terms

Question 1

allegory

Answer 1

the device of using a character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction (an idea, not a physical object) in addition to the literal meaning. Animal farm

Question 2

alliteration

Answer 2

the repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (i.e “she sells seashells)

Question 3

allusion

Answer 3

a direct or indirect reference to something commonly known. Can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical. “To my dog, our neighborhood park is the Garden of Eden.”

Question 4

ambiguity

Answer 4

Multiple meanings (intentional or unintentional) of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. “Flying planes can be dangerous”

Question 5

anaphora

Answer 5

the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences (i.e MLK I Have a Dream)

Question 6

antecedent

Answer 6

The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun (I.e the car is fast, it can go 2000 mph; antecedent: it)

Question 7

antithesis

Answer 7

the opposition or contrast of ideas expressed in grammatically balanced statements (I.e “fair is foul, foul is fair”)

Question 8

aphorism

Answer 8

a short statement or catchphrase containing a well-known or general truth or opinion expressed in a concise way. Can be a memorable summation of the author’s point. “actions speak louder than words”

Question 9

apostrophe

Answer 9

directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstracting, such as liberty or love. An address to someone or something that cannot answer.

Question 10

ethos, logos, pathos

Answer 10

emotional appeals
- appeal to credability
- appeal to logic
- appeal to emotions

Question 11

cacophony

Answer 11

Combining words and they sound unpleasant and harsh. “Beware the Jabberwock, my son! The jaws that bite, the claws that catch! The frumious Bandersnatch!”

Question 12

caricature

Answer 12

a verbal description with the purpose to exaggerate or distort

Question 13

catharsis

Answer 13

a purging of pity and/or terror in the audience when watching or reading a tragic event

Question 14

clause

Answer 14

includes both a subject and a verb.
independent or main clause: can stand alone as a sentence
Dependent or subordinate clause: cannot stand alone, must be accompanied by an independent clause.

Question 15

colloquial/colloquialism

Answer 15

the use of slang or informalities in speech or writing

Question 16

connotation

Answer 16

the non-literal, associative meaning of a word. The implied, suggested meaning. “Childlike vs. childish” “vintage vs decrepit” “rich vs loaded”

Question 17

diction

Answer 17

a writers word choice, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness

Question 18

digression

Answer 18

the use of material unrelated to the subject of the work. Departing from the main subject in speech or writing to discuss a seemingly unrelated topic

Question 19

euphemism

Answer 19

Greek for “Good Speech”, a more agreeable, less offensive, substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. (i.e earthly remains rather than corpse)

Question 20

foil

Answer 20

a character that provides a sharp contrast to another character in the same work

Question 21

foreshadowing

Answer 21

hints or clues that suggest events yet to occur

Question 22

genre

Answer 22

the major category in which literary works fit

Question 23

hyperbole

Answer 23

an exaggeration or overstatement

Question 24

imagery

Answer 24

the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions

Question 25

invective

Answer 25

an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language (I.e this sanguine coward, this bedpresser, this horseback breaker, this huge hill of flesh)

Question 26

irony/ironic

Answer 26

the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true - verbal: when words state the opposite of the authors meaning - situational: when events turn out the opposite of what was expected - dramatic: when facts or events are unknown to the character, but known to the reader "The child of a formula one driver not being able to drive." "A gifted artist having no interest in visiting art galleries." "An astronomer being afraid of the dark."

Question 27

metaphor

Answer 27

a figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity "He's a couch potato"

Question 28

metonymy

Answer 28

when the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. The phrase “a bunch of suits” for a group of businesspeople is an example

Question 29

mood

Answer 29

the atmosphere or emotional aura of a work. setting tone, and events can affect the mood

Question 30

motif

Answer 30

an image that occurs throughout a work that is in and of itself, but also may have symbolic meaning (I.e the reoccurrence of blood in Shakespeare's Macbeth)

Question 31

narrative

Answer 31

The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events

Question 32

onomatopoiea

Answer 32

when natural sounds are imitated in the sound of words (I.e buzz, crack, hum, hiss)

Question 33

oxymoron

Answer 33

the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox (I.e jumbo shrimp, cruel kindness)

Question 34

parable

Answer 34

a story designed to suggest a principle, illustrate a moral, or answer a question. many are very religious.

Question 35

paradox

Answer 35

a statement that appears to be self contradictory but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. "youth is wasted on the young", "less is more"

Question 36

parody

Answer 36

a work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the aim of comic effect and/or ridicule

Question 37

pastoral

Answer 37

a rural or natural setting

Question 38

personification

Answer 38

when the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate object by endowing them with human attributes or emotions

Question 39

point of view

Answer 39

the perspective from which a story is told - first person: tells the story with the first person pronoun "I" - Third person: uses pronouns like "he", "she", and "it" >omniscient: godlike voice >limited omniscient: godlike voice only talks about feelings of one character

Question 40

rhetoric

Answer 40

describes the principles governing the are of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively

Question 41

rhetorical question

Answer 41

a question asked for effect, not for an actual answer

Question 42

satire

Answer 42

used to ridicule various aspects of popular culture in order to reform human behavior. Satirists use irony, with, parody, caricature, hyperbole, understatement, and sarcasm. can also be shown by animal farm

Question 43

setting

Answer 43

the background of a story, involves time and place

Question 44

simile

Answer 44

comparing two unlike object with like, as, or than

Question 45

symbol/symbolism

Answer 45

anything that represents itself and stands for something else. usually something concrete (I.e object, action, character, or scene) that represents something more abstract - natural symbols: occurrences from nature to symbolize ideas - conventional symbols: invest with meaning by a group (I.e religious symbols like a cross, star of David, etc.) - literary symbols: found in a variety of world and are generally more recognized

Question 46

theme

Answer 46

the central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life

Question 47

thesis

Answer 47

the sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the authors opinion, purpose, meaning, or position

Question 48

tone

Answer 48

similar to mood, tone describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both