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Terms Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

What does ‘Cephalic’ refer to?

A

head

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2
Q

What does ‘Cervical’ refer to?

A

neck

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3
Q

What does ‘Frontal’ refer to?

A

forehead

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4
Q

What does ‘Orbital’ refer to?

A

eye

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5
Q

What does ‘Otic’ refer to?

A

ear

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6
Q

What does ‘Nasal’ refer to?

A

nose

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7
Q

What does ‘Oral’ refer to?

A

mouth

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8
Q

What does ‘Mental’ refer to?

A

chin

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9
Q

What does ‘Axillary’ refer to?

A

armpit

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10
Q

What does ‘Brachial’ refer to?

A

arm

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11
Q

What does ‘Umbilical’ refer to?

A

navel

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12
Q

What does ‘Palmar’ refer to?

A

palm

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13
Q

What does ‘Digital’ refer to?

A

fingers

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14
Q

What does ‘Femoral’ refer to?

A

thigh

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15
Q

What does ‘Popliteal’ refer to?

A

knee pit

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16
Q

What does ‘Plantar’ refer to?

A

sole

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17
Q

What does ‘Vertebral’ refer to?

A

spine

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18
Q

What does ‘Superior’ mean?

A

above

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19
Q

What does ‘Inferior’ mean?

A

below

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20
Q

What does ‘Anterior (ventral)’ refer to?

A

in front of

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21
Q

What does ‘Posterior (dorsal)’ refer to?

A

behind

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22
Q

What does ‘Medial’ refer to?

A

midline

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23
Q

What does ‘Lateral’ refer to?

A

outer side of

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24
Q

What does ‘Proximal’ mean?

A

closer to origin (only arms & legs)

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25
What does 'Distal' mean?
farther away from origin
26
What does 'Axial' refer to?
head/neck/trunk
27
What does 'Appendicular' refer to?
arms/legs
28
What are the 9 abdominal regions?
-Right hypochondriac -epigastric -left hypochondriac -right lumbar -umbilical -left lumbar- -right iliac -hypogastric -left iliac
29
Which organ is located in the right hypochondriac region?
-Liver -gallbladder
30
What organ is found in the epigastric region?
-Stomach
31
Which organs are located in the left hypochondriac region?
-Spleen -pancreas
32
What organs are found in the right lumbar region?
-Ascending large intestine -right kidney
33
What is located in the umbilical region?
-Small intestine -large intestine
34
Which organs are found in the left lumbar region?
-Descending large intestine -left kidney
35
What organ is located in the right iliac region?
-Cecum -appendix -right ovary (females)
36
What is located in the hypogastric region?
-Bladder -reproductive organs (prostate; male, uterus;female)
37
What organ is found in the left iliac region?
-Sigmoid colon -left ovary (female)
38
What is the primary function of the liver?
-Produces bile -removes toxins (drugs/alcohol) from blood
39
What does the gallbladder do?
Stores and releases bile
40
What is the function of the stomach?
Holds food and breaks it down with acid
41
What role does the spleen play in the body?
-Fights invading germs with acid -filters old or damaged blood cells
42
What does the pancreas produce?
Digestive juices and insulin
43
What is the function of the ascending large intestine?
Absorbs water and nutrients from waste material, making it into stool
44
What do the right and left kidneys do?
-Remove waste, extra fluid, and acid -makes urine -regulate minerals -produce hormones for blood pressure control
45
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
Breaking down food and absorbing nutrients
46
What does the descending large intestine do?
Stores food before it passes and leaves anus in poop form
47
What is the role of the cecum?
Absorbs fluids and salts that remain after completion and mixes it with mucus
48
What do the ovaries produce?
Eggs and secretes hormones
49
What does the bladder do?
Stores urine and releases it
50
What is the primary function of the uterus?
Pregnancy The uterus is where a fertilized egg develops.
51
What does the prostate gland produce?
Makes semen
52
What is the function of the sigmoid colon?
Holds poop until ready to release
53
What is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)?
Makes new proteins
54
What is the role of the cytoskeleton?
Provides structural support and shape to the cell
55
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
Regulates the entry and exit of substances
56
What are ribosomes responsible for?
Protein synthesis
57
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
-The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within the cell membrane. -holds parts in place and protects them from damage
58
What is the function of the nucleus?
-Contains genetic material (DNA/MRNA) and controls cellular activities -The nucleus is often referred to as the control center of the cell
59
What is the role of the two lysosomes?
-Primary: breaks things down -Secondary: digest foreign particles
60
What is the role of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)
-The Smooth ER lacks ribosomes -makes oils and lipids
61
What is the function of mitochondria?
-Energy production through ATP synthesis -Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
62
What are the two membranes of the mitochondrion?
-Inner membrane: cristae -outer membrane
63
What process do lysosomes perform to recycle cellular components?
Autophagy : is the process by which cells degrade and recycle their own components.
64
What is the anatomical term for the head?
Cranial
65
What anatomical region is referred to as the neck?
-Cervical -Connects the head to the rest of the body and contains vital structures.
66
Which anatomical term describes the palm?
-Palmar -The inner surface of the hand, important for grasping
67
What is the anatomical term for fingers?
-digital -The digits of the hand, crucial for manipulation and touch.
68
What anatomical term is used for the thigh?
-femoral (fémur) -The part of the leg between the hip and the knee.
69
What is the anatomical term for the navel?
-umbilicus -Also known as the belly button, it marks the spot where the umbilical cord was attached.
70
Which anatomical region is referred to as the chin?
-mentum (mental) -The lowermost part of the face, below the lower lip.
71
What anatomical term describes the mouth?
-oral cavity -The opening in the face used for eating, breathing, and speaking.
72
What is the anatomical term for the nose?
-nasus (nasal) -The organ responsible for the sense of smell and part of the respiratory system.
73
Which anatomical term refers to the ear?
-auricle/pinna -The organ responsible for hearing and balance.
74
What is the anatomical term for the eye?
-oculus -The organ of vision, allowing for the perception of light and images.
75
What anatomical term describes the forehead?
-frontal -The area of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline.
76
What is the anatomical term for the sole?
-plantar -The underside of the foot, important for walking and balance.
77
Which anatomical term refers to the hollow behind the knee?
-Popliteal -The shallow depression located at the back of the knee joint.
78
What is the anatomical term for the spinal region?
-Vertebral -Pertaining to the vertebrae, which make up the spine.
79
What does the Coronal Plane divide the body into?
Anterior and posterior portions
80
What are the two types of Sagittal Plane?
* Midsagittal Plane * Parasagittal Plane
81
What does the Transverse Plane divide the body into?
Superior and inferior portions
82
Fill in the blank: The _______ Plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
[Coronal Plane]
83
Fill in the blank: The _______ Plane divides the body into left and right portions.
[Sagittal Plane]
84
True or False: The Transverse Plane is also known as the Cross-sectional Plane.
True
85
What is the function of the nervous system?
-receive information from various parts of the body, process it in the brain, and send signals back to the body to control bodily functions
86
What is the primary function of the muscular system?
-enable movement by contracting muscles to pull on bones
87
What is the function of the endocrine system?
-produce and secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that regulate various bodily functions.
88
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
-responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body while removing waste products
89
What is the function of the respiratory system?
-take in oxygen from the air and expel carbon dioxide
90
What is the function of the digestive system?
-break down food into smaller molecules, allowing the body to absorb nutrients from it
91
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
-network of vessels, nodes, and organs that plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance, immune function, and lipid absorption.
92
What is the function of the urinary system?
-responsible for filtering and excreting waste products from the body, maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, and regulating blood pressure.

Tammie (5 decks)

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