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1
Q

What is the core of Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra?

A

An eight-limbed path that forms the framework for yoga practice.

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the eight limbs of yoga?

A

To bring completeness to the individual as they find connectivity to the divine.

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3
Q

What are the five Yamas?

A
  • Ahimsa
  • Satya
  • Asteya
  • Brahmacharya
  • Aparigraha
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4
Q

What do Yamas represent in yoga?

A

The first limb of yoga, which means social restraints or ethical values. The 5 Yamas represent moral/ethical codes, right living, and how we relate to others.

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5
Q

What are the five Niyamas?

A

*Sauca
*Santosa
*Tapas
*Svadhyaya
*Isvarapranidhana

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6
Q

What does Asanas refer to?

A

The third limb of yoga concerned with Physical postures.

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7
Q

Define Pranayama.

A

The 4th limb of yoga concerned with Breathwork; control & movement of prana (life force energy).

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8
Q

What is Pratyahara?

A

The fifth limb of yoga concerned with Withdrawal of the senses in preparation for Meditation.

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9
Q

What does Dharana mean?

A

The sixth limb of yoga concerned with Concentration; binding of consciousness to a single spot.

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10
Q

What is Dhyana?

A

The seventh limb of yoga concerned with Meditation; still aware of self/observer.

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11
Q

What is Samadhi?

A

The eighth limb of yoga meaning ecstasy: Union with the Divine; not aware of self.

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12
Q

True or False: The Yamas and Niyamas are solely focused on external behavior.

A

False.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The Yamas are suggestions on how to best use our energy with regards to _______.

A

[people around us].

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: The Niyamas impact how we relate to our _______.

A

[interior lives].

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15
Q

What does Ahimsa stand for?

A

The first yama: Non-harming or violence in thought, word, or deed.

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16
Q

What does Satya represent?

A

The second yama: Commitment to Truthfulness.

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17
Q

Define Asteya.

A

The third Yama: Non-stealing

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18
Q

What does Brahmacharya refer to?

A

The 4th Yama: Moderation/right use of our vital energy; sometimes explained as celibacy.

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19
Q

What does Aparigraha mean?

A

The 5th yama: Non-greed/non-hoarding/non-possessiveness.

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20
Q

What are the niyamas?

A

The second limb of yoga concerning Personal observances that refer to the attitude we adopt toward ourselves in creating a code for living soulfully.

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21
Q

What does Sauca mean?

A

The 1st niyama: Purity/Cleanliness

Reference from Yoga Sutra 2.40

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22
Q

What is the meaning of Santosa?

A

The 2nd niyama: Contentment

Reference from Yoga Sutra 2.42

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23
Q

Define Tapas in the context of niyamas.

A

The 3rd niyama: Disciplined use of our energy; also means to heat/to fire

Reference from Yoga Sutra 2.43

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24
Q

What does Svadhyaya refer to?

A

The 4th niyama: Self study; self inquiry

Reference from Yoga Sutra 2.43

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25
What is Isvarapranidhana?
The 5th niyama: Celebration of the Divine/True Self/Ultimate Reality ## Footnote Reference from Yoga Sutra 2.44; means 'offering our actions up to the divine.'
26
True or False: The niyamas are more intimate and personal compared to the yamas.
True
27
Fill in the blank: The niyamas refer to our attitude toward _______.
[ourselves]
28
What are the six major branches of yoga?
Hatha, Raja, Karma, Bhakti, Jnana, Tantra ## Footnote Each branch represents a unique approach to life.
29
What is Hatha Yoga primarily focused on?
Purification of the body ## Footnote Common styles include Anusara, Ashtanga, Vinyasa, Iyengar, Kundalini, Bikram, Sivananda.
30
What does 'Raja' mean in Raja Yoga?
Royal ## Footnote Meditation is the focal point of this branch.
31
What are the eight limbs of yoga as outlined by Patanjali?
* Yama (ethical standards) * Niyama (self-discipline) * Asana (posture) * Pranayama (breath extension or control) * Pratyahara (sensory withdrawal) * Dharana (concentration) * Dhyana (meditation) * Samadhi (ecstasy or final liberation) ## Footnote These limbs follow a specific order in Raja Yoga.
32
True or False: Practicing Raja Yoga requires entering an ashram or monastery.
False ## Footnote A monastic lifestyle is not a prerequisite for practicing Raja Yoga.
33
What principle underlies Karma Yoga?
What we experience today is created by our actions in the past ## Footnote Karma Yoga is the path of self-transcending action.
34
Give an example of selfless service associated with Karma Yoga.
Volunteering in a soup kitchen ## Footnote Other examples include serving with the Peace Corps or Habitat for Humanity.
35
What does Bhakti Yoga emphasize?
The path of devotion ## Footnote It encourages seeing the divine in all of creation.
36
Name two historical figures who exemplified Bhakti Yoga.
Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Jr. ## Footnote Their lives reflect the devotional nature of Bhakti Yoga.
37
How do Bhakti yogis express their devotion?
In every thought, word, and deed ## Footnote This includes daily activities and interactions.
38
Fill in the blank: The branch of yoga that focuses on selfless service is called _______.
Karma Yoga ## Footnote This path encourages actions that free individuals from negativity and selfishness.
39
What are the origins of yoga?
Yoga's origins can be traced back to at least 2,000-3,000 years old. ## Footnote Source: Christopher Wallis, Sanskritist and Scholar of Classical Tantra
40
Who first brought yoga to the West?
Swami Vivekananda brought yoga to the West in the late 1800's.
41
When did Swami Vivekananda address the Parliament of World's Religions?
September 11, 1893.
42
What influence did Vivekananda have on South Asian teachers?
He inspired and provided a model for several South Asian teachers to come to the United States.
43
Who is Yogananda?
Yogananda is the founder of the Self-Realization Fellowship and author of Autobiography of a Yogi.
44
What movement popularized Yogananda's work in the 1960s?
The hippie/new age movement.
45
Who is considered the father of yoga?
Sri Krishnamacharya.
46
What is Sri Krishnamacharya known for?
He is known for his wide influence on the development of postural yoga and for being the architect of vinyasa.
47
What does Viniyoga mean?
Viniyoga means appropriate application. Teach what is appropriate for an individual.
48
What is Vinyasa Krama Yoga?
Vinyasa Krama Yoga is another name for Viniyoga, created by Sri Krishnamacharya.
49
What does Viniyoga encompass?
Viniyoga encompasses asana, pranayama, bandha, sound, chanting, meditation, personal ritual, and study of texts.
50
What is the principle underlying all of Krishnamacharya's teachings?
Teach what is appropriate for an individual.
51
True or False: Sri Krishnamacharya's teachings include a focus on individual appropriateness.
True
52
What is the Bhagavad Gita?
One of the most influential Hindu texts, forming a part of the Indian epic known as Mahabharata, meaning 'Song of God.'
53
When was the Bhagavad Gita created?
Around 500 B.C.
54
What is the significance of the Bhagavad Gita in relation to Yoga?
It is the oldest known Yoga scripture devoted entirely to Yoga.
55
What central point does the Bhagavad Gita emphasize?
To be alive means to be active, and our actions must be benign to avoid difficulties.
56
Which texts does the Bhagavad Gita build upon?
It builds on and incorporates the doctrines found in the Upanishads.
57
What three facets must be brought together in our lifestyle according to the Bhagavad Gita?
* Bhakti (loving devotion) * Jnana (knowledge or contemplation) * Karma (selfless actions)
58
What is the main theme of the conversation in the Bhagavad Gita?
The importance of opposing evil.
59
What are the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali?
A collection of 196 Sutras divided into four chapters discussing yoga aims and practices.
60
What is the purpose of the Yoga Sutras?
To define and standardize Classical Yoga.
61
How many aphorisms are there in the Yoga Sutras?
196 aphorisms.
62
What does the term 'Sutra' mean in Sanskrit?
Thread.
63
What is Patanjali's Eightfold path of Yoga?
* Yama (social restraints or ethical values) * Niyama (personal observance of purity, tolerance, and study) * Asanas (physical exercises) * Pranayama (breath control or regulation) * Pratyahara (sense withdrawal) * Dharana (concentration) * Dhyana (Meditation) * Samadhi (ecstasy, oneness with the Divine/The Universe)
64
What does 'Yama' refer to in the context of Patanjali's Eightfold path?
Social restraints or ethical values.
65
Fill in the blank: 'Niyama' refers to personal observance of _______.
purity, tolerance, and study.
66
What does 'Asanas' refer to?
Physical exercises.
67
What is the meaning of 'Pranayama'?
Breath control or regulation.
68
What does 'Pratyahara' prepare one for?
Meditation.
69
What does 'Dharana' involve?
Concentration.
70
What is 'Dhyana'?
Meditation.
71
What does 'Samadhi' signify?
Ecstasy, oneness with the Divine/The Universe.

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