Terms

Question 1

Posterior

Answer 1

towards the back

Question 2

Anterior

Answer 2

towards the front

Question 3

Contralateral

Answer 3

opposite side

Question 4

Ipsilateral

Answer 4

same side

Question 5

Proximal

Answer 5

towards the body

Question 6

Distal

Answer 6

away from the body

Question 7

Abduction

Answer 7

vocal folds opening

Question 8

Adduction

Answer 8

vocal folds closing together

Question 9

CNS

Answer 9

Brain, brainstem, spinal cord (Upper Motor Neurons)

Question 10

PNS

Answer 10

everything else besides brain, brain stem and spinal cord (Lower Motor Neurons)

Question 11

Symptoms in the UPN vs. LMN

Answer 11

UPN: contralateral
LMN: ipsilateral

Question 12

PNS

Answer 12

Automatic- happens involuntarily

Somatic: what were care about in SLP- voluntary

Question 13

What are the 3 embryologic parts of the brain?

Answer 13

Forebrain: Prosencephalon- Cerebrum “the brain”
Midbrain: Mesencephalon- white matter pathways
Hindebrain/Brainstem: Rhombencephalon “lizard brain”, automatic brain function (Medella)

Question 14

Stages of a growing baby

Answer 14

Fertilization-9 weeks: Embryo
9 weeks-birth: Fetus
Birth-2 months: Neonate
2 months-2 years: Infant

Question 15

What is the CNS?

Answer 15

Brain
Brainstem
Spinal cord

Question 16

Once it is a nerve it is…

Answer 16

PNS! (even cranial nerves)

Question 17

Spinothalamic tract

Answer 17

pain, temperature, some touch, pressure
-starts at Lumbar 4 (hips)
Decussation: information crossing sides via the brain

Question 18

Point of Decussation

Answer 18

UMN: prior to the point of decussation
UMN: CNS- before point of decussation
LMN: CNS/PNS- below point of decussaiton

Question 19

Thalamus

Answer 19

rely station for all incoming sensory info

Question 20

Posterior Column

Answer 20

Medial Lemniscus (tactile, proprioceptive) starts at Lumbar 4- Medulla, crosses and goes to Thalamus

Question 21

Primary, Secondary & Tertiary

Answer 21

Primary: sends original message - SENSORY
Secondary: execute motor plan for skilled movement
Tertiary: INTERPRET, REFINE

Question 22

Periatal Lobe

Answer 22

incoming sensory

Question 23

Temporal Lobe

Answer 23

primarily interpretation

Question 24

Occipital

Answer 24

vision (best seen in Medial)

Question 25

5th insular lobe

Answer 25

not well understood (damage causes Autistic-like behaviors). Located underneath Sylvian Fissure Divides frontal and temporal from periatal

Question 26

6th artificial construct

Answer 26

limbic lobe "emotional brain" in center of brain, a lot of pieces and parts of Old Brain

Question 27

Gyri

Answer 27

convolutions

Question 28

Sulci

Answer 28

involutions

Question 29

Homonculus

Answer 29

artificial construct of a man to help understand motor and sensory

Question 30

UMN damage

Answer 30

Spastic paralysis/paresis (rigid muscle)

Question 31

LMN damage

Answer 31

Flaccid paralysis

Question 32

Thyroarytenoid

Answer 32

single muscle of the true vocal fold, can pull Arytenoids around, make more tense

Question 33

Interarytenoid

Answer 33

bringing Arytenoids closer together (oblique and transverse) Posterior- open up. Lateral will help vocal folds together

Question 34

Cricothyroid

Answer 34

muscle of pitch change

Question 35

Glottis

Answer 35

space between true vocal folds