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Web Developement 1 > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

HyperText Markup Language (HTML)

A

is based on the standards presented by the World Wide Web Consortium. W3C is an international community consisting of over 300 member organizations, a full-time staff, and the public working together to develop Web standards. Their mission, found at w3.org, is “to lead the World Wide Web to its full potential by developing protocols and guidelines that ensure the long-term growth of the Web.

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2
Q

Document Type Definition (DTD)

A

is a tool used by the developer to ensure that Web pages follow a specified markup language. Web pages are tested against these standards during development. If the developer wants a page to follow all the XHTML standards, the word “Strict” is placed in a declaration statement in the Web page. If the XHTML page includes some older HTML, the word “Transitional” is used. Finally, “Frameset” is used in pages containing HTML frames, which are on the brink of extinction. “Transitional” is the most commonly used DTD today because of the slow transition from HTML to XHTML.

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3
Q

<!DOCTYPE>

A

is the declaration statement that uses the three words described above: strict, transitional, and frameset. Although it looks like a tag, it is not. In addition to the level of strictness, it includes other information such as whether the page is using HTML or XHTML, the version of the markup language being used, and the location of the w3.org Web site containing the Document Type Definition. The online DTD contains the rules that are used to test the page.

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4
Q

element

A

is the name of an XHTML structure

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5
Q

tags

A

tags are used to create XHTML

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6
Q

Attributes

A

define any properties that an element might want to include. They are placed inside the starting tag after the element name. The attribute name is followed by an equal sign and its value: <img></img>. The quotation marks around the attribute value may either be single, as shown, or double.

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7
Q

Attribute minimization

A

is an HTML coding technique that allows the developer to use the attribute name without writing its value when the name of the attribute is the same as the value of the attribute. This practice is not allowed in XHTML.

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8
Q

child elements

A

All nested elements within the starting and ending tags are called child elements

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9
Q

AJAX

A

Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) is a set of Web development codes and techniques used to create client-side interactive Web interfaces and applications.

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10
Q

ASP.NET

A

A free technology which allows anyone to create dynamic Web sites.

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11
Q

ASP.NET Membership

A

A function which stores members in SQL Express.

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12
Q

Application State

A

A collection of shared user-defined variables.

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13
Q

Authentication

A

An act to verify the identity of an Internet user, or a computer or person.

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14
Q

Body

A

The main or central part of a Web page.

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15
Q

CSS

A

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are declarations and rules which describe how a document should be presented on the Web.

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16
Q

Concatenate

A

A function which allows users link or unite objects.

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17
Q

Content Page

A

A content page is a Web page generated by the content management system.

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18
Q

Cookie

A

Text files that Web browsers use to store information on a user’s local hard drive.

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19
Q

Data Binding

A

A technique which involves connecting data to a server control.

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20
Q

Database

A

A collection of data organized into tables which may be used to keep track of information in an easy-to-reference format.

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21
Q

Event

A

A message produced by a browser that something has occurred.

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22
Q

HTTP

A

Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol that transmits requests and data between user agents and Web servers.

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23
Q

IIS

A

Internet Information Server (IIS) is Microsoft’s Web server software which provides security and FTP service for delivering World Wide Web documents.

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24
Q

Impersonation

A

An act whereby one entity assumes the identity and privileges of another entity without restrictions and without any indication visible to the recipients of the impersonator’s calls that delegation has taken place.

25
Q

JavaScript

A

An object-based scripting language which works in conjunction with HTML in order to provide interactivity to Web pages.

26
Q

Permission

A

The ability for a user to access a resource. Permissions are granted by a system administrator or another authorized person.

27
Q

Query String

A

A section of the URL which passes data from the HTTP client to the program which generates the Web page.

28
Q

SQL

A

A database communications language. Stuctured Query Language (SQL) is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) and ISO standard computer language that is used to manipulate, define, and control data.

29
Q

SQL Server

A

Structured Query Language (SQL) Server is a client/server relational database management system.

30
Q

Server

A

Hardware that enables communication by passing messages to other users on a network.

31
Q

Session

A

A server-side storage technology which is an ASP.NET collection that is specific to one visit from an individual user.

32
Q

Table

A

A logical method of organizing and arranging data, text, or other objects by dividing them into separate rows and columns.

33
Q

Tracing

A

A method used to gain insight into an application without debugging.

34
Q

Validation

A

The act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something.

35
Q

View State

A

A page-level management tool which is used to maintain the state of Web form controls.

36
Q

Visual Studio

A

An integrated development environment from Microsoft.

37
Q

Web Application

A

IIS application pools that are managed by SharePoint.

38
Q

Web Farm

A

An environment which contains many different Web servers.

39
Q

XML

A

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a text-based file format in which developers create flexible, customized tags that allow for free information exchange between formats and applications.

40
Q

jQuery

A

A downloadable JavaScript library which may be used to speed up the process of writing JavaScript code.

41
Q

Inline Style Sheet

A

Embedded within HTML

Overrides all other style sheet settings

42
Q

Internal Style Sheet

A

Is within the page but separate from HTML
Overrides External style sheet settings
Does not override inline style sheet settings

43
Q

External Style Sheet

A

Resides in its own page

Has no overriding power

44
Q

Response object

A

is a top-level object in the HttpContext.Current object. It contains properties and methods relating to browser output. The two most popular uses of this object are to write text directly to the Web page using its Response.Write method and to redirect the browser to another page using its Response.Redirect method.

45
Q

Request object

A

is a top-level object from the HttpContext.Current object. It contains properties and methods related to the browser. This includes retrieving information about the browser, reading cookies, and passing values directly from the Web page. The Request object can also be used with the Response object to display browser information on the Web page.

46
Q

Application state

A

is a data repository for the application. Application state is a server-side technique that uses the Web server to store data. Unlike session state, where session data is saved for the user, application state saves data for everyone using the application.

47
Q

View state

A

is a data repository for Web form controls. View state is a client-side technique. Every control has a Boolean property that, when turned on, saves the state of the control on the Web page.

View state has a very different purpose from the session and application states. Rather than saving user-created values, view state is designed to save the state of the form and all its controls between postbacks automatically.

View state is a client-side technique because it uses hidden elements within the page to store state data rather than the server. The browser, of course, does not display the data placed into these elements.

48
Q

Control state

A

is a data repository for Web form controls. Control state is a client-side technique. Every control automatically saves the state of the control on the Web page.

Control state is much like view state. However, unlike view state, control state cannot be disabled. Control state stores the essential data and properties of each control that must be available on postback so that the control is able to function.

49
Q

An event occurs

A

when something happens that an object or Web control can sense.

50
Q

AutoEventWireup

A

ties events to the code-behind of Visual Web Developer, C#, and Visual Basic (VB) to respond to the AutoEventWireup differently.

51
Q

Does the event handler that Visual Basic uses work in C#?

A

the event handler does not work with C#.

52
Q

Why is AutoEventWireup set differently in C# than in Visual Basic?

A

Because C# does not provide us with this event handler, the events must be typed manually. C# must also have AutoEventWireup set to true because this is the only way it can see events. Because Visual Basic uses event handlers instead of AutoEventWireup, the AutoEventWireup setting should be set to false.

53
Q

page event

A

an alert that something is different about the Web page. We catch these events with our code-behind so we can write code for them.

54
Q

UNDERSTANDING APPLICATION EVENTS

A
  • BeginRequest: A request has been received.
  • AuthenticateRequest: Identity of the user has been established.
  • DefaultAuthentication: Ensures authentication has occurred.
  • AuthorizeRequest: User authorization has been verified.
  • ResolveRequestCache: Authorization has been verified to use the cache.
  • AcquireRequestState: Current state has been acquired.
  • PreRequestHandlerExecute: Event handling is about to start.
  • PostRequestHandlerExecute: Event handling is finished.
  • ReleaseRequestState: Requests for state have been saved.
  • UpdateRequestCache: Cache is ready for subsequent requests.
  • EndRequest: The request has been processed.
55
Q

What are The most commonly programmed application events?

A
  • Application_Start: This is triggered when the Web application is first launched. Since it is only fired once in the lifetime of the application, it is an ideal place to initialize variables that will be used throughout the life of the running site.
  • Application_End: This is triggered just before the application is terminated. Typical coding in this event procedure is to free application-level resources or save logging information.
  • Application_Error: This, of course, triggers when an error occurs on the site. This should not be triggered often because application code should be catching most errors and handling them in a manner that will keep the pages running smoothly. However, this is a catch-all event to handle those missed errors.
  • Application_LogRequest: This is triggered only when a request has been made to the application; it is used for custom logging.
56
Q

Global.asax

A

an optional file on the server that, if present, contains program code for handling session and application events. These server-side events are only processed from the Global.aspx file and nothing from this file is ever passed to the client’s browser.

The global.asax code snippet that follows uses both types of server-side events, Session and Application. It retrieves the number of user sessions currently using the Web application with inline script rather than code-behind.

57
Q

Postback

A

property of the Web page allows the developer to separate code that needs to be run only when the page is first loaded from the pages that have been re-created from user interaction since the page was first loaded.

58
Q

What is IsPostBack?

A

property of the ViewState object is designed to solve this problem by sensing whether a page has had a previous round-trip to the server. It can then bypass the initialization of the Web page on all but the first page load event.

59
Q

Response.Redirect

A

a common method for transferring to other Web pages and Web sites. When using it in combination with session state, variables can easily be shared among pages on a site for each user.

Web Developement 1 (1 decks)

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