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Terms Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Allemande

A

“German dance”
4/4
Moderately fast
Eighth-note upbeat

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2
Q

Ariosto

A

Consisting of both recitative and aria elements

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3
Q

Bagatelle

A

“A trifle”
short piano piece
Usually in song form

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4
Q

Ballad or Ballade

A

1) a simple song
2) narrative poem set to music
3) instrumental or choral wrk patterned after the above

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5
Q

Perfect Authentic Cadence

A

V-I or V7-I
Both in root position
Root of the I in the highest voice

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6
Q

Perfect Plagal Cadence

A

IV-I
Both in root position
Root of the I in highest voice

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7
Q

Imperfect Cadence

A

V-I or V7-I
One or more of the chords is inverted
Or highest voice is not the root

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8
Q

Half Cadence

A

Ending on the V of major keys or III of minor keys

May also end on other degrees but not the tonic

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9
Q

Deceptive (or interrupted) Cadence

A

Type of half Cadence
Listener expects a perfect Cadence but it doesn’t end on the tonic
Examples: V-VI or V-IV

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10
Q

Caprice or Capriccio

A

Fanciful and irregular, freestyle, resembling the fantasia

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11
Q

Cassation

A

Instrumental serenades or suites intended for outdoor performance

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12
Q

Chaconne or Passacaglia

A

Set of variations derived from ground bass 4-8 measures long, usually in triple meter
Originally dances of Spanish origin

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13
Q

Chorale

A

German hymn developed by Martin Luther

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14
Q

Chorale Prelude
(Chorale Elaboration)
(Chorale Figuration)

A

Elaboration of a chorale melody for the organ, used in Lutheran services as a prelude to singing the chorale

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15
Q

Concerto

A

Large work for soloist with orchestra, usually in 3 movements, the first being sonata-allegro

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16
Q

Concerto Grosso

Ripieno

A

Form originating in late 17th Century

Small group of solo instruments accompanied by a large group

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17
Q

Courante

A

“Running dance”
Classic dance in rapid tempo
3/4 or 6/4
Upbeat of one quarter note or three eighth notes

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18
Q

Divertimento

A

18th century suite
Small instrumental combinations
Intended for outdoor use

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19
Q

Episode

A

Interlude between subjects in a fugue

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20
Q

Codetta

A

Coda for final Cadence, bringing section of work to a close

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21
Q

Foxtrot

A

4/4 or cut time
For ballroom dancing
Played by modern dance band

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22
Q

Fugato

A

Passage in fugal style but in a non-fugal composition

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23
Q

Fughetta

A

Short fugue

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24
Q

Answers

A

Statements of the fugue in dominant after the original statement in the tonic

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25
Counter-subject
Counterpoint to fugue used consistently
26
Repercussion
Statement of the subject by all voices in a different order of appearance from that of the exposition
27
Gallop
Lovely dance | 2/4 meter
28
Gavotte
Dance with 2 lively strains 4/4 Upbeat of 2 quarter notes
29
Gigue | Gigs
Classic dance 6/8 or 12/8 Rapid tempo Second part begins with inversion of main theme
30
Invention
Bach | 15 keyboard pieces in 2 parts
31
Lied
German art song Effective union of music with words Strophic lied = same music for each stanza Through-composed (durchkomponiert) lied = each voice is set differently
32
Madrigal
Vocal music in 2-3 parts, chamber music
33
Mass
1) Kyrie eleison 2) Gloria 3) Credo 4) Sanctus 5) Benedictus 6) Agnis Dei
34
Mazurka
Polish dance 3/4 or 3/8 meter Emphasis on 2nd or 3rd best of the measure
35
Minuet
Europe 1650 - 1800 3/4 moderate tempo Displaced by scherzo in symphony 3-part song form, sometimes 2
36
Motet
Polyphonic choral piece setting Latin religious words other than mass 16C
37
Overture
``` Italian = fast, slow, fast French = slow, fast, slow ```
38
Partita
Elaborate suite with different types of movements
39
Passage
When a motive is used sequentially in a florid manner or dissolved into a scale or arpeggio for the sake of brilliance
40
Passepied
Rapid dance | 3 beats per measure with upbeat of 1 beat
41
Passion
``` Tenor = narrator “evangelist” Bass = Christ accompanied by strings ```
42
Polka
Lively Bohemian or Polish dance 2/4 1st three eighth notes accented, fourth unaccented Similar to Schottische
43
Polonaise
Stately Polish dance 3/4 Each beat divided into 2 eighth notes with last half of first beat divided into 16th notes Secondary stress on beat 2
44
Recapitulation
``` Fugue = recapitulation, extension (coda), final cadence Sonata = recapitulation, retransition, coda ```
45
Retransition
Prepares listener for recapitulation after development | Tends to dwell on the Dominant
46
Rigaudon
Old dance Duplex meter Southern France
47
Rondo
Large form Contrast of man in theme with subordinate theme Theme A usually small song form Small (first) rondo = theme, digression, elaborate restatement of theme, coda. Slow Old (second) rondo = rapid, 2+ digressions, one of which in remote key New (third) rondo = rapid, returns to first digression (A-B-A-C-A-B-A)
48
Sarabande
Spanish dance Slow 3/4 or 3/2 Second best accented or lengthened
49
Scherzo
Triple meter | Fast
50
Sonata-allegro
Large form 1st movement of sonatas, etc. Usually 2 themes, one heroic and one lyrical, in contrasting keys, bridge from one to another and then to cadence to development. Recapitulation has both themes in same key. Coda.
51
Sonata
Large form Usually 4 movements, each in large form 1) Sonata-allegro 2) small rondo or other slow movement in related key 3) minuet or scherzo in another related key 4) rondo or sonata-allegro in main key 3-mvt works usually omit minuet Theme with variation may replace any movement
52
Stretto
Imitation, frequent in fugues Second player begins imitation while first statement is still in progress Increases tension
53
Suite
1) set of dances, usually consisting of Allemande, Courante, Sarabande, and Gigue May be intro and other dances 2) set of pieces for open air performance 3) set of theatrical pieces or pieces that share occasion, key, or theme
54
Tarantelle/Tarantella
Rapid Italian dance | 6/8
55
Toccata
Usually a piece to display rapid technique on a keyboard instrument
56
Ground Bass Variation
Variation form where ground bass line remains the same throughout.
57
Waltz
Triple meter Origination in Germany Slow intro, 4-5 separate waltzes of two strains, trio, da capo, extended coda with recapitulation, flourishing ending
58
String Quartet
2 violins Viola Violoncello
59
Piano Quartet
Piano Violin Viola Violoncello
60
Full dance orchestra
5 sax - 2 altos, 2 tenors, bari (each doubling clarinet or other woodwind) 6-8 brass, divided evenly between tpt and tbn 4-man rhythm
61
Stock dance orchestra
3-4 sax 3-4 brass 4 rhythm
62
Small tenor band
``` 3 ten sax Tpt Piano String bass Drums ```
63
Dixieland band
``` Trumpet Clarinet Ten sax (opt) Trombone Rhythm ```

Navy Music Forms (4 decks)

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