Terms Flashcards
(131 cards)
1
Q
acute
A
sharp; having intense, often severe symptoms and a short course
2
Q
chronic
A
a condition that develops slowly and persists over a period of time
3
Q
benign
A
mind or noncancerous
4
Q
malignant
A
harmful or cancerous
5
Q
degeneration
A
gradual deterioration of normal cells and body functions
6
Q
diagnosis
A
determination of the presence of a disease based on an evaluation of symptoms, signs, and test findings
7
Q
degenerative diseases
A
any disease in which deterioration of the structure or function of tissues
8
Q
etiology
A
study of the cause of a disease
9
Q
exacerbation
A
increase in the severity of a disease, with aggravation of symptoms
10
Q
remission
A
a period in which symptoms and signs stop or abate
11
Q
febrile
A
relating to fever
12
Q
idiopathic
A
a condition occurring without a clearly identified cause
13
Q
localized
A
limited to the whole body rather than to only a part
14
Q
systemic
A
relating to the whole body rather than only a part
15
Q
malaise
A
a feeling of uneasiness or discomfort often the first indication of illness
16
Q
marked
A
significant
17
Q
morbidity
A
sick; a diseased state
18
Q
mortality
A
the state of being subject to death
19
Q
prognosis
A
foreknowledge; prediction of the likely outcome of a disease based on the general health status of the patient along with knowledge of the usual course of the disease
20
Q
progressive
A
pertaining to eh advancement of a condition as the sings and symptoms increase in severity
21
Q
prophylaxis
A
a process or measure that prevents disease
22
Q
recurrent
A
to occur again; describes return of symptoms and signs after period of quiescence
23
Q
sequela
A
a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or injury
24
Q
sign
A
a marks objective evidence of disease that can be seen or verified by an examiner
25
symptom
subjective evidence of disease that is perceived by the patient and often noted in his or her own words
26
syndrome
a running together; combination of symptoms and signs that give a distinct clinical picture indicating a particular condition or disease
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noncontributory
not involving in bringing on the condition or result
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unremarkable
common; not out of the ordinary or significant
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epithelium
cells covering external and internal surfaces of the body
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epidermis
thin outer layer of the skin
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squamous cell layer
flat, scale-like epithelial cells comprising of the outermost epidermis
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basal layer
deepest layer of the epidermis
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melanocyte
cells in the basal layer that gives the skin color
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melanin
dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
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dermis
dense, fibrous, connective tissue layer in the skin. Also known as corium
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sebaceous glands
oil glands in the skin
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sebum
oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
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sudoriferous glands
sweat glands
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subcutaneous layer
connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis
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collagen
protein substance in skin and connective tissue
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hair
outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin
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nail
outgrowth of the skin, composed of keratin, at the end of each finger and toe
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Keratin
hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails
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Lesion
an area of pathologically altered tissue; the two types of lesions primary and secondary
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primary lesions
lesions arising from previously normal skin
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macule or macula
a flat discolored spot on the skin up to 1cm across
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patch
a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1cm
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papule
a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5cm in diameter
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plaque
a solid mass greater than 1cm in diameter and limited to the surface of the skin
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nodule
a solid mass greater than 1cm that extends deeper into the epidermis
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tumor
a solid mass larger than 1-2cm
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wheal
an area of localized skin edema
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vesicle
little bladders an elevated fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5cm in diameter
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bulla
a blister larger than 0.5cm
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pustule
a pus-filled sac
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secondary lesions
lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
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erosion
gnawed away; loss of superficial epidermis, leaving an area of moisture bu too bleeding
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ulcer
an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar. Sometimes accompanied by infection
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excoriation
a scratch mark
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fissure
a linear crack in the skin
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scale
a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis
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crust
a dried residue of serum, pus, or blood on the skin
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vascular lesions
lesions of a blood vessel
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cherry angioma
a small round bright blood vessel tumor on the skin often on the trunk of elderly
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telangiectasia or spider angioma
a tiny, red blood vessel lesion lesser by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly on the face, neck or chest.
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purpuric lesions
purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin
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petechia
spot; reddish-brown, miniature hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura
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ecchymosis
bruise; black and blue mark; a large purpura
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cicatrix of the skin
a mark left by the heal thing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
70
keloid
an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
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epidermal tumors
skin tumors arising from the epidermis
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nevus
a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular; also called a mole
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dysplastic nevus
a mole with precancerous changes
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verruca
an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus; also called a wart.
75
alopecia
baldness natural or unnatural deficiency of hair
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comedo
a plug of sebum (oil) within the opening of hair follicle
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closed comedo
a comedo below the skin surface with a white center
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open comedo
a comedo open to the skin surface with a black center caused by the presence of melanin exposed to the air
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eruption
appearance of skin lesion
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erythema
redness of skin
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pruritus
severe itching
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rash
a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable disease
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skin pigmentation
skin color resulting from presence of melanin
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depigmentation
loss of melanin pigment in the skin
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hypopigmentation
areas of skin lacking color because of deficient amounts of melanin
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hyperpigmentation
darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
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suppuration
production of purulent matter (pus)
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urticaria
hives; an eruption of wheals on the skin accompanied by itching
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xeroderma
dry skin
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acne
inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin, evidenced by comedones, pustules, or nodules on the skin.
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albinism
a hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of melanin pigment
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burn
injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
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1st degree burn
a burn involving only the epidermis; characterized by erythema and hyperesthesia (excessive sensation)
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2nd degree burn
a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis; characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia; and vesications (blisters)
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3rd degree burn
a burn involving all layers of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue
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dermatitis
inflammation of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus, and various lesions
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dermatosis
any disorder of the skin
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exanthematous viral disease
an eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease
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rubella
reddish; German measles
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rubeola
reddish; 14-day measles
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varicella
a tiny spot; chickenpox
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eczema
to boil out; often used interchangeably with dermatitis to denote a skin condition characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papule and vesicles that crust and scale
103
furuncle
boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in the hair follicle; caused by staphylococcus's
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carbuncle
a skin infection consisting of closes of furuncles
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abscess
a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues, which heals when drained of excised
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gangrene
an eating sore; death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply
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herpes simplex virus type 1
transient viral vesicles that infect the facial area, especially the mouth and nose.
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herpes simplex virus type 2
sexually transmitted; ulcer like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; After initial infection, the virus lies formant min the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress
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herpes zorter
a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves; also known as shingles
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impetigo
a high contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted
111
keratoses
thickened area of epidermis
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actinic keratoses
localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight. Precursor to cancer
113
seborrheic kertoses
benign, wart like tumors; more commonly on elderly skin
114
lupus
a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body
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cutaneous lupus
limited to the skin; evidenced by characteristic rash
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systemic lupus erythematosus
a more severe form of lupus involving the skin, joints and often vital organs
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malignant cutaneous neoplasm
skin cancer
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squamous cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the squamous epithelium
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basal cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis; the most common type of skin cancer
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malignant melanoma
malignant tumor composed of melanocytes
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Kaposi sarcoma
malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels, appearing as painless dark blueish-purple plaques on the skin. Often spreads to lymph needs and internal organs.
122
onychia
inflammation of the fingernail or toenail
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paraonychia
inflammation of the nail fold
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pediculosis
infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis
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pediculosis capitis
head lice
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pediculosis pubis
lice that infects pubis area or other hairy regions of the skin. Also called crabs
127
psoriasis
itching; a chronic recurrent skin disease marked by silvery scares covering red patches, papule, and/or plaques on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells
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scabies
a contagious disease caused by a parasite that invades the skin, causes intense itching
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seborrhea
a skin condition marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous gland
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tinea
a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part affected (athletes foot, ringworm Ect)
131
vitiligo
a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin
