Terms Flashcards
(127 cards)
0
Q
lymphadenopathy
A
swollen, enlarged lymph nodes, due to infection, autoimmune disease, malignancy
1
Q
pathognomonic
A
characteristic for a particular disease, sign whose presence means that a particular disease is present beyond any doubt
2
Q
lethargy
A
subjective feeling of tiredness, distinct form weakness, has gradual onset
3
Q
dysphagia
A
difficulty swallowing
4
Q
dysarthria
A
difficulty pronouncing words caused by neurological injury to the motor component of the motor-speech system
5
Q
contraindication
A
condition or factor that serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment
6
Q
tinnitus
A
ringing in the ear, perception of sound within the ear
7
Q
vertigo
A
type of dizziness in which pt inappropriately experiences the perception of movement
8
Q
odynophagia
A
painful swallowing in the mouth or esphagus
9
Q
orthopnea
A
shortness of breath which occurs when laying flat
10
Q
lassitude
A
condition of weariness, debility, or fatigue
11
Q
nevi
A
“birthmarks” - sharply circumscribed chronic lesions of the skin
12
Q
diplopia
A
double vision
13
Q
glossodynia
A
burning sensation in the mouth where no underlying cause can be found
14
Q
hemoptysis
A
expectoration (coughing up) of blood or blood stained sputum
15
Q
plethoric
A
florid, red-faced
16
Q
febrile
A
having or showing sx of a fever
17
Q
epistaxis
A
nosebleed
18
Q
galactorrhea
A
spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing
19
Q
edema
A
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium (locations beneath the skin or in cavities of the body)
20
Q
category x
A
drugs with high teratogenic risk to fetus, contraindicated for use during pregnancy
21
Q
obtundation
A
less than full mental capacity as a result of a medical condition or trauma
unarousable
22
Q
anosmia
A
inability to perceive odor
23
Q
dyspnea
A
shortness of breath, subjective symptom of breathlessness
24
polyuria
excessive urination
25
amenorrhea
absence of menstruation in women of reproductive age
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anesthesia
condition of having sensation (including pain) blocked
27
ataxia
uncoordinated movement, muscle control problem
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paroxysmal
sudden recurrences or intensification of sx
29
nocturia
need to get up at night to urinate
30
menometrorrhagia
prolonged or excessive uterine bleeding irregularly and more frequently than normal
31
akathisia
unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness, inability to sit still (movements are voluntary though)
32
fasciculation
small local involuntary muscle contraction
a twitch
33
globus sensation
nonpainful sensation of having a lump or foreign object in the throat
34
dysuria
difficult or painful urination
35
hematospermia
blood in the semen
36
anhedonia
inability to experience pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable
37
alopecia
hair loss
38
water brash
heartburn with regurgitation of sour fluid or almost tasteless saliva into the mouth
39
dyspareunia
painful intercourse
40
paresthesia
tickling, tingling, burning, pricking or numbness of the skin with no apparent cause
41
polydipsia
excessive thirst
42
deglitition
swallowing
43
dysmenorrhea
pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities
44
hypoesthesia
reduced sense of touch or partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli
45
cyanosis
blue/purple coloration of skin or mucous membrane due to decreased O2
46
proctalgia
severe, episodic rectal and sacrococcygeal pain
47
appy
appendectomy
48
pack years
packs smoked per day times years smoked
49
goiter
abnormal enlargement of thyroid gland
50
icterus
jaundice
51
spermatocele
benign, painless mass extending near testicle
52
chole
cholecystectomy
53
nuchal rigidity
neck stiffness
54
entropion
inward folding of lower eyelids
55
cryptorchidism
absence of one or both testes from the scrotum
56
cardiomyopathy
measured deterioration of the function of the myocardium
57
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
58
strabismus
disorder in which the two eyes do not line up in the same direction
59
ectropion
condition in which the lower eyelids turn outward
60
hypospadias
birth defect of the male urethra that involves an abnormally placed meatus
61
consolidation
region of normally compressible lung tissue that has filled with liquid
62
CAGE questionnaire
used to detect alcoholism
C- have you felt you need to cut down your drinking?
A- have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
G- have you ever felt guilty about your drinking?
E- have you ever felt like you need a drink in the morning (eye-opener)?
63
ptosis
drooping of upper eyelid
64
bruit
unusual sound of blood when it rushes past an obstruction in an artery
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priapism
condition in which erect penis does not return to its flaccid state
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parenchymal
functional parts of an organ
67
PCI - percutaneous coronary intervention
coronary angioplasty
68
anhidrosis
deficiency in perspiration
69
stridor
high pitched wheezing due to obstruction
70
varicocele
enlargement of pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum
71
meningismus
condition where pt shows signs of meningitis but there are no pathological changes
72
malaise
generalized feeling of discomfort, illness, lack of wellbeing
73
petechiae
small red or purple spot caused by minor hemorrhage
74
purpura
red or purple discolorations of skin that do not blanch when applying pressure
75
wheal
raised itchy area of skin
76
macule
change in surface color with elevation or depression, <1 cm
77
patch
circumscribed area of discoloration with elevation or depression, >1 cm
78
plaque
well circumscribed, elevated, superficial, solid lesion, >1 cm
79
nodule
palpable, solid lesion >1 cm, may be above, level with, or below skin surface
80
tumor
solid, firm lesion, >2 cm, may be above, level with, or below skin surface
81
vesicle
small, superficial circumscribed lesion, elevated, <0.5 cm, contains serous fluid
82
bullae
raised circumscribed lesion >0.5 cm that contains serous fluid
83
pustule
small circumscribed superficial lesion, elevated, filled with pus
84
folliculitis
inflammation of one or more hair follicles
85
ecchymosis
purple discoloration of the skin, caused by passage of blood from ruptured vessel into subcutaneous tissue, >10 cm
86
hematoma
localized collection of blood outside the vasculature, usually in liquid form within tissue
87
nevus
sharply circumscribed, chronic lesion of the skin
birthmark
88
linear
lesion that forms a line along the skin
89
serpiginous
slowly progressive, creeping, leaving scar tissue below while it continues to affect the skin above
90
violaceous
violet in color
91
sessile
skin lesion that appears to be stuck directly to the skin surface without a stalk
92
pedunculated
lesion with a long stalk of tissue supporting it
93
target
macule, papule, vessicle, or bullae surrounded by a hemorrhagic maculopapule
94
annular
ring-like shape
95
dependent personality
need to assuage fears of abandonment, starvation, helplessness
maladaptive - demand urgent, special attention
96
obsessive compulsive personality
need to maintain control, especially of emotional expression
maladaptive - thinking substitutes feeling and emotion - ritualistic behaviors
97
histrionic personality
need to merge emotionally with others, especially of the opposite sex
maladaptive - communicate through emotions, feeling, performing; overly dramatic
98
masochistic personality
self defeating, need to suffer
maladaptive - express much suffering, bad luck, disappointments, feel like a helpless victim
99
narcissistic personality
need to overcome low self esteem, maintain personal identity
maladaptive - act all-powerful, all important, arrogant
100
paranoid personality
need to assuage fear or their own faults, weaknesses, impulses and of infringement by others
maladaptive - guarded, vigilant, quarrelsome, suspicious
101
schizoid personality
need to protect against certain disappointment when relating to others
maladaptive - isolated unsociable, out of touch, have solitary interests
102
borderline personality
long term patterns of unstable or turbulent emotions - impulsive actions, chaotic relationships
103
avoidant personality
feel very shy, inadequate, sensitive to rejection
104
schizotypal personality
need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior/thinking, unconventional beliefs
105
affect
subjective and immediate experience of emotion attached to ideas or mental representations of objects
106
flat affect
absence or near absence of any signs of affective expression
107
echolalia
psychopathological repeating of words or phrases of one person by another, tends to be repetitive and persistent, seen in schizophrenia
108
echopraxia
involuntary repetition or imitation of another person's actions
109
paraphilia
experience of intense sexual arousal to highly atypical objects, situations, or individuals
110
micrographia
tiny handwriting or handwriting that decreases in size, seen in parkinsonism
111
loose associations
characteristic schizophrenic thinking or speech disturbance involving a disorder in the logical progression of thoughts, manifested as a failure to communicate verbally adequately; unrelated ideas shift from one subject to another
112
tangential communication
oblique, digressive, or irrelevant manner of speech in which the central idea is not communicated
113
flight of ideas
rapid succession of fragmentary thoughts or speech in which content changes abruptly and speech may be incoherent
114
somatization
tendency to experience and communicate psychological distress in the form of somatic sx and to seek medical help for them
115
catatonia
state of neurologic motor inability and behavioral abnormality manifested by stupor
116
conversion reaction
development of symbolic physical sx and distortions involving the voluntary muscles or special sense organs, not under voluntary control and not explained by any physical disorder
117
malingering
feigning a disease to achieve a specific goal, for example to avoid an unpleasant responsibility
118
dysthymia
chronic type of depression in which a person's moods are regularly low, not as severe as major depression
119
anhedonia
loss of interest in, and withdrawal from, all regular and pleasurable activities; often associated with depression
120
psychomotor (agitation?)
physical and mental overactivity that is usually nonproductive and is associated with a feeling of inner turmoil, as seen in agitated depression
121
munchausen's syndrome
feigning illness or psychological trauma to draw attention, sympathy
122
cyclothymic
numerous extreme mood disturbances with periods of hypomanic sx alternated with periods of moderate or mild depression, less severe than bipolar
123
disassociation
unconscious defense mechanism involving segregation of any group of mental or behavioral processes from the rest of the person's psychic activity
124
amnesia
partial or total inability to recall past experiences, may be organic (amnestic disorder) or emotional (dissociative disorder)
125
fugue
dissociative disorder characterized by a period of almost complete amnesia, during which a person actually feels from an immediate life situation and begins a different life pattern; mental faculties and skills are usually unimpaired
126
depersonalizatoin
sensation of unreality concerning oneself, parts of oneself or one's environment that occurs under extreme stress or fatigue
