terms and themes unit 6

Question 1

stern-post rudder

Answer 1

invented by the Chinese helped ships to move easier

Question 2

lateen sail

Answer 2

triangular sailallowed ships to moveinvented by muslims

Question 3

caravel

Answer 3

invented by the Portuguese new type of ship sturdy and maneuverable

Question 4

magnetic compass

Answer 4

navigation instrumentinvented by the chinese

Question 5

astrolobe

Answer 5

invented by muslimsenabled mariners to determine their latitude

Question 6

sextant

Answer 6

europeans invented navigation tool

Question 7

trade winds and westerly winds

Answer 7

by studying these Europeans were able to figure out how to sail safely around africa

Question 8

archipelago

Answer 8

small groups of islands

Question 9

colony

Answer 9

distant territories formed/ruled by their empire

Question 10

portugal

Answer 10

first leader in maritime exploration across atlantic

Question 11

sugar

Answer 11

a crop from south-east asia that was very valuable in europe

Question 12

plantations

Answer 12

a large farm where slaves grew sugar

Question 13

monopoly

Answer 13

one rule(r)

Question 14

Prince Henry the navigator

Answer 14

patron of navigation and supported many explotory voyages of west africa in the hopes of entering the gold trade and finding new routes to pepper

Question 15

Bartolomeu Dias

Answer 15

first european to sail to the cape of good hope in 1488

Question 16

Vasco da Gama

Answer 16

in 1498 was the first portuguese/european explorer to sail around the cape of good hope.

Question 17

Cape of Good Hope

Answer 17

southern Africa

Question 18

Patron

Answer 18

a person who gives financial or other support to a person

Question 19

Trading-post empire

Answer 19

an empire where the portugues would seize or build key trading cities and force merchants to stop there and make them pay to trade or even dock

Question 20

Land-based Empire

Answer 20

an empire that is controlled from the land

Question 21

Safe-conduct passes

Answer 21

Forced all merchant ships to purchase in orde to trade safely if one didn’t have the pass, it would result in execution or have their hands cut off and items confiscated

Question 22

armed trading

Answer 22

Portuguese used weapons as means of trade

Question 23

straits

Answer 23

narrow water passages

Question 24

English and Dutch East India Companies

Answer 24

1600’s became the major european force in the indian ocean and china area.

Question 25

Christopher columbus

Answer 25

european explorer, found the "new world"

Question 26

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella

Answer 26

the king and queen of Spain who sponsored Christopher colubus' voyage

Question 27

Reconquista

Answer 27

the long, bloody war to reconquer spain from the muslims

Question 28

Caliphate of Cordoba

Answer 28

a state established by the Umayyads on the iberian peninsula after their defeat in southern France

Question 29

Inquisition

Answer 29

a violent campaign to forcibly convert its large jewish population to christianity.

Question 30

Iberian Peninsula

Answer 30

made up of Spain and Portugal

Question 31

Conquistadores

Answer 31

conquerors

Question 32

Encomienda

Answer 32

the form of slavery the spanish established in the americas where the spanish crown granted conquistadors the right to demand for labor from the natives

Question 33

Tenochtitlan

Answer 33

capital of the aztec empire which was very similar to the states of afro-eurasia

Question 34

Hernan Cortez

Answer 34

spanish conquistador who arrived in aztec empire in 1519 and succeeded

Question 35

Moctezuma (Montezuma)

Answer 35

king of the aztec empire

Question 36

Technological and biological advantages

Answer 36

the spainards had so much Technological and biological advantages because the aztec only had wooden sticks and few swords

Question 37

Smallpox

Answer 37

the disease the spanish brought over by accident which the natives had no immunity to which decimated their population

Question 38

Immunity

Answer 38

resistance against a medical issue

Question 39

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 39

the spanish conqueror who conquered the inca

Question 40

Atahualpa

Answer 40

inca prince

Question 41

domesticated animals

Answer 41

animals that are tamed and made fit for a human environment-- feeding, breeding, ect

Question 42

Beasts of burden, draft animals

Answer 42

animals used for transporting loads or doing other heavy work

Question 43

cereal crops

Answer 43

wheat, barely ect.

Question 44

smallpox

Answer 44

a deadly disease spread by Europeans in the americas

Question 45

epidemics

Answer 45

huge out break or disease

Question 46

Silver, silver mining

Answer 46

very valuable, inca were rich in it and spanish ended up making great wealth from it and sending it back to Spain.

Question 47

Conscript system

Answer 47

Spaniards relied on this form of slavery, where natives workers were required to work for a specified time in the mines each year.

Question 48

Sugar

Answer 48

the source of wealth that the colonies produced from cash crops

Question 49

Plantation agriculture

Answer 49

farming cash crops on plantations

Question 50

Monoculture

Answer 50

the cultivation of a single crop in a given area.

Question 51

Debt slavery

Answer 51

working to pay off a debt

Question 52

prison slavery

Answer 52

working to pay off a crime

Question 53

conscripted labor

Answer 53

working as a requirement of the state

Question 54

Chattel slavery

Answer 54

extremely brutal form of slavery greatly impacting the lives of african people

Question 55

Raw material

Answer 55

material suitable for manufacture or use or finishing

Question 56

manufactured goods

Answer 56

roducts that have been made from a raw material, esp as a large-scale operation using machinery

Question 57

Triangle trade

Answer 57

the inter dependent cycle of trade across the atlantic

Question 58

Atlantic slave trade

Answer 58

the purchasing of slaves captured by african slavers