TERMS/IDEAS Flashcards
(14 cards)
Socialism
Is a political and economic system in which property and means of production are owned in common controlled by the state or government. Some countries that run a socialist society include Cuba, Vietnam, Laos, etc.
Marxism
Marxism was the political, economic and social theories of Karl Marx including the belief that the struggle between social classes is a major force in history and should be eventually be rid of into a society where there are no classes.
Leninism
A political ideology developed by Vladimir Lenin that proposes the way the communist party should be organised. It states it should be a dictatorship of the proletariat, so that the working class holds the power.
duma
As a result of a revolution in Russia 1905, the Duma was created through the October Manifesto and they were the first representative body of the legislative power who had roles such as adoption of federal, constitutional laws, control over activity of the Russian Government, and international issues, etc.
Kulak
Was a Russian peasant who generally owned relatively large farm lands, and had multiple farm animals types, and had the capability to hire work, and pay them.
Bureaucracy
A system of government in which most of the important decision are taken by state officials rather than elected representatives.
Imperialism
Imperialism is the idea of expanding ones territory by taking over another country. This is done through creating colonies. In Russia, imperialism was focused on central Asia and north east Asia by the end of the 1800’s.
Feudalism
It was a social system in medieval Europe (and for Russia much later) in which the nobility held lands. For centuries before the Soviet rule, Russia was living under a feudal system in which peasants were born tethered to the great estates of nobility. Russian tenant farmer lived on large estates.
Democracy
A system of Government by the whole population, or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
Capitalism
Is an economic policy system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. The essential feature of capitalism is to make a profit.
Industrialisation
Is the process of transforming the economy of a nation or region from a focus on agriculture to reliance on manufacturing.
Urbanization
Urbanisation is the movement of population into cities and away from rural areas. It occurs all over the world and causes mega cities. It offers people more opportunities to improve living but can lead to violence and unrest when it happens for a mass.
Commissar
Commissars were supervisory officers responsible for the political education and organisation of the unit to which they are assigned. They had the intention of ensuring political control and to ensure loyalty to the party.
Terror
Is a feeling one gets with overwhelming anxiety. In relation to the civil war, the Red an White sides would use political terror by threatening the society with punishments if they didn’t support the party. People would be killed and their family killed too. People were terrified for their lives if they didn’t support the party’s.
