Terms & Pragmatics

Question 1

Explain at-issue meaning

Answer 1

the literal, surface meaning of a sentence.
- it is called “issue” because it refers to the topic of the sentence.

Question 2

Explain non-at-issue meaning

Answer 2

The implicatures or presuppositions of a sentence

Question 3

What is the Cooperative Principle?

Answer 3

The major underlying assumption that we make in a conversation is that all discourse participants are acting in a way to accomplish conversational goals.

Question 4

What are the 4 maxims of the Cooperative Principle?

Answer 4

1. Maxim of Quality
2. Maxim of Quantity
3. Maxim of Relation
4. Maxim of Manner

Question 5

What is “flouting” in pragmatics?

Answer 5

When you are violating a maxim

Question 6

Explain the maxim of quality

Answer 6

that in a conversation, you say what you believe to be true and only what you have sufficient evidence for.

Question 7

Explain the maxim of quantity

Answer 7

Don’t be more informative than is needed by the purpose of the conversation, and don’t be less informative that is needed.

Question 8

Explain the maxim of relation

Answer 8

Discourse participants expect each other to stay on topic during a conversation.

Question 9

Explain the maxim of manner

Answer 9

Discourse participants seem to expect each other to be as clear, brief, and as orderly as possible when the make their contributions in a conversation.

Question 10

what is a locutionary act?

Answer 10

the actual utterance by the speaker
- the composition meaning

Question 11

what is illocutionary act

Answer 11

the intended meaning of the utterance by the speaker
- what the speaker intended to do by speaking those words

Question 12

Explain perlocutionary act

Answer 12

The action that results from the locution
- outside of semantics
- what we “do” to the world with words