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HEALTH 107 > Terms (Quiz 2) > Flashcards

Terms (Quiz 2) Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Social Class

A

Represents any important means of expressing distinctions within society.

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2
Q

Poverty

A

Denotes a lack of something.

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3
Q

The Theory of the Leisure Class (Thorstein Veblen - 1899)

A

Participating in “upper class” leisure activities is used to obtain status.

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4
Q

Conspicuous Consumption

A

Deliberate consumption of goods or services as a way to draw others’ attention.

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5
Q

Conspicuous Leisure

A

Engaging in leisure activities that suggest wealth and status.

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6
Q

Poverty

A

Generally thought of as the absence of access to something essential (material or service form).

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7
Q

Absolute Poverty

A

When people are not receiving enough resources to support or maintain their physical health over time.

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8
Q

Relative Poverty

A

Refers to the social context and can vary over time and place. Surviving but not thriving.

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9
Q

Low Income Cut Off (LICO)

A

Official Statistics Canada measure of poverty. Takes into account geographic areas, but generally marks income levels where people spend most of their income on food, shelter, and clothing.

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10
Q

Market Basket Approach

A

Estimates the cost of a specific “basket” of goods and services that are required to reach a minimum standard of living. The cost to live in a certain area and if people are meeting it.

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11
Q

Individual OR Pathological Causes

A

Poverty as a result of behaviour, choices, and/or abilities.

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12
Q

Familial Causes

A

Poverty resulting from family history or upbringing.

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13
Q

Agency Causes

A

Poverty as a result of the actions of others (ex. war, government, economy).

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14
Q

Structural Causes

A

Poverty is the result of not having access to power and resources in society.

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15
Q

Egalitarian

A

Everyone is interested in sport (sport ignores social class, racism, etc.).

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16
Q

Meritocratic

A

Persons with talent, regardless of social background, can succeed.

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17
Q

Social Inequality

A

Members of a social group have different amounts of wealth, power, or prestige.

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18
Q

Social Stratification

A

Hierarchically ranked attributes within the group.

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19
Q

Social Class

A

People occupying the same relative economic rank in a stratified social system.

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20
Q

Structural Functionalism (Sports)

A

Social inequality and stratification ensure efficient social processes. Incentives to achieve.

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21
Q

Conflict Theory (Sports)

A

Capitalism results in social inequality and exploitation. Those with wealth, power, and prestige resist change.

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22
Q

Children From Low-Income Households Are More Likely to Engage In

A

1) Physical contact sports.
2) Sports requiring little equipment.
3) Publicly funded sports.

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23
Q

Types of Spectators

A

1) Attendance at live event.
2) Watch or listen on TV/radio.
3) Fantasy sport involvement (betting).

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24
Q

Social Mobility

A

Movement of individuals from one social location in class system to another.

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25
Intragenerational Mobility
Mobility within one's lifetime.
26
Intergenerational Mobility
Mobility of children relative to parents.
27
6 Myths Regarding Sports
1) Sport provides free college education. 2) Sport leads to a college degree, yet fewer than half of college athletes graduate with a degree. 3) Professional careers is likely for successful athletes, but few make it. 4) Sport is a way out of poverty, especially for racial minorities. 5) Title IX provides women with opportunities for upward mobility. 6) Professional sport careers provide lifelong security.
28
7 Dimensions of Wellness
1) Social 2) Intellectual 3) Emotional 4) Occupational 5) Environmental 6) Financial 7) Spiritual
29
Capitalism
Economic activity to generate profit.
30
Capitalism Relies On
1) Minimizing cost production. 2) Maximizing consumption.
31
Role of State/Government
A complicated balance of managing economic growth and impacts on wellbeing.
32
American Dream
Emphasis on individualism and personal attainment to get ahead.
33
Stigma and Obesity
Blaming the individual.
34
Equality
Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination.
35
Equity
Any law, program, or activity could cause inequality as long as it is used to achieve equality.
36
Impairment
A physiological aspect that impacts someone's ability to do something. Ex. visual impairment.
37
Disability
When a socially created environment causes people with impairments to be disabled.
38
Healthy Immigrant Effect
When immigrants first come to a country healthier than the average citizen but over time, their health declines faster than the average citizen.
39
Cosmetic
A preparation, such as powder or a skin cream, designed to beautify the body by direct application. Something superficial that is used to cover a "deficiency" or "defect".
40
Cosmetic Fitness
Simply working out for the purpose of "looking fit".
41
Bodily Capital
Explains why people invest time, money, and energy into their bodies and what they expect to receive in return.
42
Fit (In Media)
Skinny. Doesn't always mean healthy.
43
Attraction
A construction based on an invention of the image one wants to assume to give rise to a bond with another person.
44
The "Looking Glass Self"
Our awareness of ourselves is the reflection of the ideas and opinions we imagine others have of us.
45
Types of Capital Gained From How the Body Looks
1) Economic Capital 2) Cultural Capital (people turn to you for something) 3) Social Capital 4) Symbolic Capital (recognition, what you symbolize)
46
Manhood
The state of being a man.
47
Masculinity
Represents the overarching beliefs, goals, and values that pattern and configure relations among men and between men and women.
48
Hegemonic Masculinity
Masculinity that is specific to a time, place, culture, and age of the individual.
49
Critical Periods Model
Adversity in early life and important or key developmental points across the lifespan are major influencers of disease risk (a specific period in time).
50
Pathway Model
Early life events essentially set people on a trajectory or pathway where subsequent life events build on earlier ones to either positively or negatively affect health and notions (overtime).
51
Cumulative Effects Model
The number of adverse events, clustering of these adverse effects, and the duration of exposure to the adverse events at different phases of a person's life has a cumulative effect on health over time.
52
3 Main Ways Manhood and Masculinity is Demonstrated
1) Educational Attainment 2) Socioeconomic Status 3) Social Class Status
53
Health Promotion
The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health.
54
Ottawa Charter Action Areas
1) Building healthy public policy. 2) Creating supportive environments. 3) Strengthening community action. 4) Developing personal skills. 5) Reorienting health services.
55
Building Health Public Policy
Protects the health of individuals and communities and makes it easier to make healthy choices. Done by legislative, regulatory, organizational, and taxation changes. Made by all levels and sectors of government along with health departments and other organizations. Ex. seatbelt/helmet laws, smoking restrictions, and workplace regulations.
56
Supportive Environments
Improving areas where people live, work, learn, and play to increase the ability of people to make healthy choices while in those settings. Ex. creating healthy workspaces, restricting junk food ads, and providing links to the environment (ex. walking/running programs).
57
Strengthening Community Action
The collective actions of the community to improve their health. Ex. community fun runs that promote physical activity, community kitchens that promote healthy eating, and support organizations that help people who live with HIV/AIDS.
58
Reorienting Health Services
To strengthen protective factors, reduce risk factors, and improve health determinants. Ex. stop smoking programs, health educator roles in medical centers, and improving access to healthcare.
59
Developing Personal Skills
Supports personal and social development by providing information, education, and life skills to enable people to make positive health choices. Ex. online education, teaching material, and health classes.
60
Ottawa Charter Strategies
1) Advocate 2) Mediate 3) Enable
61
Advocate
To use individual and social actions to obtain political commitment, policy support, and social systems to support a health goal.
62
Mediate
The process where different interests of individuals, communities, public, and private sectors are reconciled in ways that promote and protect health.
63
Enable
Health promotion activities to improve health are taken in partnership with individuals so that they are empowered to take actions to protect and promote their health.

HEALTH 107 (2 decks)

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