Terms to study for anth

Question 1

The cultural construction of whether one is female, male or something else

Answer 1

Gender

Question 2

The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex

Answer 2

gender roles

Question 3

The gender neutral way to refer to someone of Latin American origin or descent.

Answer 3

Latinx

Question 4

adopts the letter “e” from the Spanish language as a representation of gender neutrality.

Answer 4

Latine

Question 5

border

Answer 5

Frontera

Question 6

intense emotional release

Answer 6

Catharsis

Question 7

an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.

Answer 7

Capitalism

Question 8

a sociopolitical organization and economic system in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the government, rather than by individuals or corporations

Answer 8

Socialism

Question 9

A social system in which property is owned by the community and people work for the common good

Answer 9

Communism

Question 10

In Europe, after 1750, the socioeconomic transformation through industrialization

Answer 10

Industrial Revolution

Question 11

a global movement in society and culture that from the early decades of the twentieth century sought a new alignment with the experience and values of modern industrial life.

Answer 11

Modernism

Question 12

the principle that governments shouldn’t regulate private enterprise: free market forces should rule

Answer 12

Neoliberalism

Question 13

the historical period or state of affairs representing the aftermath of Western colonialism

Answer 13

Postcolonialism

Question 14

undoing of colonialism

Answer 14

Decolonialism

Question 15

The accelerating interdependence of nations in the world system today

Answer 15

Globalization

Question 16

extending or operating across national boundaries.

Answer 16

Transnational

Question 17

caused by humans and their activities

Answer 17

Anthropogenic

Question 18

Ecological anthropology

Answer 18

Ecological anthropology

Question 19

A culture’s set of environmental perceptions and practices

Answer 19

Ethnoecology

Question 20

the fact of originating or occurring naturally in a particular place

Answer 20

Indigeneity

Question 21

The deliberate suppression or destruction of an ethnic culture by a dominate group

Answer 21

Ethnocide

Question 22

Viewing identities that have developed historically as innate and unchanging

Answer 22

Essentialism

Question 23

Mestizo is a term used for racial classification to refer to a person of mixed European and Indigenous American ancestry.

Answer 23

Mestizaje

Question 24

A movement after modernism in architecture, now describes comparable developments in music, literature, and visual arts.

Answer 24

Postmodernism

Question 25

people who have spread out from an original ancestorial homeland

Answer 25

diaspora

Question 26

naiveness by virtue of originating or occurring naturally (as in a particular place)

Answer 26

Autochthony

Question 27

research approach for exploring the social interactions that take place in virtual environments.

Answer 27

virtual ethnography

Question 28

traced to Fernand Braudel. The ideal that a discernible social system based on wealth and power differentials, transcends individual countries

Answer 28

world system theory

Question 29

The main goal of colonialism is extraction of economic benefits from the colony.

Answer 29

Roots of colonialsim

Question 30

A stratified social order in which subordinates accept hierarchy as "natural"

Answer 30

Hegemony

Question 31

The dominate position in the world system, nations with advanced systems of production

Answer 31

Core nation

Question 32

The weakest structural and economic position in the world system

Answer 32

periphery nation

Question 33

The position in the world system intermediate between the core and the periphery

Answer 33

semi-periphery nation

Question 34

A conscious policy aimed at seizing and ruling foreign territory and peoples

Answer 34

Imperialism

Question 35

a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country.

Answer 35

colony

Question 36

A country with its own internal government but under the control of an outside sovereign power

Answer 36

protectorate

Question 37

An area in which an outside sovereign powers claim exclusive trading privileges

Answer 37

Sphere of influence

Question 38

A nation controlled more by private business interests than by another sovereign government power

Answer 38

economic imperialism

Question 39

Fieldwork in a particular cultural setting

Answer 39

Ethnography

Question 40

The comparative, cross-cultural study of human society and culture

Answer 40

Cultural Anthropology

Question 41

a carnivalesque dance troupe that emerged in Spain in the early 17th century

Answer 41

Matachines

Question 42

the combination of different forms of belief or practice

Answer 42

Indigenous syncretism

Question 43

an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States that created a trilateral trade bloc in North America.

Answer 43

NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)

Question 44

a Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer in the thinking of political economy and key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment. he was an 18th-century Scottish philosopher. He is considered the father of modern economics and is most famous for his 1776 book, "The Wealth of Nations."

Answer 44

Adam Smith

Question 45

transatlantic slave trade, or Euro-American slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas.

Answer 45

Atlantic slave trade

Question 46

is a K'iche' Guatemalan human rights activist, feminist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. she has dedicated her life to publicizing the rights of Guatemala's Indigenous peoples during and after the Guatemalan Civil War, and to promoting Indigenous rights internationally.

Answer 46

Rigoberta Menchú

Question 47

determined by the social class of the family. The early American colonists who had immigrated from Europe followed the standards of education that used in the 'mother countries' and were based on wealth and class.

Answer 47

colonial education

Question 48

Identification with, and feeling part of, an ethnic group and exclusion from certain groups because of affiliation

Answer 48

ethnicity

Question 49

the unique set of characteristics that can be used to identify a person as themself and no one else.

Answer 49

identity

Question 50

is a cross between two separate races, plants or cultures

Answer 50

hybridity

Question 51

a system of ideas and ideals, especially one which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.

Answer 51

ideology

Question 52

the imitation or depiction of aspects in the Eastern world. These depictions are usually done by writers, designers, and artists from the Western world.

Answer 52

Orientalism

Question 53

the study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation.

Answer 53

semiotics

Question 54

designates and identifies the colonial populations who are socially, politically, and geographically excluded from the hierarchy of power of an imperial colony and from the metropolitan homeland of an empire.

Answer 54

Subaltern

Question 55

The practice of collaborative research and action with people involved in a political struggle.

Answer 55

Activist anthropology

Question 56

"Refers to all people in this country whose ancestry is predominantly from one or more Spanish-Speaking countries" (Suzane Oboler)

Answer 56

Hispanic

Question 57

On January 1, 1994, the Zapatista Army of National Liberation coordinated a 12-day Zapatista uprising in the state of Chiapas, Mexico in protest of NAFTA's enactment.

Answer 57

Zapatista movement

Question 58

a region that is difficult to define. It is sometimes considered a geographic region that includes the entire Caribbean, I.e, all Western

Answer 58

Latin America

Question 59

the right or condition of self-government.

Answer 59

Autonomy

Question 60

period of time during which human activities have impacted the environment enough to constitute a distinct geological change.

Answer 60

Anthropocene

Question 61

The acculturative influence of western expansion on local cultures worldwide.

Answer 61

Westernization

Question 62

practice by which researchers and research participants together decide not to make particular information available for use within the academy.

Answer 62

Ethnographic refusal

Question 63

Spanish-language term that refers to the various attributes shared by Latin American people and their descendants without reducing those similarities to any single essential trait.

Answer 63

Latinidades

Question 64

quieting your brain and resisting the instinct to respond with your own thoughts.

Answer 64

Radical listening

Question 65

(in Marxist contexts) the capitalist class who own most of society's wealth and means of production.

Answer 65

Bourgeoise

Question 66

= states bordering either side of U.S.-Mexico boundary

Answer 66

(SWNR) southwest North America Region