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Reality TV > Terms Weeks 1-7 > Flashcards

Terms Weeks 1-7 Flashcards

1
Q

Reality TV vs Documentary ?\

A
  • RTV: enterainment, commercial, lowbrow/trashy, situations created for purposes of series, viewers approach with skepticism
  • Docu: education, unconcerned with profit, high brow, situations pre-exist the decision to film, viewers approach with belief, representation of actual events/people, want to persuade the viewer, creative treatment of actuality, historical world rather than an imaginary one
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2
Q

Raw Footage

A
  • record of an event that has been minimally influenced by the process of editing/filming
  • brings the viewer as close to the primary experience recorded by the filmmaker as possible
  • it is still not “reality” it is a representation
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3
Q

Mediation

A
  • Documentarian is the mediator between the viewer and the event represented by the footage
  • The degree and type of mediation vary and affects how we perceive raw footage
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4
Q

Fiction vs Nonfiction ?

A
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5
Q

“Discourse of the Real”

A
  • the reality displayed in reality TV is presented for entertainment, voyeurism, and pleasure; not to present news
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6
Q

Genres of Reality TV

A
  • legal (cops)
  • gamedoc (suvivor)
  • talent competitions (top chef)
  • dating show
  • lifestyle/home improvement
  • self improvement
  • social experiment
  • serialized docusoap
  • talk show
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7
Q

Broadcast Media

A

Audio/visual content distributed to a dispersed audience via any electronic mass communications medium “live TV”

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8
Q

Network

A
  • Central operation that provides programming to multiple television stations
  • Free tv
  • ABC, NBC, CBS
  • Up to the 1980s, programming was dominated by a small number of Networks
  • Fox came in became big, changing this
  • Dominant from 50s-80s
  • Sponsored model
  • We are being sold; advertisers want to sell us products
  • More beholden to cultural norms and expectations
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9
Q

Basic Cable

A
  • TV you pay for
  • Often bundled
  • CNN, MTV, TNT
  • Pay extra to get more channels
  • commercials
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10
Q

Premium Cable

A
  • Pay cable networks
  • Scramble or encrypt their signals so only those who pay for their cable can use it
  • Commercial free
  • More racey content
  • Dont have to adhere to the FCC’s rules
  • Showed more recent movies
  • Cinemax, HBO (1975), & Showtimes
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11
Q

Streaming

A
  • Not- broadcast (not live)
  • Deliver of video and audio content to a device through internet connection
  • First streaming event was a baseball game in 1995
  • Youtube (early 2005) allowed people to share illegally recorded TV shows
  • Normal by mid 2010s
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12
Q

Syndication

A

Licensing the right to broadcast tv, radio, etc. without going through a network

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13
Q

First-Run

A
  • When a tv show is first available for viewing by the public
  • season premieres, new episodes, etc.
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14
Q

Above-the-line talent

A
  • Guide, influence, and add to the creative direction and process of the series
  • Showrunners, Writers, producers, directors, and actors
  • tend to earn more money
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15
Q

Below-the-line talent

A
  • The rest of the cast and crew
  • Probably don’t know their names
  • Sound, lighting, cinematographer, editor, makeup/costuming
  • integral to the show
  • earn less
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16
Q

Network programmers

A
  • Put a TV Network schedule together
  • Decide when which shows air
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17
Q

Showrunners

A
  • Writer, executive producers, producers
  • Mold the creative vision for what the show will be
  • outranks the director
  • responsible for creative input
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18
Q

Anthology vs Episodic vs Serialized

A
  • Anthology: Different stories with different characters
  • Episodic: takes place in the same setting all the time, you can miss an episode and pop in, episodes can stand on their own, default format
  • Serialized: Episodes build off previous episodes and prepare for future ones, interlinked
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19
Q

Sitcom

A
  • 30min
  • situational comedy
  • originated on radio
  • live studio audience or laugh track
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20
Q

Drama ?

A
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21
Q

Scripted vs Unscripted

A

Pre-written lines versus improv

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22
Q

“The Golden Age of Television”

A
  • 1952-1980s
  • NBC, ABC, CBS
  • creation of efficient mechanism to fill out schedules with minimum financial risk and maximum profit
  • central operating structure was oligopoly
  • thrives by restricting competition and avoiding risk
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23
Q

“The unthinkable” ?

A
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24
Q

“operational aesthetic”

A

a text which can both entertain and teach at the same time

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25
Q

Neoliberalism

A
  • the rule of the market
  • cutting public expenditure for social services
  • deregulation
  • privatization
  • replacing ‘the public good’ with individual responsibility
  • reality TV era of helping people achieve their dreams
26
Q

John Grierson and the British Documentary Film Movement ?

A
27
Q

Allen Funt and Candid Camera

A
  • compared to the work of sociologists
  • what do we learn about human nature
28
Q

Stanley Milgram and the Yale experiments

A
  • obedience experiments
  • have a Teacher administer electric shocks to the Learner at the researchers orders despite hearing the protests form the Learner
29
Q

Philip Zimbardo and the Stanford experiments

A
  • Study on the psychological effects of prison
  • some participants were guards, other prisoners
  • ended after 6 days
  • guards got drunk with power
  • prisoners were depressed
  • ended after Zimbardo’s girlfriend came to do interviews and said it needed to be stopped
30
Q

Documentary

A
31
Q

Cinema Verite

A
  • Filmmaker provokes the subject
  • filmmaker is participant
  • French Film movement
  • can engineer scenarios that generate truth
  • filmmakers acknowledge their own medium in the filmmaking process
32
Q

Direct Cinema

A
  • Passive camera
  • “fly on the wall” filmmaking
  • impose minimal structure on the raw footage
  • emphasizes pure description over analysis
  • philosophy of non interference
  • 1) integrity of the event must be maintained; dont impact what you film
  • 2) there is inherent meaning; everything is interesting
  • 3) camera can record and reveal meaning without mediation from the filmmaker; the viewer makes their own sense of what they’re seeing
33
Q

Postdocumentary

A
  • Idea that we have reached a stage where documentaries look more like scripted content and vice versa
  • our ability to recognize the difference between the two has gotten blurier
34
Q

“television genres as discursive practices”

A
35
Q

soap opera

A
36
Q

“discourse of sobriety”

A
37
Q

“celebreality”

A
  • Early 2000s
  • Reality TV about the lives of celebrities
  • Idea of showing that extraordinary people were “just like us”
  • Beneficial/interlinked relationship with celebrity tabloid magazines
38
Q

high brow vs low brow

A
39
Q

ignominious bodies

A

people with excessive bodily behavior, actions, or structure

40
Q

Craig Gilbert

A
41
Q

Frederick Wiseman

A
42
Q

Margaret Mead

A
  • Anthropologist
  • Used to advertise the prestige of reality TV
43
Q

PBS

A
  • 1970- Present
  • Originally NET: National Education Television
  • Wanted to be different from commercial broadcast networks
  • Not advertiser-supported/created
  • Educational, enlightening programming
  • American Family had 10 million viewers per episode
44
Q

Cultural capital

A
45
Q

ordinary/expert/celebrity

A
46
Q

organic experts

A
47
Q

“money shot”

A
48
Q

emotional labor

A
49
Q

“tabloid”

A
50
Q

“masculine” knowledge vs “feminine knowledge”

A
51
Q

Structural convergence

A
52
Q

Vertical Integration

A
53
Q

Horizontal Integration

A
54
Q

National People Meter

A
55
Q

Glocalization

A
56
Q

Union Labor vs Freelance Labor

A
56
Q

Postnetwork Era

A
57
Q

Above the Line vs Below the Line talent

A
58
Q

Formatting vs Licensing

A
59
Q

First run syndication

A
60
Q

Timeline of Significant Events in Rise of Reality TV

A

1975: VCR is commercially viable

1987: Nielsen introduces the National People Meter

1988: Writer’s Strike

1989: Premiere of Cops and America’s Funniest Home Videos

1995: Fin syn rules abolished (Financial Interest and Syndication Rules)

1999: Premiere of Who Wants to be a Millionaire

2000: Who Wants to Marry a Multi-Millionaire airs

2000: Survivor premieres

2007: Writer’s Strike

Reality TV (1 decks)

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