terms5 Flashcards
(22 cards)
social benefits
1) more individuals to prevent food from competitors
2) predator defense (collaborate)
3) dont have to look for for a mate
social cons
1) increased predator risk (bigger group = more visible)
2) competition amongst social group for food + mates
3) easier for pathogens to attack
4 areas of sociality
kin, non-kin, group, between-group
altruism
action undertaken for the wellbeing + benefit of others (ex: give food to someone else in need)
Kin Selection
Based on genetic relatedness
Def: process by which individuals can increases their own fitness by helping relatives, even at a cost to themselves
Parent-Offspring Conflict
Parents and offspring have different evolutionary goals: parents want to maximize total offspring survival, while offspring want more resources for themselves
Infanticide
def: killing babies
commonly occurs when: 1) mom has difficulty supporting offspring 2) lack of father presence to support
Non-Kin Relationships
form of cooperation where individuals provide benefits to others w/ the expectation of receiving benefits in return for the future
Indirect Reciprocity
when you cooperate w/ someone despite that person defecting u, to protect reputation (3rd part forms pos. impression of u)
Cultures of Honor
Strong emphasis on defending personal + family reputation
dominance
motivates status - ability to assert control, intimidate, or coerce others within a social group
prestige
motivates status - based on admiration, respect, and the perceived competence, skill, or expertise of an individual. It is earned through positive social
evaluation and the voluntary recognition of one’s qualities by others.
Cooperative
coalitions
individuals or entities join forces
and collaborate to achieve common goals and mutual benefits
Ex: large game hunting, food sharing
Free-Riding
Def: Temptation amongst individuals to benefit w/out paying the costs (ex: JD Davison getting a ring w/ the celtics)
Takeaway: Group cooperation is higher when there is a system in place to punish perceived free riders
Coalitional Psychology
EMS that regulates within group cooperation and between group conflict
Out-group derogation
The tendency to view out-group members negatively.
In-group favoritism
The tendency to favor in-group members over out-group members
Out-group homogeneity
The tendency to perceive out-group members as more similar to each other than in-group members
Ultimate attribution error
The tendency to attribute negative behaviors of out-group members to internal factors and positive behaviors to external factors, while doing the opposite for in-group members.
In-Group Love
Motivates individuals to see members of their group in a positive light
cumulative cultural evolution/Transmissive Evolution
progressive accumulation + improvement of cultural knowledge and practices over time
Evoked Culture
Nature of cultural behaviors and their responsiveness to specific
environmental cues
