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Third Semester (BSMT) > TERNAV2 (PRELIM) > Flashcards

TERNAV2 (PRELIM) Flashcards

(99 cards)

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1
Q

Any object that can be easily identified and is used as a reference point to determine your position

A

Landmark

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2
Q

Natural Landmark

A

mountains, coastlines , islands , etc

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3
Q

Landmark can be

A

Natural Landmark and Man made Landmarks

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4
Q

Man made Landmarks

A

lighthouses, bridges,towers, buildings

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5
Q

The objects, devices, or systems that is used by the mariner to navigate safely through the waterways

A

Aids to Navigation

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6
Q

It indicates the areas of potential hazards to navigation

A

Aids to Navigation

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7
Q

It indicates the safe waters and navigable channels

A

Aids to Navigation

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8
Q

It provides a reference point to assist the mariner to navigate safely.

A

Aids to Navigation

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9
Q

A structure that emits a light to serve as an aid to seafarers

A

Lighthouse

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10
Q

It marks dangerous coastlines, shallow waters, rocks, wrecks, and safe entries to harbors

A

Lighthouse

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11
Q

Floating devices that are anchored to the seabed or moored in place.

A

Buoys

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12
Q

It serves as a visual marker to indicate navigational hazards, and marks the safe and unsafe waters

A

Buoys

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13
Q

Types of Buoys

A

Lateral Buoy, Cardinal Buoy, Isolated Danger Buoy, Special Mark buoy, EMERGENCY WRECK MARKING BUOY, Daymarks,

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14
Q

buoys that indicates the edge of the channel

A

Lateral Buoy

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15
Q

Its is marked with a specific top mark, light signal, shape, and color

A

Lateral Buoy

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16
Q

buoy that indicates the position of a hazard and the direction of safe water

A

Cardinal Buoy

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17
Q

The direction of safe water is indicated by the cardinal direction( N, E , W, S ) relative to the mark.

A

Cardinal Buoy

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18
Q

buoy that indicates a navigational hazard and warns the vessel to keep away from the danger

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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19
Q

It does not indicate the direction of safe waters

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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20
Q

The top mark consists of two black spheres in a vertical line

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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21
Q

It has an alternating horizontal black and red bands

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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22
Q

Used to identify the areas with special features

A

Special Mark buoy

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23
Q

the nature of such areas can be found by consulting the charts or Sailing Directions

A

Special Mark buoy

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24
Q

may indicate spoil grounds, military exercise areas, recreational zones, boundaries of anchorage areas, cables and pipelines, Dead ends, mooring areas, protected areas, marine farms or aquaculture, oil wells,ODAS(Ocean Data Acquisition System) which gather information about wind speed, pressure, salinity and temperature

A

Special Mark buoy

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25
It marks the position of a wreck or an unsurveyed danger
EMERGENCY WRECK MARKING BUOY
26
Unlike any other buoys, it is designed to provide a highly conspicuous visual and radio aid to navigation
EMERGENCY WRECK MARKING BUOY
27
fixed structure or buoy that has a distinctive color and pattern which provides a visual reference during hours of daylight
Daymarks
28
It is often positioned near navigational hazards or on land
Daymarks
29
A conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location that can be used to navigate safely.
Beacons
30
They are commonly used in conjunction with other aids to navigation, such as buoys or daymarks.
Beacons
31
When interrogated by a radar, it automatically returns a distinctive signal
Beacons
32
is the determination of position by advancing a known position for courses and distances
Dead Reckoning
33
the method used to forecast where the vessel will be, knowing the true course and speed alone
Dead Reckoning
34
The position determined is called a
DR position.
35
From a known position, it is the line along which a vessel is steered
Course
36
It is indicated by a circle around a dot, with a time notation
Fix
37
A position obtained by crossing 2 or more LOPs ( Line of Position)
Fix
38
Factors to consider when plotting a DR
* Course* Speed* Time* Distance
39
A DR shall be plotted every
* Once an hour, on the hour* At every course (and/or speed) change* Any time a line of position is established* At every fix the DR plot should be reset, and a new DR plot begun
40
DR positions are always
estimates
41
Keep in mind that there are _ that you need to consider in determining the vessel’s position overtime.
external factors
42
external factors
* Wind* Currents* Tides
43
can affect the vessel’s drift, causing it to deviate from its intended course to steer
Strong winds and ocean currents
44
can have an impact on the vessel’s speed and direction
Change in the height of tide
45
requires adjustments in navigation to determine the vessel’s position accurately
external factors
46
It is the speed relative to the water or how fast the vessel is moving through the water
Speed Through the Water
47
The vessel’s speed REGARDLESS of the external factors
Speed Through the Water
48
It is the speed relative to the ground
Speed Over Ground
49
The vessel’s speed CONSIDERING the external factors
Speed Over Ground
50
ALWAYS USE _ FOR COLLISION AVOIDANCE
STW (SPEED THROUGH THE WATER)
51
The direction in which a vessel is heading relative to the water.*
Course Through the Water
52
The direction on which the vessel’s bow is pointing, REGARDLESS of the external factors
Course Through the Water
53
The direction in which a vessel is actually moving, relative to the ground.
Course Over Ground
54
It takes into account not only the heading, but also the external factors
Course Over Ground
55
It measures the vessel’s actual track.
Course Over Ground
56
The Earth when cut up horizontally at the middle would give rise to a
circle of diameter equal to that of the Earth itself (assuming that the Earth were a sphere).
57
The Earth if cut up anywhere else horizontally would produce
circles which were smaller in diameter than the central circle
58
are circles on a sphere whose plane passes through the centre of the sphere
Great Circles
59
The vertical Great Circles are called the
circles of Longitude, or more correctly they are termed the meridians of Longitude
60
The vertical circles are thus
not parallel to each other.
61
is the angular distance from the equator, measured northward or southward at the poles.at the equator to 90°along a meridian from 0°
Latitude
62
between two places on the same side of the equator is half the sum of their latitudes
middle or mid-latitude (midLat.)
63
is labeled N or S to indicate whether it is north or south of the equator.
Mid-latitude
64
the latitude of the point of departure
Lat1
65
the latitude of the point of arrival
Lat2
66
the latitude of the vertex of a great circle or the limiting latitude in a composite great circle.
Latv
67
the latitude of any point on a great circle
Latx
68
is the angular distance between the prime meridian and the meridian of a point on the earth, measured eastward or westward from the prime meridian through 180°.
Longitude (Long.)
69
It is designated east (E) or west (W) to indicate the direction of measurement
Longitude (Long.)
70
the longitude of the point of departure
Long 1
71
the longitude of the point of arrival
Long 2
72
the longitude of the vertex of a great circle
Long v
73
the longitude of any on a great circle
Long x
74
The meridian of London at Greenwich
Prime meridian
75
This is the reference point for all astronomical and time calculations
Prime meridian
76
has a longitude of 0° and the meridians eastward to it are given a designation of EAST and all meridians west of the prime are designated as WEST
Prime meridian
77
between two places is the angular length of arc of any meridian between their parallels
difference of latitude (DLat.)
78
It is the _ of the latitudes if the places are on the same side of the equator
numerical difference
79
It is the _ of the latitudes if the places are on opposite sides of the equator
sum
80
between two places is the shorter arc of the parallel or the smaller angle at the pole between the meridians of the two places.
difference of longitude (DLong)
81
The distance between two meridians at any parallel of latitude, expressed in distance units, usually nautical miles, is called
departure
82
The length of the arc of a meridian between the equator and a given parallel on a mercator chart, expressed in units of 1 minute of longitude at the equator
Meridional parts (MP)
83
the meridional parts of the point of departure
MP1
84
the meridional parts of the point of arrival
MP2
85
This difference is found by subtraction if the two parallels that are on the same side of the equator and by addition if on opposite sides.
Difference of Meridional Parts (DMP)
86
Also referred to as meridional difference
Difference of Meridional Parts (DMP)
87
The length of a line joining two places or positions on the surface of the earth, expressed in nautical miles
Distance (Dist)
88
The angular direction measured clockwise or counterclockwise from 000° through 090° or 180°
Course Angle (C)
89
The reference direction (north or south) will be the
prefix
90
the direction of measurement (east or west) will be the
suffix
91
Is the intersection of the surface of a sphere and a plane through the center of the sphere
Great Circle
92
It is the largest circle that can be drawn on the surface of the sphere and is the shortest distance, along the surface, between any two points on the sphere
Great Circle
93
The point of greatest latitude on a great circle is called the.
vertex
94
The arc of the great circle between the points of departure and arrival
Great Circle Track
95
the most commonly used map projections, particularly for navigation purposes
Mercator Chart
96
It is useful for navigation because it allows for easy plotting of a course using a straight line on the map that corresponds to a constant compass bearing
Mercator Chart
97
When using Mercator Charts, you have to consider the _ as you move away from the equator, towards the poles
distortion
98
is a type of map projection where all great circles are represented as straight lines
Gnomonic Chart* Also known as a gnomonic projection
99

Third Semester (BSMT) (15 decks)

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