Terrestrial water

Question 1

the four classes of terrestrial water are:

Answer 1

• surface water
• groundwater
• soil water
• biological water

Question 2

surface water is

Answer 2

the free-flowing water of rivers as well as the water of ponds and lakes

Question 3

rivers act as

Answer 3

both a store and a transfer of water

Question 4

rivers are

Answer 4

a stream water defined by a channel

Question 5

rivers transfer water from

Answer 5

the ground, from soils and from the atmosphere to a store

Question 6

rivers make up only……….% of all water

Answer 6

0.0002%

Question 7

the average discharge of the amazon, the largest drainage system of all, is

Answer 7

209,000 cumecs

Question 8

the Amazon drainage basin is (size)

Answer 8

7,050,000 km2

Question 9

lakes are

Answer 9

collections of freshwater found in hollows on the land surface which is greater than 2 hectares in area

Question 10

any ‘lake’ smaller than 2 hectares is called a

Answer 10

pond

Question 11

the majority of lakes on earth are

Answer 11

freshwater and in the northern hemisphere

Question 12

Canada has…..lake

Answer 12

2 million

Question 13

weltlands are

Answer 13

areas of marsh, fen , peatland or water, whether artificial or natural, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing where there is a dominance by vegetation

Question 14

wetlands vary widely because of

Answer 14

regional and local differences in soils, topography, climate, hydrology, water chemistry, vegetation and other factors including human disturbance

Question 15

the world’s largest freshwater wetland system is

Answer 15

the Pantanal of South America

Question 16

wetlands are the main ecosystem in

Answer 16

the Arctic, covering 60% of the land surface area

Question 17

groundwater is

Answer 17

water that collects underground in the pore spaces of rock

Question 18

what is the depth threshold for groundwater?

Answer 18

4,000 m

Question 19

the deepest known groundwater borehole is in…………………….and is………………..deep

Answer 19

Northern Russia and is 13 km deep

Question 20

the water table is

Answer 20

the depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated

Question 21

soil water is

Answer 21

water which is held together with air in unsaturated upper weathered layers of the Earth

Question 22

soil moisture is a key

Answer 22

variable in controlling the exchange of water and heat energy between the land surface and the atmosphere through evaporation and plant transpiration

Question 23

soil moisture plays an important role in

Answer 23

the development of weather patterns and the production of precipitation

Question 24

biological water is

Answer 24

the water stored in all the biomass

Question 25

biological water is affected by

Answer 25

the vegetation cover and type

Question 26

the water stored in animals is

Answer 26

minimal

Question 27

water which trees absorb through their roots is lost by the process of

Answer 27

transpiration through the stomata in the leaves

Question 28

if vegetation is destroyed, then the climate becomes

Answer 28

more desert-like as evapotranspiration levels decrease and atmospheric moisture decreases

Question 29

atmospheric water exists in

Answer 29

all three states

Question 30

atmospheric water is responsible for

Answer 30

absorbing, scattering and reflecting incoming solar radiation