Test #1- 1 Flashcards by Hailey Fawson

What are qualities of metal

-high thermal electrical conductivity
-ductility
-opacity
-luster
*atoms in regular or crystalline arrangement
high atomic bond strength

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What are qualities of a crystalline arrangement

liquid to solid

3 spatial dimensions

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What are qualities of Ceramics/Porcelain

very brittle, high melting point, low thermal and electrical conductivity, not very chemically active

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What are ceramics/porcelain a combination of

kaolin, feldspar, quartz

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Molded without chemical reaction taking place; change takes place with temperature changes

thermoplastic- dental polymers

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a chemical change that takes place during molding

thermosetting

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a small organic molecule that can be bound to similar molecules to form a polymer

monomer

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material composed of many repeating units called monomers

polymer

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plastics are

synthetic

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rubber is

natural

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polymerization is

the conversion of low molecular weight compounds (monomers) to high molecular weight compounds (polymers)

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what contains 2 or more different monomers

copolymer

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what is a cross-linking agent

network of adjacent polymer chains, makes polymer stronger

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what is a composite

*dimethacrylic acid polymer

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What material is heavily filled and used for direct restorations, veneers, inlays cementation, and sealants

composite

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more fillers =?

increased strength

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what is the galvanic response

coupling of 2 dissimilar metals

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what is thermal conductivity

rate at which heat flows through a material

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what is solubility

ability to dissolve in liquid

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what is the liquid a substance dissolves in

solvent*

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what is the uptake of fluids into a solid

sorbtion/absorbtion

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when is sorbtion detrimental

when restorations or cement deteriorate

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What is the primary result of molecular interaction

result of from chemical bond

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what are primary molecular interactions based on

polyacrylic acid

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what is the secondary molecular interaction

physical forces with no chemical union | *most common

*what is the wetting angle

angle measured through the liquid at which a liquid interface meets a solid surface (how well a liquid covers the surface of a solid)

what does it mean when there is a high contact angle

less of the surface is covered, hydrophobic, less wetting

what contact angle does a good adhesive have

one that approaches zero

low contact angle=

hydrophilic, more wetting

what are some examples of material with a lower wetting angle

- impressions | - bonding agent

what is disintegration

- breaking up of a solid | - end process of fluid and material interactions

what is adhesion

attaching two solids together

what is the force of attraction between molecules or atoms on two different surfaces

adhesion

What are tensile forces on an object

forces are directed away from each other (stretched or elongated)

What is the ability of a material to resist pulling

tensile strength

what is the resistance in the material to the external force or ability to resist pushing

compressive

what is shear

ability to resist tearing forces directed parallel to eachother

what force is when one portion of a structure is forced to slid by another portion

shear

was the is the elastic limit

- measures the stiffness of a material | - maximum stress with out permanent deformation

what is AKA a proportional limit

elastic limit

compression=

denting

tension=

stretching

shearing=

bending

Torsion=

twisting

What is ultimate strength

point just before fractures

what is ductility

ability to be drawn into a wire

ductility= | low ductility=

elongation | brittleness

malleability

ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without fracture (compression)

Resilience

energy necessary to cause permanent deformation

toughness

ability of material to resist fracture

creep

gradual permanent change in dimension that occurs in an object due to constant loading, (flow after set, amalgam)

viscosity

ability of a material to flow

thixotropic

some materials have high viscosity but change with pressure (mixing, impression material)

What is Rockwell hardness (RHN)

depth of an indentation made with a steel ball, composites

what is knop harness (KHN)

measuring the length of a diagonal made with a diamond indenter (metals and porcelain)

Fatigue is created by

repeated application of stress to an object causing tiny cracks to be generated within the structure until failure occurs

*stress =

force applied to specific area

What are mouthguards made of

semirigid but soft plastics (resins)

these are made of thin sheets of material that are thermoplastic (soft molded) then becomes rigid and holds shape

mouthguard

what are splints used for

to distribute biting or grinding forces to prevent injury to teeth, alveolar bone or TMJ

what is a periodontal splint

used to transfer forces to adjacent teeth allowing compromised tooth support

what are perio splints made of

wire, mesh, metal or plastic

do applicable self test and crosswords about bleaching to prep for exam

what is designed to be placed on a tooth for a limited time to maintain integrity and function of dentition

temporary restoration

what materials are used for temp restoration

acrylic, composite, synthetic resins, ZOE

What do we have to be careful with, with acrylic resin temp restorations

they are exothermic and could damage pulp and surrounding tissue

what are examples of synthetic resins

acrylic, polymers, plastics

in acrylic resins what is added to the heat monomer and polymerization initiator to create a resin

methacrylic acid

what are some examples of acrylic resins

sealants, direct restorations, inlays, denture teeth, denture base and saddle, ortho appliances

what is a resin

a class of solid or soft organic compounds of natural or synthetic origin, high molecular weight most are polymers

what are examples of resins

polyvinyl, polyethylene, polystyrene

what is a synthetic

made my chemical synthesis, combining elements into a whole

what does ZOE consist of

zinc oxide particles, additives, eugenol

__________ is acidic and can irritate pulp, but also stimulates secondary dentin which insulates pulp

Eugenol

ZOE cant be used under what*

composite materials, inhibits polymerization

what as been used as a liner under amalgam restoration

ZOE

what is added to ZOE to increase strength

acrylic fillers

ZOE qualities:

soluble in oral fluids poor compressive strength porous

what does the sedative effect of ZOE determine

if a tooth is likely to respond well to permanent restorative efforts