Test 1- 1 of 3 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
The 1st scientist to explain the evolutionary process
Charles Darwin
Proposed the theory of natural selection
Georger Cuvier
Theory explained change in species by saying that events like the meteor that killed the dinosaurs were happening all the time in the past
John Ray
Established the system of binomial nomenclature
Homo Sapien
The binomial nomenclature name for humans
True/False: Catastrophism sought to prove the fixity of species by explaining how new species appeared
False
Charles Lyell
Theory said that the earth was far older than what was believed at the time
Darwin’s seminal work “On the Origin of Species” was published in ___________
1859
Said that a trait acquired by an animal during its life-time can be passed on to offspring
What is the theory called?
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Inheritance of Acquired Traits or Use and Disuse
This author’s writing about population and competition growth inspired both Wallace and Darwin
Thomas Malthus
Name 2 thinkers with opposing ideas
Jean Baptiste Lamarck and Carolus Lineaus
Name a set of thinkers where one thinker’s work contributed to the other’s
Thomas Malthus and Charles Darwin
Where did Darwin collect his observations?
What animal species in particular was he looking at?
The Galápagos Islands
Finches
Natural Selection
The mechanism of evolution
Does natural selection operate on individuals or species?
Natural selection selects for or against individuals, but evolution affects the population
Said that organisms respond to change by changing their biology
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Whose papers were resented at the Linnaeun Conference?
Darwin and Wallace
List the four tenets of natural selection
- More individuals are produced each generation that can survive
- Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable
- Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive
- When reproductive isolation occurs new species will form
What plant did Mendel use for his experiments?
Pea plants
A segment of dna that codes for a protein
Gene
What year did Mendel publish his results?
1866
What is the relationship between dna and a gene?
A gene is a section of dna
What is the relationship between a gene and an allele?
A gene codes for a specific item, alleles are the options for variation in that item
Difference between genotype and phenotype
Genotype- genetic makeup “genes”
Phenotype- physical features “Physical”
