Test 1

Question 1

Work that is fulfilling and socially useful is considered

Answer 1

c. a calling

Question 2

Psychologists who apply psychology’s principles to the workplace are referred to as

Answer 2

a. industrial-organizational psychologists

Question 3

The sequence in which babies master the skills of rolling over, sitting, crawling, and walking is the same around the world. This best illustrates the importance of ________ in motor development.

Answer 3

b. maturation

Question 4

A completely focused state of consciousness resulting from optimal engagement of one’s skills is called

Answer 4

d. flow.

Question 5

The scientific study of behavior without reference to mental processes was of special interest to

Answer 5

b. John B. Watson.

Question 6

Which historical school of thought in psychology focused on the structure of the human mind?

Answer 6

c. structuralism

Question 7

Inherited traits are to learned habits as the ________ perspective is to the ________ perspective.

Answer 7

d. evolutionary; behavioral

Question 8

Dual processing refers to processing information at the same time on separate ________ tracks

Answer 8

b. conscious and unconscious

Question 9

Which of the following focuses on building the knowledge base of psychology?

Answer 9

c. basic research

Question 10

Political officials who have no doubt that their own economic and military predictions will come true most clearly demonstrate

Answer 10

c. overconfidence.

Question 11

Hindsight bias, overconfidence, and perceiving order in random events often lead us to overestimate the value of

Answer 11

b. commonsense judgments.

Question 12

Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most
relevant to the ________ perspective.

Answer 12

b. evolutionary

Question 13

Making sense of the world can

Answer 13

a. help reduce stress.

Question 14

Debates as to whether biology or culture determine a person’s tendency to drink too much reflect the issue of

Answer 14

a. nature and nurture.

Question 15

Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults, they will have more difficulty controlling their anger.
Stacey’s prediction regarding anger management is an example of

Answer 15

b. a hypothesis.

Question 16

Oliver believes that it is our moral obligation to help those less fortunate than ourselves. Kohlberg would
suggest that this illustrates ________ morality

Answer 16

b. postconventional

Question 17

Parents who are often uninvolved are referred to as

Answer 17

c. negligent.

Question 18

18) A child’s realization that others may have beliefs that the child knows to be false best illustrates the
development of

Answer 18

a. a theory of mind.

Question 19

Which of the following has NOT been associated with experiencing abuse during childhood?

Answer 19

a. increased emotional intelligence

Question 20

One’s biologically rooted temperament helps form one’s enduring

Answer 20

b. personality.

Question 21

Jan acts so differently with her parents than with her girlfriends that she often thinks her personality is completely phony. Erik Erikson would have suggested that Jan is experiencing

Answer 21

c. role confusion

Question 22

The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by

Answer 22

c. Piaget’s cognitive development theory.

Question 23

During adolescence, maturation of the ________ lags behind maturation of the ________.

Answer 23

d. frontal lobes; limbic system

Question 24

“I don’t care whether you want to wash the dishes, you will do so because I said so!” This statement is most representative of a(n) ________ parenting style.

Answer 24

a. authoritarian

Question 25

Although 3-year-old Eric happily explores the attractive toys located in the doctor’s waiting room, he
periodically returns to his mother’s side for brief moments. Eric most clearly displays signs of

Answer 25

d. secure attachment.

Question 26

According to Abraham Maslow, ________ is the need to find meaning and identity beyond the self

Answer 26

d. self-transcendence

Question 27

Achievement motivation is the desire for significant accomplishment, for mastery of skills or ideas, for ________, and for attaining a high standard.

Answer 27

a. control

Question 28

The instantaneous and automatic fear response we experience when unexpectedly stumbling upon a snake

Answer 28

b. amygdala.

Question 29

Research suggests that school shooters are more likely than most to have

Answer 29

b. experienced social rejection

Question 30

Jerry is playing soccer this season because he wants another trophy. Clearly, he is driven by

Answer 30

b. extrinsic motivation.

Question 31

Although some people are more social than others, all people feel the deep need to belong.

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

We find it especially difficult to detect from other people’s facial expressions whether they are angry.

Answer 32

FALSE

Question 33

Abraham Maslow described the priorities in human motivation in a hierarchy of needs

Answer 33

TRUE

Question 34

If a gender-neutral face is made to look angry, most people perceive it as female

Answer 34

FALSE

Question 35

Passion and perseverance characteristics are associated with grit.

Answer 35

TRUE