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Testing & Prescription. > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What organization has over 50,000 members in 70 countries?

A

ACSM

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2
Q

Are there any benefits to joining ACSM?

A

Connections and Information

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3
Q

What certifications are offered through ACSM?

A

Certi. Exercise Phys.

Certi. Clini. Exer. Phys.

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4
Q

Certi. Exe. Phys. VS Certi. Clin. Exer. Phys.

A

Clin. has a Master’s degree required for certification.

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5
Q

What is Health?

A

Preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health.

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6
Q

What is Wellness?

A

Practicing healthy habit, and staying healthy.

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7
Q

Physical Fitness = __________ + __________

A

Skill Related & Health Related Fitness

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8
Q

What are the components of Skill Related Fitness?

A

Agility, Power, Speed, Reaction Time, Coordination, Balance

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9
Q

What are the components of Health Related Fitness?

A

Body Comp, Muscle Endurance/Strength, Muscle Flexibility, Cardiorespiratory Endurance.

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10
Q

What are the benefits of Physical Activity?

A

Improve Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function, Reduction of CVD Risk Factors, Decreased Morbidity & Mortality

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11
Q

Morbidity VS Mortality

A

Disease VS Death

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12
Q

Primary VS Secondary Prevention

A

Intervention before disease VS Intervention after Cardiac Event

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13
Q

What does a dose response of physical activity mean?

A

The more youare physically active, the more benefits.

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14
Q

Any risk with physical activity?

A

Very Little

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15
Q

What is the purpose of screening?

A

To address if they are able to perform study/program exercises

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16
Q

Self Guided VS Professionally Guided

A

PAR-Q vs Certi. Exer. Phys

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17
Q

How to screen and when may someone need medical clearance?

A

If they show any major sign or symptoms and physically not active.

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18
Q

What are the known disease? Is Hypertension one?

A

Cardiovascular diseases, Metabolic Disease, and Renal Diseases. No, it is a risk factor.

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19
Q

What are the risk factors and their cutoff values? Do they influence our decision when screening?

A

Age: MEN > 45; WOMEN >55
Fam His: FATHER before 55; MOTHER before 65
Cig Smok: Current, Prev Smoked (6mon), or Environ.
Phy Inac: Less than 150-75 min.
BMI: >30 or waist >102cm
BP: SBP >130mmHg OR DBP >80mmHg
Lipi: LDL >130mg; HDL MEN <40 or WOMEN <50; non HDL <130mg; TSC >200mg
Glu: Fasting >100mg

Neg:
HDL >60

No, they do not just a precaution.

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20
Q

Light Exercise, Moderate Exercise, and Vigorous Exercise?

A

Light: 30-39%
Mod: 40-59%
Vig: >60%

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21
Q

What are some common medications and their effect on exercise?

A

B-Blockers: Dec or None on CO, Dec. HR & Rest, Dec. BP, Inc. ExCap.

ACE-I: None on CO, None on HR & Rest, Dec. BP,

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22
Q

Systemic VS Pulmonary Circuits?

A

Heart VS Deoxygenated to Oxygenated Blood.

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23
Q

What is hemodynamics?

A

Movement of Blood

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24
Q

What is the Ficks Equation?

A

Vo2 = Q x (aVo2Diff)

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25
Q

What is Blood Pressure?

A

Force exerted on arterial wall

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26
Q

What is Total Peripheral Resistance?

A

Resistance to blood flow.

Viscosity, Diameter, & Length

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27
Q

Cardiac Cycle = ______ + _______

A

Systole & Diastole

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28
Q

What are the arteries that give blood to the heart?

A

Coronary Arteries

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29
Q

What is the formula for Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)?

A

MAP = 2/3 DBP + 1/3 SBP

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30
Q

What are the guidelines and difference categories for hypertension?

A 
Normal: <120 OR <80
Elevated: 120-129 OR <80
Stage 1: 130-139 OR 80-89
Stage 2: 140-159 OR 90-99
Crisis: >160 OR >100
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31
Q

Direct VS Indirect Measurement of Blood Pressure?

A

Catheter VS Cuff

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32
Q

Laminar VS Turbulent Flow?

A

Relax VS Pressured

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33
Q

How do you check blood pressure and with what equipment?

A

Sphygmomanometer

34
Q

How do you choose the correct cuff size?

A

Adult: <29cm
Adult Large: <30-41cm
Obese/Thigh: <41mc

35
Q

How does SBP and DBP respond to exercise?

A

SBP will increase linearly, DBP will have slight increase but not much.

36
Q

How does MAP respond to exercise?

A

Increases by small amount

37
Q

Blood Pressure termination criteria? Relative VS Absolute?

A

SBP <10mmHg OR No change in Exercise

DBP decreases by <10mmHg in Exercise

38
Q

Q = ______

A

Cardiac Output

39
Q

Q = ______ + ______

A

Stroke Vol. & Heart Rate

40
Q

How do we measure Heart Rate?

A

Corotid & Wrist palpations

41
Q

HR response to exercise?

A

Should Increase

42
Q

SV response to Exercise?

A

Increase linearly

43
Q

Q (Cardia Output) response to Exercise?

A

Increase Linearly

44
Q

What are the parts of the respiration process?

A

Inspiration & Expiration

45
Q

Active VS Passive Process of Ventilation?

A

Act = Inspiration

Pass = Expiratory

46
Q

Base Lung Volumes Capacities?

A

Tidal Volume = Volume per breath

Insp Reserve Vol. = Inspired beyond normal Insp.

Expi Reserve Vol. = Expired beyond normal Exp.

Resi Vol. = Volume remaining after max Expi.

Inspi Cap. = max volume that can be inspi after max expi.

Vital Cap. = max vol expired after max inspi.

Func Res Cap. = vol remaining in lung after expi.

Total Lung Cap. = total vol in lung at max inspi.

47
Q

What can we measure with spirometry?

A

Inhale & Exhale

48
Q

What is Charles’ Law?

A

High Temp = High Mix Vol

49
Q

What is Boyles’ Law?

A

High Press = Low Mix Vol

50
Q

What Gas Volume is better?

A

BTSP > ATPS > STPD

51
Q

What is Tiffeneau-Pinelli?

A

FEV1/ FVC

52
Q

What is the heart physiology and anatomy?

A

Chambers: Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle

Vales: Tricuspid & Mitral

Other: Pulmonary Trunk, Pulmonary Artery, Pulmonary Veins, Aorta, Lungs

Enters: Superior & Inferior Vevna Cava

53
Q

What are the intrinsic firing rates?

A

SA Node: 60-100bpm
AV Bundle: 40-60bpm
Purkinje Fibers: 20-40bpm

(PARASYNPATHETIC)

54
Q

What are the different waves of an EKG?

A

P wave, QRS complex, T wave

55
Q

What is the name of the 12-Lead placement?

A

Mason-Likar

56
Q

What are the 3 standard limb leads? and Views?

A

RA & LA & LL = Lead 1 (Triaxial System)
RA & LL = Lead 2
LA & LL = Lead 3

57
Q

What are the 3 augmented limb leads? And views?

A

(HexAxial System)

LA & LL to RA (aVR)
RA & LL to LA (aVL)
RA & LA to LL (aVF) [MOST COMMON]

58
Q

What are the 6 prepcordial leads? And views?

A

RA (1)
LA (2)
Between V2 & V4 (diagonally)
5/6th Rib (4) (5) (6)

59
Q

What is paper speed?

A

25

60
Q

How do you calculate rates/time?

A

R-R x 25 x 60 = BPM

61
Q

What are the following Dysahythmias? Wolf-Parkingson White Syndome? AV Blocks? Bundle Branch Block? Acute Infarction? Ischemia? PVCs? V-Tach? V-Flutter? V-Fib? PAC? A-Tach? A-Flutter? A-Fib?

A

Wolf-Park = Delta Wave in P Wave

AV Blocks = Morbitz 1 (Elong PRIs, Missing QRS, Block at AV Node), Morbitz 2 (PRIs unchanges, QRS missing at random),

Bundle Branch Block = Elongated QRSI due to depressed S wave

Acture Infarction = Decreased blood to brain (Stroke)

Ischemia = Lack of blood supply to organs

PVCs = Bigeminy (Nor, PVC, Pause, Nor…), Trigeminy (Nor, Nor, PVC, Pause, Nor…), Couplets (PVCs back to back)

V-Tach = 150-250bpm

V-Flutter = 250-350bpm

V-Fib = ARREST!

PAC = Early P wave, bumping last T wave

A-Tach = 160-250bpm

A-Flutter = 250-350bpm

A-Fib = 350-600bpm

62
Q

What are the relative and absolute testing termination criteria for EKG?

A

SBP failure to rise, HR abnormalities, Signs of Perfusion.

63
Q

What are normal responses of EKG to normal exercise?

A

HR increase with workload, Minor alterations of P wave, Short PR interval,

64
Q

What are some diseases that have a relationship to Obesity?

A

Diabetes 1 & 2

65
Q

What is Body Composition?

A

Strong relationship between obesity and other diseases

66
Q

What if the difference? BM? FM? Ess. Fat? Stor. Fat? FFM? LBM? BM%? Db? BS?

A

BM = FFM + FM

FM = BM (BM%/100)

Stor. Fat = Adipose fat arouund organs (insulation)

Ess. Fat = Lipids needed for functioning

FFM = All remaining mass after FM removed

BM% = % of body fat

BS = Body height when standing

Db = Body density (0.9 -1.1)

67
Q

What are the difference body comp. models?

A

Chemical (Most complex)
Anatomical
Behnke 2-Component
2-Component (Least complex)

68
Q

What is Hydro. Densitometry and Principles? Pros? Cons?

A

Archimedes Principle: Body submerged in water will float by force equal to body of water

Pros: Accuracy

Cons: Time, Equipments, Not subject friendly, Personnel, Db to BF%

69
Q

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)? Pros? Cons?

A

BIA: Total body water multi-component

Pros: Limited to potential tester errors, field testing

Cons: Accuracy greatly affected by biological factors, equipment is poor

70
Q

Air Displacement Plethysmography (BodPod)? Pros? Cons?

A

BodPod: Air instead of Water displacement

Pros: Far more convenient, subject friendly, reliable, reduce risk of error

Cons: Cost

71
Q

DEXA? Pros? Cons?

A

DEXA: Based on dual photon absorptiometry principle

Pros: Measures bone, fat, non-bone fat-free, pairs well with HW

Cons: very expensive

72
Q

BMI = ______/______

A

Kg & M^2

73
Q

What is Target Mass? How is it Calculated?

A

Patients desired weight with the help of preffered/normal value of BF%, used to lose or add weight.

TBM = Current FFM/1 - [(Desired BF%) / 100]

74
Q

Android VS Gynoid

A

Apple VS Pear Body Shape

75
Q

What is Ergometry?

A

Measurement of human physical performance.

76
Q

What is Energy?

A

Capacity to perform work

77
Q

What is Work?

A

Energy transfered by exerted force

78
Q

What is Power?

A

Rate of doing work

79
Q

Direct VS Indirect Calorimetry?

A

Heat output VS Heat by O2

80
Q

VO2 = ______ - ______

A

(V1O2) - (VeO)

81
Q

VCO2 = _____ - _____

A

(VeCo2) - (ViCo2)

Testing & Prescription. (1 decks)

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