Test 1 Flashcards
Ace the first test. 9/11/13 (67 cards)
What is trephination?
The medieval practice of drilling holes in the skull of a possessed person to supposedly release the invading spirit.
What is hysteria?
Means “wandering uterus” in Greek. Tx: strong-smelling substances
What is phrenology?
An old belief that by studying the shape of a person’s skill, you can determine their personality.
Who was Frank Mesmer?
Pre-Freud psychologist who believed that psychological disorders are caused by magnetic energy disruptions in the body. Tx: chemical baths, soft music, trance-like state, highly suggestive hypnosis. Poking points with iron bars to re-align magnetism
Who was Charcot?
A pre-Freud french neurologist who conducted research with hypnosis and was able to induce and cure hypnosis
Who was Josef Breuer
This psychologist introduced the cathartic method: under hypnosis, the patient would be open and uncensored and release strong emotions.
Who worked with Freud?
Breuer worked with him.
Who is credited for the development of psychoanalysis?
Freud is credited for the development of this.
Who was Philippe Pinel?
In the mid 1800’s, he was put in charge of the asylums in Paris and improved moral treatment of patients by giving them more dignity and tranquility, and by improving facility, training, and treatment.
Who was Dorothea Dix?
A school teacher who went to prisons to teach patients and was shocked by treatment of inmates in mental health prisons. This person led the moral treatment movement in the US for mental patients and founded over 30 hospitals.
What is the Id?
Psychodynamic term for raw, basic, unfiltered human desires
What is the ego?
Psychodynamic term for proper orientation to reality, taking into account both a person’s desires and moral compass.
What is the superego?
Psychodynamic term for the moral compass that surpasses basic human emotions and selfish desires.
What is object relations therapy?
A type of psychodynamic therapy in which therapist challenges clients to change patterns of negative internal models of relationships based on those had with parents, and other patterns in their lives that cause negative mental state.
What is self-actualization?
The natural positive tendency towards growth and pursuing personal needs and aspirations.
What leads to self-actualization and how can a therapist induce it in a patient?
non-possessive love, empathy, acceptance, and not judging leads to this natural positive tendency. To induce it, a therapist must show active listening, empathy, and unconditional positive regard.
What kind of therapy encourages self-actualization?
Humanistic therapy encourages the development of this tendency in a patient
What is the basis of existential therapy?
This type of therapy is based on facing the fact that life has no inherent meaning, and that death is inescapable. Patient must create meaningful life by accepting responsibility for own life and deciding what they themselves want to do.
What are humors?
An imbalance in fluids that flow through the body, thought to be reason for brain pathology.
Who was Hippocrates in relation to psychoanalysis?
He saw abnormal behavior as a disease arising from internal physical problems that he named “humors”
Who was Freud?
He developed the theory of psychoanalysis, specifically, he believed that unconscious psychological processes are at the root of such functioning.
What part of a neuron receives an impulse?
The dendrites do this.
What is the axon?
The long fiber extending from the neuron’s body that transfers a signal down the neuron
What is a synapse?
the space between neurons at which neurotransmitters transmit signals
