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binocular vision > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

which of the following laws suggests that under monocular viewing conditions, whenever two objects in physical space fall on corresponding lines of sight they will appear in the same visual direction

A

Hering’s identical visual direction law

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2
Q

what kinematic law states that there is only one unique tilt associated with any tertiary eye position provided rotation is about the y axis of Fick

A

Listing’s Law

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3
Q

the nuture theory of binocular visual development was proposed which of the following scientists

A

Helmholtz

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4
Q

which two of the following are consistent with chiastopic fusion

A

when occulsion of OD results in leftward displacement of the fused image
when the principal visual axes intersect in front of the plane of fixated target

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5
Q

hat form of dominance exists when a right handed individual with 20/20 distance acuity OD/OS reports that the image of binocularly fixated target moved much more if the left eye is occluded than when the right eye is occluded

A

motor dominance

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6
Q

what phenomenon is defined by the periodic extinction of component elements of the binocular percept as when orthogonal parallel lines are presented simultaneously to bothe eyes?

A

binocular rivalry

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7
Q

what visual phenomenon accounts for the birhgtness matching paradigm where the binocular brightness estimate is greater than the alebraic sum of the two monocular brightness estimates

A

facilitation hypothesis

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8
Q

to the nearest approximation, what fraction of 360 deg field in the human primate is monocular

A

33%

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9
Q

which of the following are monocular cues to depth perception?

A

motion parallax, size constancy, geometric shapes

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10
Q

what size constancy phenomenon is associated with “expansion adjustment” of the retinal image?

A

SOLI phenomenon

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11
Q

what form of dominance has the eye whose afterimage persists longer

A

sensory dominance

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12
Q

on the basis of probability summation theory, if the right and left eye detection probabilities for a given stimulus are 0.75 and 0.40, respectively what is the probability for binocular detection of the stimulus

A

0.85

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13
Q

on the basis of averaging hypothesis, if the right and left eye detection proabilities for a given stimulus are 0.75 and 0.40, respectively what is the probability for binocular detection of the stimulus?

A

0.575

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14
Q

which of the following visual phenomena provide evidence for hering’s nature theory of binocular vision development?

A

pressure phosphene and the local sign concept

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15
Q

what term defines the critical age when a child must be presented with the stimulus necessary for proper development of vision and the prevention of amblyopia

A

critical period

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16
Q

which of the following stimuli would give rise to binocular luster

A

fusion of similar but contrast - reversed retinal images that fall on corresponding points

17
Q

what aspect of binocular visual anomaly is measured using the stereo capimeter

A

zone of suppression

18
Q

what aspect of binocular visual anomaly is measured using the neutral density filter and vecctographic projection slide

A

depth of suppression

19
Q

what aspect of binocular visual anomaly is measured using the neutral density filter and vecctographic projection slide

A

depth of suppression

20
Q

efine time constant for drift component of fixation

A

time for the eye to decline 63% towards its rest position

21
Q

what animal species has the largest blind field

A

owl

22
Q

who proposed the decreased tension theory of accommodation

A

helmholtz

23
Q

what penomenon is expressed when the fused image appears to reduce in size as the demands for convergence and accommodation

A

SILO

24
Q

what phenomenon is invoked if in a partition experiment the nasal segment of a horizontal bar is determined to be physically longer

A

munsterberg phenomenon

25
Q

what binocular summation hypothesis is illustrated in this figure

A

averageing hypothesis aka no summation

26
Q

R and L are respective brightness estimates for the right and left eyes. while B is the binocular brightness estimate for the same stimulus. if L>B>R what binocular summation is this

A

averaging process

27
Q

what is the total estimated monocular field crescent in the human primate

A

60 deg

28
Q

if chiasmal cross over of optic nerve fibers is a direct measure for stereopsis, which animal species would have the lowest stereo acity

A

owl

29
Q

what empiricial data contradicts the law that states that no matter where any two objects are in physical space, if they fall on corresponding lines of sigh they must appear in the same visual direction

A

hering’s winodw pane expt

30
Q

pressure phosphene demonstrates the ability of a retinal receptor to distinguish its local stimulus from that of its neighbor is known as what

A

local sign

31
Q

when is fechner’s paradox invoked

A

monocular sensation of brightness is greater than the binocular brightness is greater than the binocular brightness

32
Q

what 3 statements are justified when a right handed observer w 20/20 dis VA OD / OD finds that a binocularly viewed distant target _____ eye than when the left eye was occluded

A

correlatvie dominance is expressed, motor dominance is expressed, right eye is dominant

33
Q

the fusion is chiastopic which THREE of the following statements are true

A

occlusion of OD results in leftward displacement of the fused image
principal visual axes intersect in front of the plane of fixated target
active divergence is required to eliminate retinal disparity

34
Q

what is the monocular field crescent for the right eye in normal humans

A

30

35
Q

what binocular visual experience results from the simultaneous fusion of contrast reversed stimuli

A

halo around fused image

36
Q

a left handed sharpshooters visual acuity has 20/15 OD and 20/25 OS but pulls trigger with his left finger while closing his left eye

A

general sensory dominance

37
Q

what is the theoretical reference center otr oculoccentric localization process

A

fovea

38
Q

what is the strongest monocular cue to depth perception

A

motion parallax

binocular vision (1 decks)

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