Test #1

Question 1

What are the major Chinese Dynastys?

Answer 1

xia then Shang (1766-1122 bc)• Qin 秦(221-206 B.C.E.) • Han 汉 (202B.C.E.-C.E.220) • Tang 唐(618-907) • Song 宋(960-1279) Northern Song(960-1126) Southern Song (1127-1279) • Ming 明Dynasty (1368-1644) • Qing 清(1644-1911)

Question 2

How many countries does China share a border with?

Answer 2

14 Countries also faces South Korea, Japan and Phillipines

Question 3

How large is the land frontier?

Answer 3

12,400 miles in length

Question 4

How far does the coastline extneds

Answer 4

about 8,700 miles

Question 5

How is the physical geoography devided?

Answer 5

3 tiers

Question 6

The first geographic level is?

Answer 6

Plateau of Tibet - qinghai with aveage height of 16,500 feet and is knows as the “roof of the world.

Question 7

Second Geogrpahic Level?

Answer 7

Several plateaus and basins from Mongolia to Yunan-Guizhou, average height betwwen 6,000 to 1,500 feet.

Question 8

Third Geographic Level?

Answer 8

From taihang mountain range to china sea, height below 1,500 feet.

Question 9

West is the what?

Answer 9

The Frontier

Question 10

The East is what?

Answer 10

China Proper

Question 11

Describe the East

Answer 11

Easter China has the heaviest population density and majority of the people are han. The consider themselves the center of China’s Civilization

Question 12

Descript the West

Answer 12

Western China has far fewer people and muc of them are minority population of tibetans, mongols, uygurs and other ethnic groups.

Question 13

North

Answer 13

North China has the yellow river. it is dry, but rainfall is sufficient for agriculture. wheat based diet, mandarin dialect, heavy industry

Question 14

South

Answer 14

The Yangtze river, wet-field ag. rice diet, hillside tea, rivers and lakes, rich dialects light industry.

Question 15

Describe Chinese climate

Answer 15

the limate is dominated seasonal movements of two ari masses, the winter monsoon from siberia nd the summer tropical monsoon from teh south and east china seas.

Question 16

How does the monsoons affect weather patterns between the north and south

Answer 16

Nprth is dry and cold. South is warm and wet

Question 17

The interaction of the two air masses of the monsoons frequently results in what?

Answer 17

Floods and drougtht

Question 18

China Territory

Answer 18

9,640,821 Km. sq.

Question 19

China Cultivated land

Answer 19

450,000 sp. miles (2% for animal husbandry)

Question 20

China Population

Answer 20

China 1.3 billion (majority is han)

Question 21

The Chinese mythical origin

Answer 21

Pangu 盘古 - Creator of all things the act of creation was a matter of forming an ordered pattern, not emergence out of nothing The above passage from an ancient text describes the beginning of all existences. Before the Heaven and Earth were separated, there was chaos—vast and unknowable—containing all the elements of creation. It took the form of moist darkness within a giant egg. At its heart Pangu, the creator, slowly came to life. Egg white became the Heaven and egg yolk became the Earth. Everyday, the sky grew one yard higher, the Earth one yard thicker and Pangu grew one yard taller. After 18,000 years, the heaven, earth and Pangu all reached to their utter most. All this time, Pangu axed and chiseled to see his task of separating the Heaven and the Earth done. When the task was completed, he lay down upon the Earth and his vast body dissolved and transformed into objects of our universe and human world.

Question 22

Who were the legendary soveriegns?

Answer 22

1. Huang Di (黄帝the Yellow Lord) 2. Yao (尭) 3. Shun (舜 4. Yu （禹）

Question 23

What was Huang Di (黄帝the Yellow Lord) known for

Answer 23

was believed to be the very first ancestor of the chinese and the very first of the five great pre-dynastic rulers who ruled china in the 3rd millennium bc

Question 24

what was Yao (尭) known for?

Answer 24

believed to have extraordinary admin talent and virtue. devised calendar and rituals

Question 25

What was Shun (舜) known for?

Answer 25

moral giant of his time setting examples for ehtics and morals

Question 26

What was Yu （禹） known for?

Answer 26

credited to have prevented floods (engineer dredged yellow river)

Question 27

What is the chinese essence of existence

Answer 27

order and harmony, reducing chaos to order

Question 28

What is the relationship between man and nature

Answer 28

parasitic, human takes from nature and is dependent on its resources.

Question 29

Gods vs human?

Answer 29

The Chinese attributes to a series of extraordinary individuals, not gods, the creators of their race and civilization,. These human beings exhibit the kind of virtues that the Chinese think of great importance in human society. The idea that rulers are heroes who contribute to the wellbeing of the community and its people became the cornerstone of Chinese political ethics.

Question 30

What are the major Archaeological finds?

Answer 30

homo erectus – over 1,000,000 years ago homo sapiens – ca. 100,000 years ago Palaeolithic era (= Old Stone Age) ca. 100,000 to 10,000 BC end of last ice age ca. 10,000 BC: favorable climatic conditions Neolithic era (= New Stone Age) ca. 10,000 to 2,000 BC several regional cultures Late Neolithic era (3,000 – 2,000 BC): increasing contact between regional cultures Anthropological Origin: Lantian Man (850,000-700,000 BC) Early Paleolithic age Homo erectus, found in two locations in Lantian county in central China. The Gongwangling fossils contained a skull, nasal bones, a right maxilla and three molars, all belonging to an adult, probably a female.

Question 31

What was a serf

Answer 31

person who performed labor in return for certain customary rights lord had legal right to command his serfs, including judicial autority over them

Question 32

Is the Chinese legacy certain?

Answer 32

no, many debates about the legacy of the chinese people

Question 33

Who are the chinese?

Answer 33

The question also has a cultural identity dimension. We need to recognize that on one hand, there is always a tendency to promote a common culture and way of life as expressed in dress, architecture, ritual and etiquette, family life, scholarship and public service. On the other hand, “Chineseness” is also created by the activities of ordinary people in local variations and customs which reinforced strong emotional ties to native places.

Question 34

the ethnic policies are?

Answer 34

contradictory

Question 35

what model of the chinese people exists?

Answer 35

multi-ethnic/multi-culturalist model

Question 36

describe the attributes of the ehtnic polices and major issues

Answer 36

Administrative structure of autonomous regions and prefectures Affirmative action incentives Retain ethnic cultural heritage Mono-ethnic/ culturalist model Promotion of national identify, instead of ethnic identity. Economic policies resulted in internal migration Chinese-centric culture Language issues China’s Population Issue Beach Scene: Qingdao

Question 37

How many Ethnic groups are there in China?

Answer 37

56, the Han Chinese are the majority

Question 38

Describe the Han

Answer 38

Refers to majortity ethnic group within china. Constitutes over 92% of the puplation. Synonamous with "Chinese"

Question 39

Descripe the Uighurs

Answer 39

Turkic ethnic group. live in NW region. Include Arab, Persian or Mongol decedents of Hui ethnic group 35 mil. muslims in china. Western Xinjiang region 90 percont are Uighurs and has been the central spot of conflict in recent years

Question 40

Describe Tibetans

Answer 40

5 Million. Complex relation to China, are the animonsitiese that separate them. own spoken and written languag based on script of Kashmir. Practice Lamaism Buddhism. (buddhism come to tibet in the 7th centruy through marriage of tibetan king Songsten Gampo to a Nepalian Chinese princes. Made state religion later) Prior to 1950s, feudal serdom system was in place

Question 41

What is the explanation for high population?

Answer 41

Cultural beliefs and practices. ancestors reverence. did not practice primogeniture.

Question 42

define Ancestor reverence

Answer 42

A Unique Chinese spiritual belief regarding the mutual dependency of the living and their dead ancestors hun and po dual souls. became internalized part fo chinese culture - reproductive dutry, emphasis on family, and respect and care for elders

Question 43

define primogeniture

Answer 43

first son gets inheritance. in china, all sons had equal inheritance rights

Question 44

Effect of not following primogeniture

Answer 44

incentives for having ones own family, had enormous implications on chinese economy. no was sacrificed, children were not pushed out to fend for themselse, but kept in the security of the family and its land

Question 45

What foods are produced primarly?

Answer 45

Rice, corn, sweet potatoes and oeanuts.

Question 46

Importance of rice

Answer 46

Introduction of higher-yielding rice seeds from vietnam around the 10th century enabled two or 3 crops a yers. ric is backbreaking business and demands human muscle

Question 47

What was the effect of New World Crops?

Answer 47

Corn, sweet potatoes, peanuts - nocompetitve with common grain crops - they could be grown in marginal areas such as on hill slopes and where soils were dry or sandy. food production doubled so did the population

Question 48

Fact on Chinese population issue

Answer 48

Pop (2010) - 1,330,141,295. ag structure: 0-14 - 19.8% 15-64 - 72.1% 65+ - 8.1%

Question 49

Population growth rate in china?

Answer 49

.494%

Question 50

What is the demographic transition theory?

Answer 50

based on the experiences of western European countries/populations, the model of demographic tansition suggestd that a populations mortality and fertility wrould decline as a result of social and economic development. it predicted that all countries would over time go through for demographic stages.

Question 51

What is the second phase of the transition theory?

Answer 51

-low death rate and high birth rate China entered second phase between 1950-1970. Population grew from 560 million to 790 million. introduction of a near-universal health care system created a dramatic reduction on death rate (1920-30s: 41 deaths per 1000, 1970s: 7.6 per 1000, 80% cut)

Question 52

Man Mouth vs man-hand

Answer 52

Government was unceratin and devided on mathusian or marxist ideas.

Question 53

Describe Mathus theory

Answer 53

"population, when unchecked, increases in geometric ratio. subsistence increases only in a rithmetic ratio" Human species would increase as the numbers 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 and subsitence as 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,... "population would always press against he means of subsistence, unless it was prevented by some very powerful and obvious checks"

Question 54

Marxist ideas

Answer 54

no such thing as overpopuklatio, the problem is the unequal distributing of goods and services. "if poor people were given control over the means of subsistence - equipment, knowledge, land and an adequate share fo the wealth - their production of goods and services would far surpass the growth of population.

Question 55

What is the third phase

Answer 55

-low birt and death rate enter by the late 1960s. government acknowledge the advers effects of rapid population growth.

Question 56

what is the "late-longer-fewer" idea

Answer 56

government campaign that encouraged having kids later in life, waiting longer for them and having less children. increased legal age of marraige to 25 for women and 27for men, promoted ocntraception and abortion in urban areas.

Question 57

when was onchild per family inplemented

Answer 57

1979

Question 58

what was part of the population policyes reason for creation?

Answer 58

shocked by 1 billion population. grain production increase at annual rate fo 2.3% consuption by .2%. 3 times more woman entering than leaving reproductive stages

Question 59

Describe the one child policy

Answer 59

was meant to curp the momentum of the population growth, was meant to be a temporary policy. goal was to keep population under 1.2 billion by 2000 (failed) both stick and carrot: mandated fines for unauthorized children, risk of losing jobs. montly allowance for one child, educational campaigns. free contraceptive,

Question 60

How was the one child policy changed for rural areas in med-1980s?

Answer 60

quota sytem was put in place. first child a girl, were allowed another attempt for a boy

Question 61

how is one child inforced?

Answer 61

coercive measure by local government. policy met resistance and ahs not been effective in the coutryside. is not applied to the minorities. fines are hard to inforce on rural areas. some areas of pension system to encourage low birth rate

Question 62

birth defects and one child law

Answer 62

special rights are given to those with birth defects, may have another child.

Question 63

why is pop growth a problem

Answer 63

rduced family saving rates, gov. difficulties in providing basic services to a growing population, need for more rapid growth in GDP to keep up iwth pop growth and amintina living standards.

Question 64

Describe some of the effects of the one child policy

Answer 64

300 mil birth averted. 300 mil would prduced 1.5 billion tons of co2 a year.

Question 65

Describe the human rights stance by china

Answer 65

understand the human rights issue, but believe the collective interests overide the individual interests. aware of socail problems of on-child policy (anti-social and spoiled since only child) aware fo demographic impact

Question 66

explain demographic impact of one child

Answer 66

altered age structure of China. deomgraphers consider a pop to be aged wthen 7% of the population is ovre 65, china reached this in 2001, will ager further from now on. four-two-one syndrom

Question 67

what is the four-two-one syndrom

Answer 67

one child to take care of parents, and both grandparents ie 4 grandparents on 2 parents supported by 1 child

Question 68

**Language** What is the character for Good?

Answer 68

好 :woman + Child = good

Question 69

**Language** **peace**

Answer 69

Women under roof = a women in the house means peace for family

Question 70

**Language** exquisite

Answer 70

Young women = young women is related to nature thus means exquisite

Question 71

**Language** Jealous

Answer 71

Women + house hold = jealous they gossip thats why

Question 72

**Language** slave

Answer 72

Associated with women

Question 73

**Language** **Adultry**

Answer 73

**three women together**

Question 74

**Language** love

Answer 74

Two hands holding a heart simplified lost the heart

Question 75

Yellow River Basin

Answer 75

Cradle of Chinese civilization he who controls the river controls everything