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Electronic Music > Test #1 > Flashcards

Test #1 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Additive Synthesis

A

creates timbres by adding sine waves

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2
Q

Aerophones

A

Any instrument that makes sound by causing air to vibrate

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3
Q

Alternating Current

A

electric charge periodically reverses direction

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4
Q

Amplitude

A

height of a wave

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5
Q

Analog

A

non quantized variations; any continuous signal for which the time varying feature (variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analogous to another time varying signal. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous voltage of the signal varies continuously with the pressure of the sound waves.

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6
Q

Attack

A

Initiation of a sound

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7
Q

Milton Babbit

A

Associated with the Colombia-Princeton Electronic Music Center

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8
Q

Luciano Berio

A

Founded Studio di Fonologia in Milan, Italy

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9
Q

Cahill

A

Founder of the Telharmonium

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10
Q

Channels

A

different layers of sounds/inputs/outputs in all electronic work

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11
Q

Chordophones

A

instruments that make sounds via vibrating strings

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12
Q

Cologne Studio

A

the city in Germany where WDR (Westdeutscher Rundfunk, radio station) was created in 1951 and Elektronishe Musik with Stockhausen and Meyer-Eppler

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13
Q

Colombia University Studio

A

Ussachevsky in charge and Luening associated

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14
Q

Colombia-Princeton Electronic Music Center

A

created with a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation and got the RCA Mark II; it came after the Columbia University Studio; Ussachevsky and Luening of Columbia and Babbitt and Sessions from Princeton

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15
Q

Compression

A

affects volume/dynamics

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16
Q

Cut-off frequency

A

a boundary in which energy flowing through a system begins to reduce

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17
Q

Decay

A

end of a sound

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18
Q

Delay

A

sound played again after a period of time

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19
Q

Depth of Field

A

front to back portion of the “cube”

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20
Q

Direct Variation

A

turning the tape around; retrograde

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21
Q

3 Types of Echo

A

Single channel reflection, dual channel reflection, and head-slap

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22
Q

Elektronishe Musik

A

Developed at Cologne Studio/WDR

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23
Q

Electrophones

A

Instruments involving electricity

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24
Q

Envelope

A

Attack, sustain, and decay

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25
EQ
Balances the highs, mids, and lows
26
Erase Head
erases content on a reel of magnetic tape
27
Fader
controls the volume on a mixer
28
Filter
an electrical circuit that emphasizes or eliminates some frequencies from a signal
29
Fourier
combined sine waves to make new sounds
30
Frequency
determines pitch
31
Group de Recherche de Musique Concrete (GRM)
Created by Shaeffer as a Paris school
32
Half-track Stereo
the left channel occupies half of the tape and the right channel occupies the other half; professional use
33
Helmholtz
determined pitch based on sine waves
34
Head Gap
the gap between the two metal rods in a head
35
Pierre Henry
worked with Shaeffer to develop Musique Concrete; he was the musician of the two
36
Hertz
cycles per second
37
Hi Shelving Filter
boosts the highs
38
Idiophones
instrument that makes sounds via vibrations; plucked instruments
39
Keane's "Essential Phases"
forming an objective, making sounds, listening
40
Left/Right Mix (Master Fader)
controls the signal strength of the board output
41
Otto Leuning
New York composer at Columbia University Studio
42
Loops
piece of tape that is played in continuous stream repeating
43
Low Shelving Filter
boosts the lows
44
Bruno Maderna
worked with Stockhausen at the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center
45
Toshiro Mayuzumi
introduced musique concrete to Japan
46
Membranophones
sound by vibrating a membrane (drums)
47
Werner Meyer-Eppler
At Cologne Studio/WDR/Elektronishe Musik with Stockhausen
48
Multitrack
being able to record several sources to create a cohesive whole
49
Musique Concrete
Manipulating found sounds
50
Nippon Houso Kyokai (NHK)
Japan's studio
51
Luigi Nono
eventually becomes main composer of Milan studio, Studio di Fonologia
52
Pauline Oliveros
she founded the San Francisco Tape Music Center (SFTAPE); post-war electronic music; coined the term "Deep Listening" and she is in the Deep Listening Band which specializes in performing in high resonance areas such as cathedrals; SHE PLAYS THE ACCORDION
53
Panning
positioning the sound in the left-right field of the "cube"
54
Period
one cycle
55
Phase
sounds playing together, synced
56
Quarter-Track Stereo
four tracks that work in pairs; for the consumer
57
Record/Playback Head
middle head on the HTR
58
Release
last part of the envelope
59
S.F. Tape Music Center
Founded by Morton Subotnick, Pauline Oliveros, and Ramon Sender; ended in 1969
60
Pierre Shaeffer
pioneered musique concrete at GRM (Group de Recherche de Musique Concrete) in Paris with Pierre Henry; he was the engineer of the two; "Radiodiffusion Française" (RDF, national radio broadcast) played his music in France
61
Minao Schibata
at NHK
62
Ramon Sender
at SFTAPE
63
Speed Variation
changes speed at which tape passes by the head gap, affects pitch
64
Splicing
cutting the tape
65
Stereo Field
left-right field
66
Karlheinz Stockhausen
Mainly at Cologne studio, later at Columbia
67
Studio di Fonologia Musicale
Milan's studio founded by Berio
68
Morton Subotnick
founded S.F. Tape Music Center
69
Sustain
middle portion of the envelope
70
Telharmonium
!
71
Trim
how much input goes into the microphone
72
Unity Gain
output that equals the input; "gain" itself means the ability of a circuit to amplify a signal from input to output
73
Vladimir Ussachevsky
founded Colombia Studio
74
White Noise
a signal that contains equal power within any frequency band with a fixed width; it is a statistical model rather than a specific signal
75
Creating a Head-Slap
Route output of Tape 1 to channel one of the mixer; Route channel 1 of the mixer to left input of Tape 2; Route output of left channel of Tape 2 to channel 5 of the mixer; Route direct out of channel 5 to right input of Tape 2; Route output of right channel of Tape 2 to channel 6; With Tape 2 set to input, play recorded material from Tape 1 and set levels on left channel of Tape 2 (set to input); once satisfied, switch Tape 2 left channel to REPRO; put Tape 2 into record ready position and start both machines with Tape 1 set to REPRO and Tape 2 recording to left channel but set to REPRO as well, Channel 2 should be set to input; Start tapes and set level for channel 2, stop, set channel 2 to REPRO; finally, both channels of Tape 2 armed and in REPRO, record example to Tape 2; Route channels 5 and 6 to L/R Mix and you should hear a close echo

Electronic Music (1 decks)

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