Test 1 Flashcards
(200 cards)
1
Q
Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are known as the
A
the formed elements
2
Q
Regulation of body heat occurs in the _______ system
A
muscular
3
Q
The physician order says to puncture the skin, which of the following would the phlebotomist perform?
Select one:
a. Venipuncture
b. Dermal puncture
c. Phlebotomy
d. Cut down
A
B
4
Q
What system maintains balance between water, salts and acids?
A
Urinary system
5
Q
Of the following, which is the least desirable, vein to use for venipuncture?
Select one:
a. median cubital vein.
b. cephalic vein.
c. basilic vein.
d. median cephalic vein.
A
C
6
Q
The process of clotting is called
A
coagulation
7
Q
what is the abbreviation for the blood group system?
A
ABO
8
Q
Laboratory tests used to assess the endocrine system include all of the following except:
Select one:
a. Aldosterone
b. B type natriuretic peptide
c. Cortisol
d. Erythropoietin
A
B type natriuretic peptide
9
Q
Which of the following is a digestive enzyme commonly tested for in the laboratory?
A
lipase
10
Q
Which of the following body systems provides support and allows the body to move?
A
skeletal
11
Q
The insertion of a needle into a vein for the purpose of withdrawing blood is
A
phlebotomy
12
Q
Oxia, capnia, pnea, and spiro are word parts that refer to what body system?
A
Respiratory
13
Q
Cardiac muscle is stimulated by what type of nervous system?
A
autonomic
14
Q
another name for platelet is
A
thrombocyte
15
Q
Pulmonary circulation refers to the
A
blood flow to the lungs and back to the heart
16
Q
The majority of CO2 is transported through the circulatory system from tissue cells to the lungs as
A
bicarbonate ions
17
Q
Red blood cells are known as
A
erythrocytes
18
Q
“RESPONDEAT SUPERIOR” is Latin for
A
Let the master answer
19
Q
If a patient feels threatened by the phlebotomist, he or she may bring suit under civil law for
A
assault
20
Q
In a court trial involving a phlebotomy-related nerve injury, a phlebotomy supervisor is asked to testify regarding the proper angle of needle insertion for a venipuncture. What angle range should the supervisor indicate?
A
15- 30 degrees
21
Q
A civil wrong committed against a person or property that causes physical injury or damage to someone’s property or that deprives someone of his or her personal liberty and freedom is called
A
tort
22
Q
Which one of the following is sufficient proof that deviation from a standard of care has occurred?
A
documentation
23
Q
If a phlebotomist fails to exercise the level of care expected of any reasonable phlebotomist, the phlebotomist could be charged with
A
negligence
24
Q
At the end of a labor and delivery nurse’s shift, a nurse leaves a woman in labor before the nurse’s replacement arrives. What kind of negligence does this constitute?
A
abandonment
25
Malpractice lawsuits are part of ____ law.
civil
26
When a physician is terminating the care of a patient, physician is
withdrawing from the case
27
A process in which the opposing sides in a legal course of action, choose a person outside of the court system, with special knowledge in the field, to hear and decide a dispute is
arbitration
28
What type of consent exists when an emergency procedure such as CPR is provided?
Implied consent
29
when a patient's leg healed incorrectly because of the way the cast had been applied is an example of _____ cause
direct
30
Blood specimens should be drawn according to standards of the
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
31
A patient has come in for a blood draw. The phlebotomist cleanses the patient's skin with a Betadine® swab and notices that the patient's skin has turned red and bumpy. What question should the phlebotomist have asked prior to the cleansing?
do you have an allergy to iodine
32
When using ergonomic principals when lifting, always
bend knees, keep back straight, do not stoop
33
Gloves worn for phlebotomy should be changed
Between each patient contact
34
Which of the following is an allergen commonly present in blood collection equipment?
Latex
35
Personnel drawing blood must follow Standard Precautions, which include all of the following except
Select one:
a. wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.
b. hand washing only when soap is available.
c. using needles with safety devices.
d. proper disposal of used needles.
B
36
Where is the most appropriate place in a clinical setting to find information on a substance's hazards and recommended safety precautions?
The MSDS
37
Which of the following statements is inaccurate with regard to the use of gloves when drawing blood?
Select one:
a. Gloves prevent contamination of the hands when handling blood or body fluids.
b. Gloves only protect the wearer against the transmission of viruses.
c. Gloves help prevent the transfer of infectious microorganisms from one patient to another.
d. Gloves prevent the transfer of microorganisms from the phlebotomist's hands to the patient.
B
38
What is the first step the phlebotomist should take if the patient faints or vomits during a venipuncture?
Stop the procedure immediately
39
__________ precautions reflects the concept that all patient blood and body fluids are contaminated?
universal
40
which fire extinguishers should be used when a fire occurs in or near electrical equipment?
class C or class ABC
41
The federal law designed to protect patient health information is
Health insurance portability and accountability act
42
Which agency should a medical facility contact for proper information regarding the disposal of medical waste?
OSHA
43
The chain of infection requires____
a susceptible host
44
National Patient and Safety Goals (NPSGs) are developed and maintained by
The Joint Commission
45
Personal protective equipment (PPE) includes which of the following items?
gowns, aprons, or gloves
46
A phlebotomist would help to prevent needle sticks by
using OSHA approved safety needles
47
Healthcare facilities achieve the greatest reduction in accidental exposures by requiring a combination of which of the following?
safe products and safe practices
48
There are many routes by which phlebotomists can be exposed to biohazards. Which of the following is not a common biohazard exposure route?
hand sanitizers
49
The physical transfer of an infectious agent to a susceptible host through close or intimate contact is
direct contact transmission
50
A machine that can send documents rapidly to locations outside the office is the
fax machine
51
is the home phone number required to be on a requisition form
No
52
What is an important reason to use proper labeling of laboratory specimens?
To help avoid testing delays
53
Which of the following devices answers calls for you and separates requests into categories so you can answer them efficiently?
automated
54
A caller listening to a recorded menu and, in response, pressing a number on the telephone keypad is an example of using
an automated menu
55
The processed information or data generated by a computer to be received by the user is referred to as
output
56
Which of the following information on a specimen label is not optional?
Select one:
a. Computerized barcode
b. Laboratory accession number
c. Volume of anticoagulant tube
d. Time specimen was collected
D
57
What is the study of an individual's concept and use of space?
proxemics
58
what would be scanned by a laboratory to identify patient or specimen
barcode
59
Some fax machines use thermal paper, which
reacts to heat and electricity
60
Which of the following would be used to store data outside the CPU?
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
61
The physician orders peak and trough blood specimens for therapeutic drug monitoring of a drug taken orally. You collect the peak specimen at the appropriate time. You should then instruct the patient to return for the trough specimen
Just before the patient takes their next dose
62
When you are on the phone with a caller and you need to pick up another call, it is appropriate to
ask the first caller if they can be placed on hold while you find out what the other caller needs.
63
_______ is verbal or nonverbal evidence that an individual received and understood a message
feedback
64
Facial expressions made by the phlebotomist are an example of
non-verbal communication
65
A patient calls on the phone that is very angry over a laboratory error. Which of the following responses would be best made by the phlebotomist?
Select one:
a. "I can't help you when you're angry. Please call back when you calm down"
b. "I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm sorry."
c. "I understand why you are upset. Let me see what I can do."
d. "Please calm down. I can't help you until you are reasonable."
C
66
When the phlebotomist identifies with their patient's feelings or thoughts, they are exhibiting
empathy
67
The process of communication occurs in a loop. Which of the following is not included in the communication feedback loop?
Select one:
a. Message
b. Sender
c. Feedback
d. Trust
D
68
Language limitations, cultural diversity, and hearing loss are examples of
barriers to communication
69
A telephone is ringing in an area of the laboratory in which the phlebotomy technician is the only person present. The technician should
answer the phone and immediately transfer to the proper department
70
A phlebotomist who completes all work and documents all of the day's activities before leaving for the day is demonstrating
professionalism
71
Insurance companies refer to what groups as primary care physicians?
family practitioners and internist
72
The world's largest publisher of scientific and medical information is the
American Medical Association
73
Which of the following use their eyes and hands to identify structural problems while supporting the body's natural tendency toward health and self-healing?
Doctors of Osteopathy
74
When a patient with the flu describes how he has been unable to sleep, the empathic phlebotomist most appropriately responds with
Select one:
a. "I feel sorry for you."
b. "It will get better soon."
c. "I know how the flu can disrupt sleep."
d. "You cannot expect to sleep when you are sick."
C
75
Which specialists reads electrocardiograms (ECGs) for hospital laboratories?
Cardiologist
76
Hemoglobin and hematocrit are analyzed in what department
hematology
77
Which of the following would require the most attention when scheduling specimen collection assignments?
Select one:
a. 24-hour urine specimens
b. Random urine specimens
c. Tolerance test specimens Correct
d. Urine culture and sensitivity specimen
C; tolerance test specimens
78
The term used to describe when the body is still at rest, approximately 12 hours after the last intake of food, exercise, or activity is the
basal state
79
A physician must be consulted prior to performing a venipuncture or capillary puncture on
a prior mastectomy patient
80
the most common type of urine sample that may be obtained at any time of the day?
random urine
81
How long does the College of American Pathologists (CAP) recommend discontinuing drugs that interfere with blood tests prior to a procedure
4-24 hours
82
The branch of surgery that works to maintain function of the musculoskeletal system is called
Orthopedics
83
Bilirubin concentration decreases by what amount following one hour of exposure to light?
50%
84
What is the name for finding employment opportunity information by talking with other people?
Networking
85
A medical subspecialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with conditions resulting from an unexpected medical crisis or accident is
Emergency medicine
86
residual urine is
urine that remains in the bladder after urination
87
The standard urine value for protein is
Negative
88
Which of the following is the most common injury occurring during venipuncture if the procedure is NOT performed according to standards?
Nerve injuries or hematoma
89
What is POCT?
Point of care testing
90
Exposure to light decreases concentrates in certain specimens. These specimens must be protected from light to prevent analytical errors. Which of the following needs to be protected from light?
Ammonia
91
What type of catheter is used to collect specimens or to instill medications?
Straight
92
Which of the following is a point of care test (POCT) used in diagnosing problems with hemostasis?
Bleeding times
93
The guaiac card occult blood test is commonly performed on what type of sample?
Stool
94
what is the single, most important factor in collecting an uncontaminated blood culture?
Proper collection site preparation
95
The most common venipuncture site is located in which one of the following areas?
Antecubital area of the arm
96
Which of the following sections is found in the Anatomical Pathology section of the clinical laboratory?
Cytology
97
Which urine collection method is most suitable for culture and sensitivity testing of microbes?
Midstream clean catch specimen
98
What type of catheter used for wound drainage, leads into the bladder ?
Drainage
99
If a small-bore needle is used with a large-volume tube to collect a blood sample, what if anything will likely take place with respect to the sample?
Hemolysis
100
Which type of catheter is inserted after plastic repair of the ureter and must remain in place for at least a week after surgery?
Splinting
101
Which of the following are associated with the procedure during which a sterile plastic tube is inserted to provide urinary drainage?
Catheterization
102
Arterial blood collected in a plastic syringe for arterial blood gas (ABG) testing that may be delayed in testing should be transported to the laboratory:
In an ice slurry
103
A minimum of _____ of a sputum specimen is needed for an acid-fast bacillus (AFB) test?
3-5mL
104
What amount of residual urine is considered abnormal
70 cc
105
Blood specimens that need to be shipped off-site by mail systems must be packaged in accordance with the
FAA & DOT
106
A sweat sample collected by forearm stimulation with the use of pilocarpine nitrate is a process known as
iontophoresis
107
A pregnant patient who tells you that she is having pain during urination or in the kidney area may be experiencing
urinary infection or kidney stones
108
When an outpatient reports a history of syncope the phlebotomy technician should
require the patient to lie down during the venipuncture
109
What is proper collection of a sputum specimen
Mucus is coughed up from deep in the lung and expel sputum into a sterile cup
110
A urine sample collected for a glucose tolerance test (GTT) must contain what additional information on the label?
Time of collection
111
Catheterization is performed for what reason?
To obtain a sterile urine specimen and to relieve urinary retention
112
A specimen that requires chilling for transport to the lab should be placed in
a container immersed in a slurry of crushed ice and water.
113
Testing for human chorionic gonadotropin assesses the status of
pregnancy in women
114
A quality fasting urine specimen is collected
8 hours after eating
115
Urinary tract infections are the most prevalent __________ infections
nosocomial
116
pneumatic tube is used when
transporting patient specimens to the hospital laboratory
117
A postprandial specimen is collected
Directly after a meal is consumed
118
what is the best technique to employ if blood is not obtained upon needle insertion?
Gently advance the needle or gently pull back slightly
119
The phlebotomist has to prepare a blood smear for a leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP). What is the correct procedure?
Select one:
a. Perform the skin puncture and touch the slide to first drop of blood
b. Perform the skin puncture and smear the slide with the first drop of blood
c. Perform the skin puncture, wipe away the first drop of blood and then touch the slide to the next drop of blood
d. Perform the skin puncture, wipe the first drop and then get a large drop and place in center of slide and place a cover slip over the drop
C
120
The term calcaneus refers to
the heel bone in the foot
121
An anticoagulant is used when collecting a sample for a blood glucose test because its ability to inhibit glycolysis. What colored stopper would be found on an evacuated blood collection tube used for this purpose
Gray
122
A falsely decreased blood alcohol level may be obtained if
The tube is only partially filled
123
Which of the following is of primary importance in preventing rolling veins during venipuncture?
a. Tightly apply tourniquet
b. Selecting median cubital vein
c. Using 23 gauge needle
d. Anchoring the vein while inserting the needle.
D
124
When blood collected in a syringe must be placed in evacuated tubes it is best if
a blood transfer device is attached to the syringe
125
To avoid contamination when should the needle cap be removed?
Just prior to performing the puncture
126
A fully-stocked phlebotomy tray readily accessible to the phlebotomy technician while performing venipuncture should include which of the following?
a. Needles of various sizes
b. Needle holder/adapter
c. Evacuated blood collection tubes
d. All of the above
D
127
The color-coded tube that is most frequently associated with hematological tests is
Lavender
128
Which of the following situations would most likely trigger hematoma formation?
a. Removing the tourniquet before removing the needle.
b. Filling the evacuated tube only half full.
c. Removing the needle while the tourniquet is still on the arm. Correct
d. Applying too much pressure on a puncture site
C
129
What color evacuated tube would be commonly used for coagulation testing?
Light blue
130
Which of the following would be the very first step in performing a routine venipuncture on a patient?
a. Identify the patient Incorrect
b. Identify yourself
c. Explain the procedure
d. Apply the tourniquet
B
131
If additive contamination occurred from an EDTA evacuated tube, what test would potentially be affected?
Potassium levels
132
The phlebotomist has prepared the patient's arm and found the basilic vein. Has the phlebotomist selected the preferred vein site for venipuncture?
No, the medial cubital vein is preferred
133
Specimens are scheduled for collection at specific times for different reasons. Which of the following is most likely not a factor?
a. Measuring the body's metabolism of the test substance
b. The substance exhibits diurnal variation Incorrect
c. Patients must be tested 2 hours before meals
d. To determine blood levels of medications prior to next dose
C
134
What abnormal color will be observed in serum collected from a patient with jaundice due to elevated bilirubin levels?
Yellow
135
Which of the following conditions would be most likely cause hemoconcentration?
Dehydration
136
The anticoagulant heparin is used in tubes with tops of what color?
Green
137
The phlebotomist would collect a blood sample in a tube containing the anticoagulant sodium citrate (which inhibits glycolysis) for which type of laboratory test?
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
138
Serum tube, heparin tube, EDTA tube proper draw sequence?
Yes
139
After the last tube is filled, which of the following is done next?
Filled tube is removed from the holder
140
A serum or plasma specimen containing abnormally increased fatty substances from animal or vegetable origin is described as
Lipemic
141
What instrument may be used when trying to visualize the veins during venipuncture?
Venoscope
142
By bracing the hand while holding the needle assembly against the patients arm you prevent
excess needle movement
143
a hematoma, and arm with and IV and an arm with a fistula are all areas where...
blood should not be collected
144
A blood sample is needed from a dialysis patient is it acceptable to draw from the hand vein
yes
145
If a vein feels hard and thready like when palpated, then this vein may be
sclerosed
146
A basal-state specimen, used to establish reference ranges for inpatients, is best collected
early in the morning, after fasting for 12 hours
147
As the phlebotomist, you have just completed drawing the last blood sample tube, you place gauze over the puncture site, remove the needle from the arm, activate the needle safety device and then release the tourniquet before applying pressure. Is this the correct sequence of steps?
No the tourniquet should be released first before the gauze pad is place over the puncture site
148
What antiseptic should the phlebotomy technician use to collect a blood culture?
Chlorhexidine gluconate
149
A skin puncture is preferred over a venipuncture when the patient
has severe burns.
150
which anticoagulants is found in a green-topped blood collection vacuum tube?
sodium/lithium heparin
151
Having patient bend elbow to apply pressure can cause
hematoma formation
152
NPO status of the patient and time of last meal is required to be on the label of a blood bank specimen
False
153
Apply firm pressure to the site of an arterial blood draw for how long
3-5 minutes
154
It is mandatory the patients phone number is on a label of a blood specimen collected for blood transfusion testing?
False
155
When a patient states that he or she has a needle phobia, the phlebotomist should
Have patient lay down during procedure
156
Which of the following tubes is normally used to collect a serum sample?
red top
157
You have to draw a 7 year old child for some blood work, what would be the best approach you should use when it is a child getting blood drawn?
Explain what you are going to do in simple terms and ask the child for his or her cooperation.
158
When blood is inoculated into blood culture bottles using a butterfly apparatus the is aerobic or the anaerobic bottle to be filled first?
aerobic bottle in inoculated first.
159
The main reason not to use expired evacuated tubes for blood specimen collection is
they may exhibit incomplete filling.
160
The phlebotomist has a patient who has no known allergies and in preparing the venipuncture site the phlebotomist uses iodine to clean the site. Is this the best antiseptic to use and the most commonly used antiseptic used to prepare a routine venipuncture site on a patient with no known allergies?
No, the phlebotomist should use 70% isopropyl alcohol.
161
The most common antiseptic for routine blood collection is
70% isopropyl alcohol
162
is placing a gauze pad over the venipuncture site and holding pressure for 5 to 15 minutes the correct procedure to stop bleeding?
yes
163
Preanalytical errors are mistakes made when?
before laboratory testing.
164
A phlebotomist most likely not use a butterfly for which of the following patients?
a. An elderly patient with thin skin
b. A wiggling child
c. A patient with resilient and bouncy veins
d. A patient with small, thin veins
C
165
Older patients are more prone to hematoma formation because
their veins have decreased elasticity
166
Partial penetration of the upper wall of a vein may
allow blood to leak into subcutaneous tissue by way of the needle bevel
167
To prevent glycolysis, which additive is used?
Sodium Fluoride
168
Which of the following would be first in the sequence of performing a finger stick procedure?
a. Sanitize hands and put on gloves.
b. Clean and air-dry the puncture site.
c. Select the puncture/incision site.
d. Warm the puncture/incision site.
A
169
Proper identification of a coherent adult inpatient includes
ask the patient their name and check the identification band that is physically attached to the patient.
170
Blood smears made from EDTA specimens must be prepared within ____ hour of collection.
one
171
An individual comes in for an autologous donation, what is this person coming to do
Donating their own blood for their own use
172
Color coding indicates a needle's
gauge
173
A collapsed vein will cause a
cessation of blood flow
174
The liquid portion of an anticoagulated blood specimen is called
plasma
175
If serum is left to remain on the blood clot for more than one hour, which of the following most likely will occur?
Serum glucose levels decrease
176
Swelling caused from blood leaking from a blood vessel is
hematoma
177
The most critical part of a blood culture collection is
skin antisepsis of the collection site
178
When is a phlebotomist allowed to use ankle veins to draw blood?
With a physician's order
179
Petechiae are tiny, non raised red spots on a patient's skin when the tourniquet is applied. This indicates, that
the venipuncture site may bleed excessively
180
If blood begins to flow and then stops when an evacuated tube is pushed into the needle the most likely cause is the
bevel of the needle resting against the vein wall.
181
You have properly prepared the antecubital venipuncture site, you have the correct collection device and enter the vein at a 20 degree angle. Is this the proper angle of insertion?
No, 30 degrees is the correct angle for the needle to be inserted into the skin
182
The heel is the recommended site for collection of capillary puncture specimens on infants and the phlebotomist is going to stick in the posterior curvature of the heel. Is this correct?
No the medial plantar surface of the heel is the best site to prevent possible bone damage
183
what is the most critically affected analyte in a hemolyzed specimen
Potassium
184
What is the preferred method for infant blood collection?
Capillary
185
Which of the following actions could cause the formation of a hematoma?
The needle penetrates all the way through the vein
186
Following venipuncture, which of the following should be applied to the venipuncture site?
Clean, sterile gauze pad
187
When palpating, a vein having which one of the following characteristics would be most appropriate to select for venipuncture?
Bouncy
187
Alcohol should be allowed to dry completely prior to skin puncture to
prevent lysis of red blood cells
188
During venipuncture, a hematoma may result from which of the following?
Needle bevel is partially inserted into a vein
189
Prior to bandaging the puncture site the phlebotomist should
examine the site for bleeding
190
When a patient develops syncope during a venipuncture, the phlebotomist should first
remove the tourniquet and needle and then call for help.
191
When is a phlebotomist allowed to perform a venipuncture on an ankle vein?
When all other options have been exhausted and the physician has given approval
192
How long should a tourniquet be placed around a patient's arm?
No more than one minute
193
How far above the venipuncture site should the tourniquet be wrapped around the arm?
3 to 4 inches
194
The color-coded tube that is most frequently associated with coagulation tests is
light blue
195
Why is it necessary to wipe the first drop of blood away when performing a capillary procedure?
to eliminate excess tissue fluid; To reduce interstitial fluid contamination
196
When performing a capillary blood collection, the first blood drop is wiped away because
the first drop typically has more tissue fluid
197
If a patient is critical or an antibiotic needs to be given right away, and two blood culture sets are collected
When more than one set of blood cultures are ordered to be collected at the same time, the second set should be obtained from a separately prepared site on the opposite arm if possible
198
Which substance has a higher concentration in capillary blood than in venous blood?
Glucose is normally higher in capillary blood compared to venous blood and Potassium, Calcium and Total Protein are normally lower
199
The process by which complex substances are broken down into simple substances is called
Catabolism
