Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

comparative politics > test 1 > Flashcards

test 1 Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Webers def of state

A

A human community that successfully claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Despotic power

A

the state elites coercively keep the means to undertake, without routine, negotiations with civil, social groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Infrastructural power

A

Capacity to regulate groups and implement policies across the territory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 dimensions of Inf. p: Capabilities Approach

A

The state has resources to eventually implement policies in civil society and exercise control across the territory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 dimensions of Inf. p: Weight of the state

A

the states effects on society after they use their resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 dimensions of Inf. p: Subnational variation

A

the ability of the state to exercise control within its territory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Infrastructural power as the capabilities approach

A

fiscal resources, number of teachers, number of soldiers, number of buildings, number of tax collectors,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Infrastructural power as the weight of the state

A

how many people speak the language of the country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Subnational variations of infrastructural power

A

spread of schools, military posts, local origin of conscripted peasants in the territory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

predatory view of the state

A

Predatory in a sense that it is an organization that uses violence and has to take resources from its people (taxes), the state wants to keep internal order defeat internal enemies and how states evolve over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The substantive view of democracy

A

the outcomes that they produce and not just the institutions that they have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

procedural view

A

classifies political regimes in regard to their institutions and procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

contestation/competition

A

how people organize themselves and create their opinions/platforms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

inclusion

A

the number of people allowed to participate in the contestant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland version of democracy

A

regimes in which governmental officials are filled as a consequence of contested elections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dahl’s definition of democracy

A

would be their consideration of the institutions that make up a government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

three components of contestation: ex ante uncertainty

A

the outcome of the election is unknown before it happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

three components of contestation: ex post irreversibility

A

the winner of the election takes office

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

three components of contestation: repeatability

A

elections happen with the same criteria and frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

four rules to operationalize democracy

A

-the chief executive is elected
-the legislature is elected
-more than one party competing in the elections
- an alternation in power under identical electoral rules has taken place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Democracy- dictatorship measure two components: governmental offices

A

democracy must have both a chief executive office and a legislature, which are both elected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Democracy- dictatorship measure two components: Contestation

A

opposition that has some chance of winning office as a consequence of the election

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The Polity IV Measure (Marshall, Gurr, and Jaggers) A

A

the competitiveness of executive recruitment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The Polity IV Measure (Marshall, Gurr, and Jaggers) B

A

the openness of executive recruitment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The Polity IV Measure (Marshall, Gurr, and Jaggers) C
constraints that exist on the executive
26
The Polity IV Measure (Marshall, Gurr, and Jaggers) D
the regulation of political participation
27
The Polity IV Measure (Marshall, Gurr, and Jaggers) E
the competitiveness of political participation
28
Freedom House’s concept of democracy
political rights and civil rights
29
Electoral principal
the role of elections as a mechanism for making rulers responsive (and/or accountable) to citizens
30
Liberal principal
the value of protecting individual rights against state oppression and unrestricted majoritarian rule
31
majoritarian principal
the will of the majority of the people should be sovereign. Accordingly, democracy is enhanced if political institutions ensure that the many prevail over the few
32
consensual principle
political power should be widely dispersed and formal political institutions should encourage the inclusion of as many political perspectives as possible in the decision-making process
33
participatory principal
embraces the values of direct rule and active participation by citizens in politic
34
deliberative principal
political decisions in pursuit of the public good should be informed by respectful and reason-based dialogue rather than by emotional appeals or coercion
35
egalitarian principle
a polity must ensure that all citizens possess equal capacity to influence policy decision
36
five components of the electoral principle
Elected officials, Clean elections, Freedom of expression + alt source of info, Freedom of association, Inclusive suffrage
37
Competitive authoritarianism not democracy because:
of Attacks on the electoral arena, civil liberties, and uneven playing field
38
Competitive authoritarianism
Multiparty and regular elections
39
Method of agreement
to see the result of the theory and see if all the cases share something in common
40
regime
guides the state regarding individual freedom and collective equality, where power should reside, how leaders are elected, and how power should be used
41
Competitive authoritarianism is NOT a democracy because of...
Attacks on the electoral arena, uneven playing field, attack on civil liberties
42
Four contextual variables that protect democracy
Strong check and balances, Institutionalized party system, no crisis, cleavage (lol) structure
43
3 dimensions of state capacity
extractive, coercive, and administrative capacity.
44
Traditional Coups
(1) illegal and overt attempts by (2) the military or other elites within the state apparatus to (3) unseat the sitting executive
45
components of state capacity
plentiful resources, administrative-military control of a territory, and loyal and skilled officials
46
extractive capacity
The extent of the state’s ability to collect tax revenue is a key component underpinning state capac- ity.
47
coerisve capacity
despotic’ power, refers to the ‘range of actions which the elite is empowered to undertake without routine, institutionalized negotiation with civil society groups
48
power vertical
the hierarchical subordination of regional governors and city mayors; the prohibition of open political competition between local elites; and the co-optation of regional elites into the ‘party of power
49
Administrative capacity
a range of state tasks such as developing policy, producing and delivering public goods and services, and regulating commercial activity
50
Charles Tilly def of state
relatively centralized, differentiated organizations, the officials of which, more or less, successfully claim control over the chief concentrated means of violence within a population inhabiting a large contiguous territory
51
Oliver North's def of state
A state is an organization with a comparative advantage in violence, extending over a geographic area whose boundaries are determined by its power to tax constituents.
52
4 primary activities of the state
war making, extraction, state making, protection
53
basic definition of “democracy” for the Varieties of Democracy
political way of government in which rule of law is determined by the people in some form or another
54
personality cult
although often supported by a party or the military, retains personal control of policy decisions and the selection of regime personnel
55
democratic erosion
incremental erosion of institutions, rules, and norms that results from the actions of duly elected governments
56
three interrelated causal factors for democratic erosion
- social and political polarization contributes to government dysfunction and lack of trust in institutions -effect of polarization on back- sliding -> capturing executive/ judicial -democratic backsliding is incremental in nature, which provides tactical advantage to incumbents
57
polarization
political elites and public become increasingly divided over public policy and ideology
58
four V-Dem indicators allowed an initial assessment of the level and path of polarization:
a general estimate of social polarization -the use of hate speech by political parties -the strength of anti system social movements -whether political elites respect counterarguments
59
three different sources of polarization
economic crises and structural changes induced by economic reforms, greater openness to trade, and skills-biased technological change
60
y polarization bad
-government is less likely to function efficiently -parties are more likely to become extreme -"us-versus-them" mentality in voters
61
executive control over the legislature
the weaker the legislature, the more susceptible the system is to backsliding (more control over policy/ laws)
62
gaining a legislative majority augmented the executive’s power in three ways
- eliminated an important source of oversight, easier for the executive to misuse bureaucracy/ deploy public resources -legislatures expanded/ extended executive powers, ex: constitutional amendments or the drafting of new constitutions -compliant legislatures acquiesced in steps that directly weakened or dismantled institutions of horizontal accountability

comparative politics (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions