Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

elderly > test 1 > Flashcards

test 1 Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are considerations when determining if meds are appropriate?

A
  • Extensive assessment
  • Patients med history
  • Clinicians knowledge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When meds are appropriate, what should you consider?

A

Dose- make sure its appropriate and acceptable to client, remember that elderly have diff doses than adults

Medication- review the meds they’re on, see what can be reduced or eliminated or any med interactions

Treatment plans- educate pt on drug and non drug options, all the side effects and how to manage/ take action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is Pharmacokinetics

A

the movement of drugs through the body, may be defined as what the body does to the drug, as opposed to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is pharmacodynamics

A

what effects the drugs has on the body,

which may be defined as what the drug does to the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how is absorption different in the elderly

A

delayed gastric emptying,

intestinal mobility decrease,

decrease gastric pH,

drugs sitting in syst long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how is distribution different in the elderly

A

less muscle mass after 35y/o, a lot harder, meds stored diff.

increased fat to muscle ratio, fat lipids sit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how is metabolism different in the elderly

A

decrease liver size, metabolize enzymes effected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is excretion different in the elderly

A

renal capacity becomes poorer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Centrally acting medicines

A

are meds that lower your heart rate and Bp, need to be careful in elderly bc it can cause slower heart rate, dizziness and headaches causing them to be lethargic & have a sedating fx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pharmacokinetics of centrally acting meds

A

one med affects the plasma concentration of the other medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are 2 syndromes of concern

A

anticholinergic
serotonin
and both are common in people w multiple meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are some strategies for safer med use?

A
  • Avoid and reduce use of meds when possible
  • Teach clients and families about alternative ways to manage the challenges & illnesses
  • Create a culture where medications are not always the answer or the only answer
  • Use a pharmacisy as a resource
  • Client education regarding safe administration
  • Old people in facilities, med reconciliation should be utilized
  • Blister packs
  • Med diaries
  • Regular med review
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is poly pharmacy

A

5 or more medications , its associated with risk of adverse outcomes like falls, facility, disability and mortality in older adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is The Beers Criteria

A
  • A list of potentially inappropriate meds for in older adults, they’re guidelienes for HCP to improve the safety or prescribing meds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what’s the argument FOR meds

A

Management of behaviours that pose risk for themselves or others

Deemed incompetent to make decisions about meds

Quality of life

Indication that it was needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

argument AGAINST med use

A

effect appetite, potential sedation

Better quality of life? – memories from past, sings,

One med to fix side effect of others

Provide good care first before taking an easy route out cause it might cause more harm

Treating underlying causes of behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what leads to poly pharmacy

A

as people age, they get more doctors for more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are symptoms of psychosis

A

Hallucinations
Delusions
Disordered or confused thoughts
Disorganised behaviours
Negative symptoms (reduction in motivation ,interest and or verbal expression)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is psychosis

A

Some loss of contact with reality’. This might involve hallucinations or delusions. in elderly it can present like hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought & speech pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is hallucinations

A

hearing voices/ seeing things/ sensation that someone is touching them/ experiencing smells that are not there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is delusions

Study These Flashcards
A

unshakeable belief in something untrue

22
Q

what are some primary psychiatric causes of psychosis

Study These Flashcards
A

Schizophrenia
Very-late onset schizophrenia like psychosis (VLOSLP)
Delusional disorder
Schizoaffective
Depression
Bipolar affective disorder

23
Q

what are some secondary causes to psychosis

Study These Flashcards
A

Delirium
Neuropsychiatric conditions (e.g. stroke, MS, epilepsy, encephalitis)
Certain prescribed medications
Alcohol and drug misuse/ withdrawals
Dementia
Alzheimer’s
Lewy body
Vascular

24
Q

what’s age appropriate assessment for psychosis

Study These Flashcards
A
  • thorough assessment
  • lab results
  • rule out: delirium, med and substance interference
  • MSE
  • comorbidities of med interactions
  • MRI
  • CT scan
25
how does psychosis differ from younger individuals
more somatic and visual hallucinations and delusions in older. bc vision and auditory changes happen as you age, need to rule out titans and stuff
26
how do you manage psychosis
typical antipsychotics- becareful of EPS atypical antipsychotics be careful of metabolic changes and Anticholinergic effects - titrate meds overtime - re-evaluate psychosis, individual risk assessment, goal setting, care planning
27
how does It differ from the young
1/2 the dose is prescribed for older people bc metabolism in elderly. - monitor cardiac and metabolic events due to higher susceptibility bc of age and manage different meds ( bc of poly pharmacy) - if clozapine is prescribed for everyone, monitor WBC , infections and sepsis
28
what is dementia
a decline in intellectual functioning sufficient enough to disrupt functioning in other areas of daily life
29
how does dementia progress
Dementia may progress from communication difficulties and limited attention span in early stages, to delusions and hallucinations, restless behaviour such as wandering, or even losing the ability to walk, sit up, or swallow in later stages
29
how do you assess for dementia
MMSE, MOCA, the GERRI which can be done by relatives clock drawing test ADL assessment fall risk assessment comprehensive geriatric assessment
30
what's the most common type of early onset dementia
alhzlmers
31
how does general alhzlmers dementia present
memory dysfunction executive dysfunction prominent apraxia
32
what are other ways EOD can develop
HIV, MS, huntingtons disease, Parkinson's disease and Down syndrome
33
compare EOD to LOD
EOD - more diagnosed w mood disorder - longer time between onset of symptoms and receiving a diagnosis (4.4years) LOD - higher rates of heart disease and BP
34
how do you manage dementia?
no cure, maintaining cognitive ability where possible, safety, and adapting to the ongoing progression - aiding in ADLs - medications - behavioural management - modifying diet textures and nutrients for maximized nutrition, - memory reinforcement/ training to slow the cognitive decline, - modifying environments to manage the occurrence of delusions and hallucinations - psychosocial supports and building community and belonging
35
additional difficulties EOD has compared to LOD
employment more likely to have a spouse and living in the same home - more caregiver burden
36
what are the 8 A's in dementia
- Attentional deficit - anosognosia - agnosia - aphasia - apraxia - altered perception - amnesia - apathy
37
what are the types of dementia
alhzlmers Lewy body vascular dementia front-temporal dementia mixed dementia
38
characteristics of dementia in elderly
cognitive decline - memory loss, language deficits, issues w/ spatial awareness behavioural changes - anxiety, depression, personality changes difficulties with ADL's
39
how does dementia present in younger vs older
younger - loss of executive functioning first - impulsivity, mood swings, aggression - faster progression - causes (traumatic injury, genetics infection/ disease) older - memory loss first - confusion, social withdrawl - slower progression - cause: age related
40
what does depressive disorder present as in elderly
lack of energy feeling numb no interest in activities they used to enjoy not too open about it tired grumpy irritability social isolation
41
age appropriate assessment for depression
MSE MoCa- used for dementia but can help rule out dementia so u can give a proper depression diagnosis mini MSE- screening for cognitive impairment Geriatric depression scale ( 60+) self-reporting beck hopelessness scale (17-80) life satisfaction index
42
how do u manage depression
SSRI CBT interpersonal therapy active lifestyle avoid alcohol
43
44
how does depression differ from younger
older adults demonstrate more agitation but they experience similar symptoms
45
does managing depression differ from younger ppl
older ppl often go with medical illnesses and conditions
46
what is depression
mental health condition that includes a persistent depressed mood and loss of interest in everyday activities and relationships
47
why is depression overlooked in older ppl
inaccurate beliefs about aging, stigmas, and a differing presentation of symptoms. This can lead to a misdiagnosis, such as dementia, and a lack of support for the elderly.
48
depression in young people
49

elderly (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions