Test 1

Question 1

Active Life Expectancy

Answer 1

Measure of the number of years a person can expect to live without a disability

Question 2

Activity Theory

Answer 2

Theory of aging which states that the psychological and social needs of the elderly are no different from those of the middle aged and that it is neither normal nor natural for older people to become isolated and withdrawn; also called the implicit theory of aging

Question 3

Adverse Mortality Selection Process

Answer 3

Those who are at a high risk of contraction life-threatening diseases die ealier, leaving a group of relatively healthy survivors

Question 4

Age Effect

Answer 4

A difference due to chronological age or life course stage

Question 5

Age Integration Theory

Answer 5

A theory that recognizes that societies have both age-segregated and age-integrated institutions that can either impede or enhance the participation of the aged

Question 6

Ageism

Answer 6

A systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old

Question 7

Age Stratification Theory

Answer 7

Underlying proposition is that all societies group people into social categories and that these grouping provide people with social identities; age is on principle of ranking, along with wealth, gender, and race.

Question 8

Age 30 Transition

Answer 8

One of Levinson’s developmental periods of adulthood, major tasks in this period are establishing a niche in society and developing competence in a chosen craft and then working at succeeding.

Question 9

Alzheimer’s Disease

Answer 9

Severe organic deterioration of the brain that affects memory, cognitive functions, and personality to a degree sufficient to interfere with normal activities and social functioning; symptoms include impairment of memory, intellect, judgment, and orientation and excessive or shallow emotions; the most THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF DEMENTIA.

Question 10

Arthritis

Answer 10

A chronic disease that causes joint inflammation and it’s consequences of pain, swelling, and deformity

Question 11

Chronic Disease

Answer 11

Condition in which there is no cure

Question 12

Chronological Age

Answer 12

Number of years a person has lived

Question 13

Classic Aging Pattern

Answer 13

Age-related declines in verbal and performance intelligence among people 60 or older

Question 14

Climacteric

Answer 14

The syndrome of physical and psychological changes that occur in midlife

Question 15

Continuity Theory

Answer 15

A more formal elaboration of activity theory; uses a life course perspective to define normal aging and to distinguish it from pathological aging

Question 16

Convergence Theory

Answer 16

A theory of aging that vies old age as a great leveler, which reduces inequality that was evident at earlier stages of the life course ( when young, you have all young friends. When you’re old, you have friends from all age groups)

Question 17

Cross-linkage Theory of Aging

Answer 17

A theory of biological again; states that the accumulation of cross linked collagen is responsible for many changes associated with aging such as the loss of elasticity of the skin, hardening of the arteries of the circulatory system, and stiffness of joints throughout the body.

Question 18

Disengagement Theory

Answer 18

The first formal theory of aging; the view hat normal again involves a natural and inevitable mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreasing interaction between an aging person and others.

Question 19

Early Adulthood

Answer 19

One of LEvinson’s development periods of adulthood; ages 17 to 45

Question 20

Echo Boomers

Answer 20

The generation of Americans born between 1977 and 1994

Question 21

Free Radical Theory of Aging

Answer 21

A theory of biological aging; the view that free radicals contribute to the aging process by forming age pigment and by producing cross-links

Question 22

Functional Age

Answer 22

A definition of age based on how people look and what they can do; in functional terms, a person becomes old when he or she can no longer perform the major roles of adulthood

Question 23

Gerontology

Answer 23

The scientific study of the biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging

Question 24

Health LIfestyle

Answer 24

A pattern of behavior based on choices and potions that are available to people according to their life situations; includes behaviors that directly affect health care, such as having checkups and complying with prescribed treatment as well as decisions about smoking, food, exercise, personal hygiene, alcohol use, and risky behaviors like unprotected sex

Question 25

Immune Function Theory of Aging

Answer 25

A biological theory of aging based on two discoveries: (1) Protective immune reactions decline with age, with the body becoming less capable of producing sufficient quantities and kinds of antibodies, and (2) The aging immune system mistakenly produces antibodies against normal body proteins, leading to a loss of self-recognition; as the immune system becomes less efficient, normal aging occurs.

Question 26

LIfe Expectancy

Answer 26

The average number of years people in a given population can expect to live; the mean age at death; a measure of the combined outcome of many births and deaths calculated by taking the sum fo the ages of death of all individuals in a given population and dividing it by the number of people in that population

Question 27

Life Span

Answer 27

The longest number of years any member of a species has been known to survive

Question 28

Middle Adulthood

Answer 28

One of Levinson's developmental stages; lasts from age 40 to 65 following midlife transition

Question 29

Middle-Old

Answer 29

People aged 75 to 84

Question 30

Normal Retirement Age

Answer 30

The age of eligibility for full Social Security benefits, presently 65; will rise to 67 in the twenty-first century

Question 31

Oldest-Old

Answer 31

People 85 or older

Question 32

Osteoporosis

Answer 32

Disease that causes the outside walls of the bone to become thinner and the inner part of the bone to become spongy; in the later stages, symptoms include a loss of height, back pain, and a curving of the upper back or spine, sometimes called a dowager's hump where spinal bones weaken and slowly collapse under the weight of the upper bones.

Question 33

Parkinson's Disease

Answer 33

A chronic brain disorfer that may occur as early as age 30 but is more commonly diagnosed among people 60 or older; signs include a slowing of movement, a stooped posture with the head forward, elbows flexed, a shuffling gait, slurred speech, and a noticeable tremor.

Question 34

Population Aging

Answer 34

Occurs when the proportion of older people relative to younger generations increases; a term that refers to an increase in the proportion of people 65 or older

Question 35

Qualitative Research

Answer 35

Based on open-ended interviews and observation of beharvior

Question 36

Quantitative Research

Answer 36

Relies on numerical summaries of the responses of many people and reports the results in statistical form

Question 37

Rheumatoid Arhtritis

Answer 37

Inflammation of the synovial membranes, which line the joint capsule and the cartilage that covers the bones

Question 38

Senescence

Answer 38

The study of the biological processes that cause mental and physical decline in old age

Question 39

Subjective Age Identity

Answer 39

How people subjectively define their age; most important factors in determining subjective age identity are activity level and health

Question 40

Successful Aging

Answer 40

The attainment of peak physical and psychological functioning and participation in rewarding social activities

Question 41

Wear and Tear Theory of Aging

Answer 41

A theory of biological aging; views the body as similar to a machine, like and old car or truck, that simply wears out

Question 42

Young-Old

Answer 42

People 65 to 74