Test 1 Flashcards
(35 cards)
What are the side effects of sulfasalazine?
Myelosuppression
Stomatitis
Parotitis
Periorbital oedema
What are the general causes of prolonged APTT?
Factor VIII deficiency
Factor VIII inhibitor
Anti-phospholipid syndrome
How can factor VIII deficiency be differentiated from factor VIII inhibitor?
50:50 mixing study
Which drugs inhibit VIII (by producing autoantibodies)?
Phenytoin
Penicillin
Sulfa drugs
What are acquired causes of factor VIII deficiency?
Pregnancy
Diabetes
Psoriasis
MS
SLE
Name 5 causes of a transudative ascites?
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Hepatic cirrhosis
Right sided heart failure
Nephrotic syndrome
Acute nephritis
Name 3 causes of exudative ascites.
Infection
Inflammation
Malignancy
How do bile acids cause diarrhoea post ileocaecal resection?
Decrease transit time
Increase motility
Deconjugated by bacteria to produce end products that stimulate water and electrolyte secretion
Why is flexible sigmoidoscopy indicated in diagnosing severe flare of ulcerative colitis?
To exclude CMV colitis, which is associated with a poor response to treatment and high relapse rate
What are the features of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?
Pruritus
Jaundice
Raised ALT, bilirubin, bile acids
What is the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?
Ursodeoxycholic acid
What are the features of acute fatty liver of pregnancy?
Liver failure - inc coagulopathy and encephalopathy
High foetal and maternal mortalities
What is the most sensitive test for acute/ongoing Hep B infection?
HBV DNA
What is the cause of jaundice in pernicious anaemia?
High bilirubin secondary to increased turnover of immature RBCs
What techniques identify DNA and RNA sequences?
RNA sequences - Northern blotting
DNA sequences - Southern blotting
What complement deficiency is associated with development of SLE?
C1 and C4
Overdose with which drugs is associated with a respiratory alkalosis?
Salicylates
Theophylline
Both respiratory stimulants
What is the biggest cause of death in Turner’s syndrome?
Rupture of thoracic AAA
What is the genetic cause of sickle cell anaemia?
Autosomal recessive
Replacement of valine with glutamic acid on position 6
Why is bleeding time normal in haemophilia?
Normal adhesion of platelets to the endothelium
Which drug can reverse alteplase and how?
Tranexamic acid
Inhibitor of the activation of plasminogen to plasmin, and inhibits plasmin at high concentrations
What is aplastic anaemia?
Pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow in the absence of abnormal infiltrate or marrow fibrosis
What is the most common congenital cause of aplastic anaemia?
Fanconi anaemia
Type of seizures associated with epigastric aura and early oral automatism?
Temporal lobe seizures
