Test 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Capture error
A
Error that occurs when a more practiced behavior automatically takes the place of a less familiar, intended one. Focus on a task is diverted elsewhere.
2
Q
Assumption error
A
Error that occurs when an essential piece of info cannot be verified.
3
Q
Selection error
A
Error that occurs when two or more options exist and the wrong option is chosen.
4
Q
Wrong dose error
A
Error that occurs when a dose is either above or below the correct amount by more than 5%
5
Q
Wrong time error
A
Error that occurs when any drug is given 30 minutes or more before or after it was ordered to be administered, up to the time of the next dose.
6
Q
Extra dose error
A
Error that occurs when a patient receives more doses than were prescribed by the physician.
7
Q
ac
A
before meals
8
Q
am
A
morning
9
Q
bid
A
twice a day
10
Q
c
A
with
11
Q
cap
A
capsule
12
Q
DAW
A
dispense as written
13
Q
D/C
A
discontinue
14
Q
g
A
gram
15
Q
gr
A
grain
16
Q
gtt
A
drop
17
Q
h or hr
A
hour
18
Q
IM
A
intramuscular
19
Q
IV
A
intravenously
20
Q
L
A
liter
21
Q
mcg
A
microgram
22
Q
mEq
A
milliequivalent
23
Q
mL
A
milliliter
24
Q
NKA
A
no known allergy
25
NKDA
no known drug allergy
26
npo
nothing by mouth
27
pc
after meals
28
po
by mouth
29
prn
as needed
30
q
every
31
qh
every hour
32
q2h
every 2 hours
33
qid
four times a day
34
qs or qsad
a sufficient quantity
35
stat
immediately
36
tab
tablet
37
tid
three times a day
38
ud
as directed
39
wk
week
40
ad
right ear
41
as
left ear
42
au
both ears
43
od
right eye
44
os
left eye
45
ou
both eyes
46
syr
syrup
47
supp
suppository
48
aq
water
49
parts of a label
brand name, generic name, dosage form, strength, package size, expiration dates, NDC, legend label, manufacturer, special storage requirements.
50
Oral
tablet, capsule, powder, effervescent salt, liquid
51
transmucosal
sublingual, buccal, ophtalmic, otic, nasal spray, suppositories
52
topical
ointment, cream
53
Inhalation
aerosol, solutions, micronized powders
54
Parenteral
IV, IM, subcutaneous, ID
55
Drug Delivery Systems
Delayed-release, extended release, matrix-controlled, osmotic pressure release, targeted drug, transdermal patch.
56
5 Rights
Right patient, right drug, right strength, right route, right time
57
Orange book
book used to determine drug equivalents
58
Drug Facts and Comparisons
reference book of clinical information for both prescription and OTC products
59
Red Book
book used in pharmacy practice and administration; is an all-purpose compendium of product and pricing info for Rx, OTC, and medical supplies.
60
Physicians Desk Reference
compilation of manufacturers' prescribing information on prescription drugs
61
HIPPA
law ensuring confidentiality of patient medical records including prescriptions.
62
Functions of a technician
- meet and greet patients
- enter patient and prescription info into database
- assist in filling, labeling, and recording Rx's
- operate cash register
- stock and inventory
- billing and resolving online insurance claims.
63
NDC number
- first section = 4-5# indicating manufacturer or distributor
- second section= 3-4# identifying drug and dosage form
- third section = 1-2# indicating packaging size and type
64
Semmelweis
handwashing with chlorinated lime water in maternity wards reduced death
65
Lister
introduced antiseptics into surgery with his use of carbolic acid for cleansing instruments
66
Ehrlich
introduced arsphenamine to treat syphilis. first chemical agent used to treat an infectious disease.
67
Banting and Best
Extracted insulin from the pancreas to treat diabetes.
68
Domagk
invented first antibiotic sulfa drug Protosil
69
Fleming
discovered penicillin
70
Black box warning
warning statement on the PPI and patient medication guide indicating possibility of serious or life-threatening adverse reactions
71
Product package insert (PPI)
information resource that is provided by manufacturers for the pharmacist and pharmacy technician, and not for the patient.
72
FDA approval process
1. Preclinical research - synthesis and purification, animal testing, institutional review board. Submit INDA
2. Clinical studies - 3 phases, NDA submitted
3. NDA review - review decision is made and approval is granted or rejected
73
FDA regulations
drug approval process, generic drug substitution, patient counseling, and adverse reaction reporting systems.
74
Hepatitis B
birth, 1-2 months, 6-18 months
75
Rotavirus
2, 4, 6 months
76
Diphtheria, tetanus, pertusis
2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, 4-6 years
77
Haemophilus influenzae type b
2, 4, 6, 12-15 months
78
Pneumococcal
2, 4, 6, 12-15 months, 2-6 years
79
Inactivated Poliovirus
2, 4 months, 6-18 months, 4-6 years
80
Influenza
yearly starting at 6 months
81
Measles, mumps, rubella
12-15 months, 4-6 years
82
Varicella
12-15 months, 4-6 years
83
Hepatitis A
12-23 months 1 dose, 2-6 years series
84
Meningococcal
9 months - 6 years
85
Things on an Rx
```
Full name of patient
date
drug name
dosage
route of administration
amount of drug
generics permitted
# of refills signature of prescriber
DEA if needed
```
86
Jonas Salk
Discovered the polio vaccine
87
Zero-order
fixed quantity is eliminated per unit time
88
first-order
constant fraction of remaining drug is eliminate per unit time.
89
Drug tolerance
condition where the body adapts to a drug so that higher doses are needed to produce the same therapeutic effect
90
psychological dependence
condition where a patient takes a drug on a regular basis because it produces a sense of well-being.
91
Physical dependence
taking a drug continuously so that when the medication is stopped, physical withdrawal symptoms occur.
92
addiction
compulsive and uncontrollable use of controlled substances
