Test 1

Question 1

Consensus Model

Answer 1

…

Question 2

Conflict Model

Answer 2

Selectively Enforced

Question 3

Two Types of Criminal Law

Answer 3

Substantive Laws

Procedural Laws

Question 4

Forms of Criminal Law

Answer 4

Statutory Law
Case Law
Common Law

Question 5

Two types of Legal Proceedings

Answer 5

Civil and Criminal

Civil - Plaintiff v. Defendant

Question 6

Difference in Burden of Proof

Answer 6

Civil - Preponderance of Evidence

Criminal - Beyond a reasonable doubt

Question 7

Defenses for Law Breaking

Answer 7

Mistake of Fact
Mistake of Law
Duress
Entrapment
Consent of Victim
Self Defense
Necessity
Immaturity
Intoxication
Insanity

Question 8

Motive vs. Intent

Answer 8

…

Question 9

Criminal Behavior Systems

Answer 9

Violent Crimes
Property Crimes
Organized Robbery and Gang Theft
White Collar and Corporate Crime
Organized Crime
Professional Theft
Hate Crime
Political Crime
Victimless Crime

Question 10

Criminal Homicide

Answer 10

Human being killing another human beings

Question 11

1st Degree Murder

Answer 11

With malice and forethought/premeditation

Or happens during the commission of another felony (Felony Murder)

Question 12

2nd Degree Murder

Answer 12

With malice and forethought, but not premeditated

Question 13

Manslaughter

Answer 13

You killed them, but without the intent

Question 14

Involuntary Manslaughter

Answer 14

You inadvertently causing the death of someone during the commission of an illegal act

Question 15

Criminological Theory

Answer 15

1 - explain patterns and how crime is developed

2 - provide a solution

Question 16

Classical Strain Theory

Answer 16

Zones of high crime rate correlated with “the business district”

• Conformists
• Innovators
• Ritualists
• Retreatists
• Rebels

Question 17

Conformists

Answer 17

Those who believe in societal goals and uses socially acceptable methods achieve those goals

Question 18

Innovators

Answer 18

Those who believe in societal goals and uses innovative, non-traditional means to achieve those goals

Question 19

Ritualists

Answer 19

Those who have given up on societal goals and has acquiesced to their position in society

Question 20

Retreatists

Answer 20

Those who have given up on societal goals and has retreated from society, living in seclusion

Question 21

Rebels

Answer 21

Those who want to change society, good or bad

Question 22

General Strain Theory

Answer 22

• Failure to achieve goals
• Removal of Positive Stimuli
• Presence of Negative Stimuli
• These things in actuality or simply perception of these things

Question 23

Deterrence Theory

Answer 23

• General vs. Specific
• Offenders are rational
• Swift
• Certain
• Severe
• Must have all three interworking

Question 24

Learning Theory

Answer 24

Differential Association Theory

• How and why to commit crimes
• Why the laws are ineffective/misplaced - why drugs should be legal
  
  • Justification for economically motivated actions
  • Assumes people learn behaviors from other, willing to learn, but what makes them so?

Question 25

Control Theory

Answer 25

Why people don't commit crimes Assumes people are hedonistic rats Social Bonds - attachment, belief, commitment and involvement - Church, school, parents, loved ones

Question 26

Routine Activities Theory

Answer 26

Three things converge to cause crime - Suitable Target - Motivated Offender - Absence of a Capable Guardian

Question 27

Biological Theories of Crime

Answer 27

``` Labeling Theory Thin ice - determinism Gene mapping - susceptibility Sociopath in New Zealand Determinism and the Constitution ```