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HIST 121 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

The National Community

A

a racially homogenous state; bringing in everyone who should belong to the state

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2
Q

Judenpolitik

A

a series of policies that were developed from 1933 on; all based on a Jewish-Bolshevik conspiracy

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3
Q

Semitic languages/people

A

a group of people who speak the same language

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4
Q

Religious Anti-Semitism

A

Greeks and Romans practiced polytheistic religions, Jews were considered disloyal

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5
Q

Temple of Jerusalem

A

burned by the Romans, but the Jews were eventually blamed

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6
Q

St. Augustine

A

reiterated that the Jews were responsible for Jesus’ death, the Jews were no longer the chosen people

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7
Q

The Blood Libel

A

accusation that Jews ritually sacrificed Christian children at Passover

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8
Q

Fourth Lateran Council

A

Canon 68 sought to eliminate sexual relations between Jews and Christians; Jews were made to wear a pointed hat or circular badge

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9
Q

Martin Luther

A

vilified the Jews after they wouldn’t convert to Christianity

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10
Q

Racial Anti-Semitism

A

appeared during the Englightenment

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11
Q

Karl Linnaeus

A

created the first system to include man with all other organisms; four races: Europeans, Asians, Africans, and Americans

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12
Q

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach

A

believed all people were of one species, but a hierarchy of perfection; Caucasian, African and Asian, American and Maylay

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13
Q

Aryan/Indo-European Languages

A

study of these languages led to their cultures being studied then compared to each other

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14
Q

Christian Lassen

A

labeled the Semitic people as having a separate culture and race from Aryans

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15
Q

Ernst Renan

A

described Semites as an incomplete race incapable of comprehending civilization, lacking courage, selfish, and intolerant

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16
Q

Joseph Arthur de Gobineau

A

asserted the superiority of the white race and that Aryans represented the apex of civilization

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17
Q

Houston Stewart Chamberlain

A

claimed that Aryans were responsible for everything positive in Europe

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18
Q

Wilhelm Marr

A

argued that over the past millennium, Jews had gained control of Germany

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19
Q

Edouard Drumont

A

argued that Jews were the primary cause of misfortune in France

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20
Q

Dreyfus Affair

A

Jewish soldier wrongfully convicted of espionage on shoddy evidence

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21
Q

Alexander III

A

came to power because his father was assassinated; popular sentiment blamed the Jews

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22
Q

Pogroms

A

violent attacks against the Jews encouraged by the police and government

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23
Q

Weimar Republic

A

had to define Germany; one common theme was that the people were its core

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24
Q

The Small German Solution

A

unified all lands excluding Austria

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25
The Large German Solution
unified all lands including Austria
26
National self-determination
group of people with shared commonalities have the right to be unified in one nation
27
Volk
term used by German nationalist; means people
28
Volkisch Movement
grew in response to the new Republican government
29
National Socialist German Workers' Party
founded by Anton Drexler; Hitler was ordered to keep an eye on the party and later joined
30
Anton Drexler
founded the Nazi Party
31
German National People's Party
wanted to see the restoration of the monarchy; Alfred Hugenberg
32
Alfred Hugenberg
associated with the German National People's Party; had a film and newpaper empire
33
Young German Order
combatted Bolshevism and promoted the renewal of a German nation without Jews; Artur Mahraun
34
Artur Mahraun
started the Young German Order; anti-Semitic but also anti-violence
35
Beer Hall Putsch
wanted to emulate the action of Mussolini in Italy; Nazis were met with the police who ended the march
36
Mein Kampf
Hitler made his radical Anti-Semitism very clear
37
SA
paramilitary arm of the party; banned after the putsch
38
SS
personally dedicated to Hitler, not the party; once ban lifted on the SA, it was placed under control of it
39
Thuringia
a tradition of indigenous Volkisch movements; Nazis had early success in this region
40
Propaganda
all good propaganda is based on truth; called for concrete measures against the Jews
41
Alfred Rosenberg
was put in charge of the Nazi party while Hitler was in prison
42
German-Austrian Alpine Club
a tourist and leisure organization; several branches of this club banned Jewish members
43
Protestant and Catholic Churches
both reinforced religious anti-Semitism; gave anti-Semitism legitimacy
44
Boycotts
called on people to not shop in Jewish businesses
45
Catholic Center Party
Hitler decided to work with this party, but the anti-Semitism would have to be toned down
46
Socialist and Communist Parties
would have made sense to team up, but there were unreconcilable differences
47
Paul von Hindenburg
disliked Hitler and refused to appoint Hitler as chancellor; was eventually convinced because he was assured Hitler would have no power
48
Enabling Act
once passsed, there was no reason for the Nazi party to restrain from violence
49
Article 48
allowed the president to take emergency powers
50
Nationwide Boycott of April 1933
was a failure because most people were indifferent
51
Law for the Reestablishment of a Professional Civil Service
paved the way for more laws to cater to the needs of the party
52
Reich Ministry for the Public Enlightenment and Propaganda
responsible for coordinating all aspects of culture
53
Joseph Goebbels
responsible for all party propaganda
54
National Socialist German Student's Association
branches in most universities; coordinated the Action Against the unGerman Spirit
55
Action Against the UnGerman Spirit
created lists of unGerman authors and sponsored Nazi party leaders to speak on campuses
56
The 12 Theses
drafted these to purify the German language and literature
57
Book burning
coordinated by university students to take place across the country
58
Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Diseases
was not uncommon at the time; laws were in effect aroudn the world; led to sterilization of 400K people
59
Concentration Camps
the idea was not novel; Cuba, South Africa, WWI
60
Munich
was an ideal location for the first CC because: 1) promity to the party 2) Himmler had police command over the region 3) an abandoned munitions factory was available
61
Protective Custody
passed after the burning of the parliament building; gave the police to arrest anyone without a trial
62
Hilmar Wackerle
SS officer and commandant of Dachau; his acts of violence were objected to by party leaders
63
Theodor Eicke
SS officer and commandant of Dachau; laid down guide lines for management, guard duties, etc?
64
Arbeit Macht Frei
"work makes one free"
65
Altenmuhr
no German-Jewish problems before the Nazis came to power; in just a few short months, there were problems; the Jewish burial
66
Gunzenhausen
tense German-jewish relatiosn before the Nazis came to power; Palm Sunday, a Jewish couple was arrested and their son was beat up; incited a riot
67
Hamburg
local party leaders wanted to create a Jewish business directory; Chamber of Commerce declined; party leaders took their own route
68
The Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith
felt that it could help the Jews contribute to German society
69
The Zionist Organization
believed it was impossible for German-Jewish symbiosis; wanted Jews to move to Palestine
70
National Agency of Jews
umbrella organization for all other agencies
71
Difficult Emigration
many German and U.S. laws made it nearly impossible to emigrate
72
Rhineland Bastards
term used to classify the children born of African soldiers occupying the Rhineland after WWI
73
Ernst Rohm
executed on the Night of the Long Knives
74
Night of the Long Knives
a series of political murders carried out by the Nazi party

HIST 121 (1 decks)

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