Test 1

Question 1

1066

Answer 1

year of Norman invasion; beginning of French influence; French became language of courts; brought with it the feudal system

Question 2

Feudal System

Answer 2

Noblemen held land from the king, knights got land from n-blemen, serfs and peasants worked the land from the knights

Question 3

three estates

Answer 3

“those who fought”
“those who prayed”
“those who worked the land”

Question 4

mystical social body

Answer 4

peasants and laborers as feet; knights as right hand; merchants as left hand; townspeople as heart; kings, princes, and priests as head

Question 5

Black Death

Answer 5

plague during the mid 14th century that wiped out 35-50% of the population

Question 6

Rising of 1381

Answer 6

aka the Peasant’s Revolt; led by peasants and renegade priests; swiftly put down; instilled fear in aristocrats

Question 7

Old English Heroic Poetry

Answer 7

poetry that emphasizes the heroic tradition, which tended to be associated with paganism; had to do with battles and revelry and dying for your lord

Question 8

Old English elegy

Answer 8

describes ups and downs of fortunes of life

Question 9

ubi sunt

Answer 9

“where are” or “where have they gone” … relevant to the Wanderer

Question 10

Arthurian Romance

Answer 10

emphasized chivalry, knights, honor

Question 11

pilgrimage

Answer 11

traveling to a place of religious significance for religious purposes

Question 12

Middle English

Answer 12

12th-15th century; more influence from French words; writers wrote about religion, love, and Arthurian romance, with the exception of Chaucer

Question 13

mystical writings

Answer 13

writings that had mystic themes where an individual undergoes a religious experience that extends their consciousness and changes their life

Question 14

anchoress

Answer 14

someone who withdraws from secular society to lead a prayer-oriented life

Question 15

the Passion

Answer 15

the sufferings of Christ

Question 16

Reformation

Answer 16

Henry VIII abandoned Catholicism and made the Church of England the official religion

Question 17

Renaissance

Answer 17

1500-1700; means “rebirth”; reviving thoughts of classic Greek and Roman writers; learning became accessible to ordinary people instead of just religious

Question 18

Virgin Queen

Answer 18

Elizabeth I

Question 19

Shakespearean Sonnet

Answer 19

consists of 3 quatrains (ABAB) followed by a couplet

Question 20

alchemy

Answer 20

practiced during and after the era of Ben Jonson; goal was to turn base metal into gold

Question 21

Philosopher’s stone

Answer 21

substance capable of turning metal into gold; also thought to be the elixir of life

Question 22

pattern poem

Answer 22

poem with a shape that contributes to its meaning; “Easter Wings” by George Herbert

Question 23

conceit

Answer 23

extended comparison

Question 24

Metaphysical elegy (give example)

Answer 24

draws on Latin tradition (love and sex) rather than lamenting things that have passed away, “To Mistress Going to Bed” by John Donne

Question 25

Petrarchan Sonnet (give example)

Answer 25

Itallian Sonnet that consists of an octet, a turn, then a sestet; the octet is 2 quatrains of ABBA(x2) and the sestet is 2 triads of CDE(x2); "When I Consider How My Light is Spent" by Milton

Question 26

English Civil War

Answer 26

when the Puritans revolted against Charles I and formed a republic with Oliver Cromwell at head

Question 27

Commonwealth

Answer 27

aka Interregnum; lasted from 1649-1659; led by Puritans and Oliver Cromwell

Question 28

Cavalier Poetry

Answer 28

wrote in support of the crown and spoke out against parliamentarians

Question 29

pastoral elegy (give example)

Answer 29

idealized rural life, emphasizing innocence, "Corinna's Going A-Maying" by Robert Herrick

Question 30

pathetic fallacy (give example)

Answer 30

when human emotions are attributed to nature; "Lycidas" by John Milton

Question 31

Spanish Armada

Answer 31

occurred in 1588; defeated by English; troops inspired by Queen Elizabeth I

Question 32

carpe diem (2 examples)

Answer 32

"seize the day"; "Corinna's Going A-Maying," by Herrick, "To His Coy Mistress" by Andrew Marvell

Question 33

Oliver Cromwell

Answer 33

led the commonwealth

Question 34

blazon

Answer 34

anatomization of the female body

Question 35

felix culpa (give example)

Answer 35

a happy fall; in terms of Eden; "Easter Wings" by George Herbert

Question 36

metaphysical poetry

Answer 36

described a reality beyond what is visible to the senses; philosophical and spiritual subjects approached with reason; characterized by elaborate conceits