Test 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
John Locke
Helped write the Declaration of Independence.
Said that the governments purpose was to serve the people by protecting life, liberty, and property.
He came up with checks and balances to limit government power.
Articles of Confederation
The United States first constitution.
It was thrown out because of representation, slavery, and interstate commerce.
Had a weak central government.
New Jersey and Virginia Plans
Larger states wanted representation based on finances and defense while smaller states believed representation should be equal. This resulted in the Connecticut Compromise. Which says that in the House of Representatives each state’s number of seats would be in proportion to population. In the Senate, all states would have the same number of seats.
Madisonian Model
System of government by distributing the powers of the federal government, creating a system of checks and balances, and limiting the control the majority factions held over the government.
Implied Powers
powers authorized by a document that, while not stated, seem to be implied by powers clearly stated.
Reserved Powers
Powers that are not written down or assigned
Concurrent Powers
Powers given to both states and the federal government by the U.S. Constitution.
Expressed Powers
Powers specifically listed in the Constitution
Federalism
A system of government in which power is divided between a national (federal) government and various local governments.
Supremacy Clause
States that all laws made furthering the Constitution and all treaties made under the authority of the United States are the “supreme law of the land.
Necessary and proper clause
Gives congress the authority to create and enforce laws that are deemed necessary and proper.
Commerce clause
United States Congress shall have power “To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes.
Full faith and credit clause
addresses the duties that states within the United States have to respect the “public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.
Privileges and immunities clause
prevents a state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner.
Extradition clause
Being able to deport a criminal back to the state where he or she has committed a crime.
10th amendment
The amendment says that the federal government has only those powers specifically granted by the Constitution.
Dual vs Cooperative Federalism
Dual is a Layer Cake which means the Governments do not over step their boundaries. Cooperative is a marble cake which means they have shared powers.
Block Grant
a grant from a central government that a local authority can assign to a wide range of services
Categorical Grant
the main source of federal aid to state and local government, can be used only for specific purposes
Formula Grant
a rule that tells potential recipients precisely how they can calculate the quantity of aid to which they are entitled under the provisions of law,
Reappointment
is the process of dividing the number of State representatives and senators among the State’s population in order to assure, as close as possible, districts of equal size
Political ideologies
A set of beliefs and ideas that one can apply onto policies and events
Declaration of Independence
The formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain.
