Flashcards in Test 1 Deck (131)
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91
What is twinning?
Either fusion or gemination. Need radiographic evaluation to distinguish.
92
Fusion vs. Gemination
Fusion: two roots, one crown.. Macrodontia from dentinal union of 2 developing teeth. Deficient number of teeth. separate or shared pulp chambers.
Gemination: one root, two crowns. Incomplete division. Bifid crown with one pulp chamber. Increased number of teeth.
93
What syndromes are associated with microdontia?
Hemifacial microsomia, downs, ED.
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What syndromes are associated with macrodontia?
Facial hemihypertrophy, otodental syndrome.
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Hemifacial microsomia
MICRODONTIA
96
Taurodontism
Constriction of CEJ and elongated pulp chamber with apically displaced pulp. HYPODONTIA associated. Elongated pulp chamber with short stunted roots. Failure of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath.
97
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Type 1: hypoplastic (secretory defect)
Type 2: Hypomaturation (protein processing and crystalline maturation defect)
Type 3: Hypocalcified (mineralization defect)
Type 4: Hypomaturation, hypoplastic type with taurodontism.
98
Type 1 Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Lack of cell differentiation into ameloblasts during histodifferentiation. Hypoplastic type. Insufficient enamel quality, matrix imperfectly formed, but calcified. Smaller teeth. Thermal sensitivity. Hard, rough, pitted, thiner.
99
AI Type 2
Hypomaturation. Persistence of organic content in enamel rod sheath during apposition. Deficient mineral quantity, normal thickness. Reduced enamel radiodencity. Pourous enamel. Molted enamel with brown-yellow-white collor. Not excessively susceptible to abrasion or dental caries.
100
AI Type 3
Most common type. Matrix normal in thickness, but calcification deficient during mineralization phase leading to soft fragile enamel, lost soon after eruption. Delayed eruption. Rough surface, increased permeability, increased calculus, stains easily. Moth eaten appearance radiographically.
101
AI Type 4
Defects in apposition and histodifferentiation. Enamel molted with yellow brown color and pitted on facial surfaces. Taurodontism of molars, enlarged pulp chambers.
102
Oculodentodigitaldysplasia
Micropthalmos, microcornea, epicanthal folds, fine sparse hair, enamel hypoplasia, MN with wide alveolar ridge, syndactyly of fingers and toes, muscle weakness, nystagmus.
103
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Developmental defect during histodifferentiation causing abnormal matrix common to teeth and bone. Type 1 collagen.
104
Clinical Features of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Teeth a red-brown to gray opalescent color. Susceptible to wear, pulpal abcess
105
Radiographic features of DI
Bulbous crowns and slender roots. Pulpal obliteration. Small or absent with ribbon like pulp canals. Root fractures.
106
DI Treatment
Primary: Full coverage restorations to prevent wear of posterior teeth, esthetics, pulp therapy or extractions with severe pulp obliteration.
Permanent: Bleaching, resin/veneer/full coverage. Rootcanals for posterior.
107
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Shields Type 1
Blue sclera, bone fragility, normal inteligence. Primary more affected than permanent. Occurs with OI.
108
DI Shields Type 2
Same as 1 except permanent teeth equally affected. No osteogenesis imperfecta.
109
DI Shields Type 3
Rare. Brandywine population in Maryland. Shell like teeth with short roots and multible pulp exposures.
110
Dentin Dysplaisa
Group of dentin disorders. Results from apposition phase. Anomalies of circumpulpal dentin and root morphology. Two types.
111
DD Shields Type 1
Primary and permanent: Normal crown morphology. Abnormal crown color with amber translucency. Periapical radiolucencies. No pulp chambers. Blockage of dentinal tubules from calcified masses. Short, contricted roots.
112
DD Shields Type 2
Primary dentition: Amber color similar to DI.
Permanent: Radiographically normal, thistly shaped pulp chamber and pulp stones. No periapical radiolucencies.
113
Epidermolysis Bullosa
Associated with Cementum disorders.
114
Hypophosphatasia
Associated with cementum disorders. Premature/spontaneous tooth expholiation. Alveolar bone loss in anterior.
115
Tricho Dento Osseus Syndrome
Enamel hypolasia of primary/permanent dentition. Taurodontism. Curly hair, brittle nails. Delayed bone age.
116
Oculofaciocardiodental Syndrome
Canine radiculomegaly. Variable root length. Delayed dental development and eruption. Retained primary teeth. Oligodontia.
117
Which procedures require ABX Prophylaxis?
All dental procedures that involve manipulation of gingival tissue or the periapical region of teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa.
118
What indicates the need for ABX prophylaxis?
Prosthetic cardiac valve or prosthetic material used for cardiac valve repair. Previous infective endocardtitis. CHD, Unrepaired CHD, Completely repaired CHD, Repaired CHD with defects, Cardiac transplantation.
119
When is abx prophylaxis required for shunts, catheters, etc.
Only at the time of placement to prevent surgical site infection. Immunocompromised should be considered separately.
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