Test 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Enclosure movement
A
- wealthy kick the poor off of their land
- poor are moved into the cities
- unemployed were whipped, tortured, and forced into slavery
2
Q
Headright system
A
For every indentured servant’s passage to the New World you pay for, you get 50 acres of land
3
Q
House of Burgesses
A
- first elected assembly in Colonial America
- in Jamestown (Virginia)
- only landowners could vote - led to bias
4
Q
Indentured servants
A
- came to America to work and can gain freedom after a term of working (usually 7 years)
- are classified by economic class NOT RACE
5
Q
Bacons Rebellion
A
- government wouldn’t help frontiersmen with safety from being attacked by natives and therefore attacked the capital - they are on the edge of society on the frontier
- Nathaniel Bacon leads frontiersman and indentured servants to attack Jamestown and burn it down
6
Q
1660s Laws against Slaves
A
1: separating English and slaves when running away - the English man will serve more time for running with the Negro
2: if the mother is free, her children will be free; if the mother is enslaved her children will be enslaved - furthered sexual assault and that slaveowners could have sex with slaves and therefore get more slaves
3: slaves must have a certificate of who their master is and also cannot bear arms
4: people in interracial relationships are banned from community - encourages separation between the races
5: encouraged segregation
7
Q
General Court
A
- 2nd colonial government
- in Massachusetts
- voting restricted to free men, landowning and church members
8
Q
Anne Hutchinson
A
- daughter of a minister
- held prayer meetings in her home
- challenged gender roles and threatened authority
- was kicked out of Massachusetts
9
Q
Pequot Battle
A
- English surrounded them
- they fought alongside Indian tribe allies
- had superior weapons
- many killed and survivors were sold into slavery
- Indian tribes started to think English were actually the savages and that they might be the next tribe to be killed off
10
Q
King Philips War
A
- Wampanoag leader Metacom (King Philip) formed Native American alliance
- Bloodiest conflict in American history
- resulted in deaths of 30% of English and 50% of Natives
- Causes of the War
- land disputes (destroying the Indian crops, Indians had a different view of land property - they believed the land was for everyone)
- forcing English laws on the Indians
- using alcohol to manipulate the Indians
- permission from God
- English gave Indians guns (gave guns for land, English wanted their allies to be equipped)
11
Q
The maafa
A
- Kiswali term meaning “Great Disaster” or holocaust
- 11 million Africans sold into slavery into the Americas
12
Q
Tenjami
A
- African culture funeral song
- “Cross the Water” - crossing over from the land of the living to the land of the dead
- women would paint their bodies white because it signified death and spirituality
- slavetraders (white) would force slaves onto ships and take them across the ocean - slaves were afraid because they were crossing the water (being taken to their death)
13
Q
Stamp Act
A
- tax on anything that is made of paper
- money was meant to be spent on defense of the colonies
- The Problem (colonists insisted only their representative assemblies could levy direct, internal taxes/ part of a larger plot to strip colonists of their liberties)
14
Q
Stamp Act Congress
A
- in New York City
- delegates petitioned to Parliament to repeal Stamp Act
- “Taxation without representation is tyranny” - you can’t tax us without us being able to have a say
- urged colonists to boycott and refuse to pay tax
- Parliament repealed the tax
- Parliament then passed the Declaratory Tax (saying that what they say in the future goes)
15
Q
Townsend Act
A
- import tax on paint, lead, glass, paper, and tea
- basically a tax on household goods
- reignited colonial hostility (John Dickinson’s “Letter from a Farmer” - we are taxed without our consent and are slaves to Britain)
- Parliament posted more soldiers to enforce - caused issues because they created more competition for work and were quartered in colonist homes where they were fed and slept -> leads to Boston Massacre
16
Q
Boston Tea Party
A
- tea was thrown overboard - worth $1.7 million today
- Intolerable Acts enacted by Britian (colonists must pay for the products they have destroyed, Boston harbor shut down)
17
Q
Shays’ Rebellion
A
- farmer soldiers attack the courts
- attack because of economic injustices and suspension of civil rights
- shows possibility that the central government is weak
18
Q
Constitutional Convention
A
- decide on a bicameral legislature
- House of Representatives: based on property (3/5s Compromise - helped states with slaves get more representation)
- Senate: two members from each state
19
Q
Andrew Jackson
A
- didn’t have ties to the elite
- started from the humble working class
- war hero
- took his campaign to the people
- fought for the frontiersman
- earned a reputation as an Indian fighter - Indian Removal Act
20
Q
Indian Removal Act
A
- forcing Indians to move west
- causes Second Seminole War
- Seminoles fought the Americans for forcing them west
- lasted 7 years
- Americans wanted the land to grow cotton on - led to Indians trying to assimilate (being converted to Christianity and being accustomed to Anglo-American culture)
21
Q
Dissemblance
A
- act by slaves to resist slave owners
- would pretend to smile and be happy even though they weren’t
- would act dumb so as not to do more work
22
Q
American Colonization Society
A
- sending blacks to new colony “Liberia” where they can live freely (in West Africa)
- supported by abolitionists and slave owners (slave owners supported because they didn’t want free slaves to influence their slaves to run away from plantations)
23
Q
William Lloyd Garrison
A
- one of the most influential abolitionists
- “The Liberator” - newspaper
- supported immediate uncompensated emancipation
- slave owners should not be paid to free slaves because that makes them seem less like people - this type of freedom humanized slaves
24
Q
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
A
- bloodiest slave rebellion in US
- Nat Turner was a preacher and leader in local slave community
- inspired by spiritual visions to lead rebellion
25
Paternalism
- southern justification for slavery
- slaveholder was like a father to his slaves who were like childlike dependents
- slaves were "happy" because owners treated them right [riiiiight]
26
English view of the New World
- religion
- national glory
- wealth
- land of economic opportunity
