Test 1

Question 1

Biomagnification

Answer 1

Concentrations of toxins

Question 2

Chemosynthesis

Answer 2

the synthesis of organic compounds within an organism

Question 3

Density

Answer 3

The degree of compactness of a substance

Question 4

Desalination

Answer 4

Process that removes minerals from saline water.

Question 5

Homeostasis

Answer 5

The tendency of an organism or a cell to regulate its internal conditions

Question 6

Ph scale

Answer 6

Measure of acidity or alkalinity of water soluble substances

Question 7

What are abiotic factors?

Answer 7

Nonliving or never living things

Question 8

Pressure

Answer 8

Physical force exhorted by an object

Question 9

Salinity

Answer 9

Concentration of dissolved salts in water

Question 10

Specific heat

Answer 10

Heat required to raise a temperature by a unit mass

Question 11

Thermocline

Answer 11

Steep temperature gradient in a body of water

Question 12

What percentage of freshwater on earth is available for us to drink?

Answer 12

0.007%

Question 13

What process in the water cycle changes the water from a liquid to a gas?

Answer 13

Evaporation and transportation

Question 14

Which property of water is essential for life?

Answer 14

Moderate climate temperature

Question 15

What does waters high specific heat maintain?

Answer 15

Your metabolism, homeotasious

Question 16

Explain why ice floats on water

Answer 16

Less dense and expands

Question 17

Where do gases increase and decrease in the ocean? How are gases distributed?

Answer 17

From currents

Question 18

What type of water can hold more dissolved gases?

Answer 18

Cold, salty water

Question 19

What causes supersaturation? What returns it to superstation levels?

Answer 19

Abundance of plants, the waves, atmosphere

Question 20

What is turbulence? What does it increase?

Answer 20

Water movement, increases the amount of gases that dissolved in water

Question 21

Which organism uses nitrogen directly?

Answer 21

Bacteria

Question 22

Which process produces carbon dioxide and uses carbon dioxide?

Answer 22

Photosynthesis

Question 23

Which process produces carbon dioxide and uses oxygen

Answer 23

Cellular respiration, decomposition

Question 24

What is the compensation depth?

Answer 24

The depth at which the photosynthesis rate is the same as the plant respiration rate

Question 25

What is the level of dissolved oxygen in seawater?

Answer 25

0-10ppm

Question 26

What type of water is stagnant with no oxygen? Which organisms can live there?

Answer 26

Arerobic anaerobes

Question 27

What causes less carbon dioxide in the ocean?

Answer 27

Too high of a temperature and salinity

Question 28

What does rising carbon dioxide levels cause in the ocean?

Answer 28

Increase water temperature

Question 29

What are the uses of carbon dioxide to marine organisms?

Answer 29

Calcium carbonate d+e

Question 30

What is a buffer?

Answer 30

Stop sudden pH changes

Question 31

What does bacteria convert nitrogen into?

Answer 31

Ammonia, nitrates, nitrites

Question 32

Where did the original salts in the oceans come from?

Answer 32

Volcanic activity run off

Question 33

What are the units for salinity?

Answer 33

Amount of salts in water, parts per thousand

Question 34

What is the average salinity in oceans?

Answer 34

35

Question 35

What are sea salt? Is it safe to harvest them?

Answer 35

Crystal salts, No

Question 36

What five process increase salinity in water?

Answer 36

Evaporation, freezing, run off/currents, Low freshwater, landlocked seas

Question 37

What is the difference between saltwater and freshwater freezing point?

Answer 37

Salt water = lower freezing point

Question 38

What four processes delete salinity in saltwater?

Answer 38

Precipitation, melting, river flow, runoff

Question 39

What is the principles of constant proportion?

Answer 39

The proportions of ions in sea water remains the same no matter what the salinity

Question 40

CTD

Answer 40

Temperature/ conductivity

Question 41

Salinometer

Answer 41

It uses conductivity

Question 42

Refractometer

Answer 42

Bonding of light

Question 43

What two water proportions affect density?

Answer 43

Mass/volume

Question 44

Chlorinity

Answer 44

Principle of constant proportion

Question 45

What is desalination

Answer 45

Remover of salt water into drinking water

Question 46

What process contributes to the nitrogen cycle?

Answer 46

Bacteria

Question 47

How does bacteria convert nitrogen into nitrogen compounds?

Answer 47

Ammonia, bacteria, add oxygen

Question 48

What are nitrates a product of?

Answer 48

Pollution and bacteria

Question 49

What do we use nitrates for?

Answer 49

Fertilizer for plants

Question 50

What happens when too many nitrates enter the water?

Answer 50

Can cause algae blooms that block sunlight

Question 51

How does oil pollution spread so rapidly?

Answer 51

Currents

Question 52

Three affects of oil pollution:

Answer 52

Hurtful to animals etc

Question 53

What is biomagnification

Answer 53

The concentration of toxic chemicals increases as they move higher up the food chain

Question 54

What problems arize from dumping chemicals in the ocean?

Answer 54

They get ingested by animals and block sunlight

Question 55

How does temperature limit distribution of ocean life?

Answer 55

It affects density, salinity, dissolved gasses etc

Question 56

How does rising atmosphere temperature affect the oceans?

Answer 56

Decrease salinity, salt water has lower freezing point

Question 57

What is the thermocline?

Answer 57

A physical barrier

Question 58

What does a thermocline cause?

Answer 58

The mixture of the upper and lower levels of water

Question 59

What are the examples of endothermic organisms

Answer 59

Snake, fish, lizard etc

Question 60

What is the only predictable parameter in water?

Answer 60

Pressure

Question 61

What does one atmosphere equal?

Answer 61

14.7 LB/IN

Question 62

How does the pressure increase in the ocean?

Answer 62

Increase 1 atm for each 10m of depth

Question 63

How far have scuba divers gotten?

Answer 63

180 meters

Question 64

What is an air embolism? How can they be prevented?

Answer 64

Air bubbles, should ascend 30 feet per minute

Question 65

What is "rapture of the deep"

Answer 65

Nitrogen causes euphoric feelings at depth

Question 66

How does "the bends occur"?

Answer 66

Ascends too quickly

Question 67

What is the result of the bends?

Answer 67

Crippling, pain in joints

Question 68

Which color is absorbed the fastest in water and why?

Answer 68

Red because it's the longest wavelength

Question 69

How does this affect the ocean color?

Answer 69

Blue green light transmits to a depth 200m

Question 70

What is the euphotic zone?

Answer 70

Where light can be found

Question 71

How do objects appear in water?

Answer 71

Closer or bigger

Question 72

What is the speed of sound in water relation to air?

Answer 72

15-29 meters per second, 4 times faster