Test 1

Question 1

What were the 4 sects of Judaism?

Answer 1

1. Pharisees
2. Sadducees
3. Essenes
4. Zealots

Question 2

Were Jews and Christians friendly with one another in the early church?

Answer 2

• The men and woman who made up the church at this time considered themselves good Jews
• The Bulk of the Christians in the ancient church at its beginning were Jews as well

Question 3

What were the 3 important items the church needed to settle after the apostles died?

Answer 3

1. Codified the cannon
2. Created the creeds
3. Began the episcopacy

Question 4

What is a creed?

Answer 4

Short statements of beliefs summarizing Christian teaching and introduce inquirers to the faith

Question 5

What is the canon?

Answer 5

• comes from a Greek term that means “rod or ruler” both items used in ancient times to measure things
• the books of the Bible were used as rules or norms for people to live by
• authoritative scripture

Question 6

What is apostolic succession?

Answer 6

The uninterrupted transmission of spiritual authority from the Apostles through successive popes and bishops

Question 7

Who finalized the canon in 376 AD?

Answer 7

Athanasius

Question 8

Was there a hierarchy in the early church?

Answer 8

No, it was fluid and flexible without a complex hierarchy

Question 9

When did the hierarchy evolve? What was the 112AD saying that was used about this hierarchy?

Answer 9

The hierarchy began around 60AD

The saying was “follow the bishops as Christ followed the Father”

Question 10

What were the 4 offices of the early church?

Answer 10

1. Bishops
2. Deacons
3. Presiding Officers
4. Elders

Question 11

What did the Pax Romana do for the Christians?

Answer 11

Made travel around the empire safely and helped to spread Christianity

Question 12

What is Arianism?

Answer 12

Only God is eternal, Christ is a created being and not one with the father. Jesus is subject to change and could potentially sin. He was created out of nothing before time began and could not comprehend the mind of God.

Question 13

What is Marcion’s heresy?

Answer 13

OT God is evil. Jesus’ God is not the same, but God the Father. Jesus was not born of Mary, he just appeared one day.

Question 14

How did the church feel about being martyrs?

Answer 14

It was an honor

Question 15

What were the 3 responses to persecution?

Answer 15

1. Fold
2. Die
3. Fake

Question 16

What were the 3 charges leveled against Christians by the Roman government?

Answer 16

1. Cannibalism
2. Incest
3. Atheism

Question 17

Who was martyred?

Answer 17

1. Ignatius of Antioch
2. Polycarp of Smyrna
3. Perpetua
4. Felicitas

Question 18

How did the fall of Jerusalem affect the Christians?

Answer 18

Forced them to flee to surrounding areas, which ultimately helped spread their religion and is why Christianity became a world religion.

Question 19

What were the capitals for Christianity?

Answer 19

Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria, Rome

Question 20

Who started Monasteries? Who ran them?

Answer 20

St. Benedict and Abbots ran them

Question 21

Who was Constantine and how did he effect Christianity?

Answer 21

Emperor of Rome and had a vision from God of a trophy of a cross of light “conquer by this”. Legalized Christianity, called to synods to deal with cases of internal church strife.

Question 22

What were the effects of the Crusades?

Answer 22

• they weakened the Pope and nobles but strengthened the monarchs
• Left bitterness among Christians, Jews and Muslims

Question 23

How did heresies effect the church?

Answer 23

met together in councils to discuss how they would defend the faith.

Question 24

What was the Feudal system hierarchy?

Answer 24

Kings, Nobles, Knights, Peasants

Question 25

What was chivalry?

Answer 25

a code of ethics followed by knight, It taught honesty, fairness in battle, loyal, proper treatment of women.

Question 26

What did the Scholasticism movement bring to the world?

Answer 26

Cathedral school established which allowed more scholarship - Systematic theology was split apart from biblical study - theology went up, bible study went down - Commentaries replaced the study of the word - universities sprouted up all over

Question 27

Why did the Mysticism start?

Answer 27

As a response to scholasticism which urged direct contact with God in the act of worshp instead of passively participating in the coldly formal acts of worship performed by clergymen and scholars

Question 28

What was the final straw the split the church into eastern orthodoxy and roman catholic?

Answer 28

The Great Schism of 1054 | Excommunication between the Pope and the Patriarch

Question 29

What did Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy churches have in common?

Answer 29

- They base their faith on the gospel of Jesus and the Bible - They use sacrements such as Baptism - Their religious leaders are priests and bishops - They seek to convert people

Question 30

What did Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy do differently?

Answer 30

Roman: Services in Latin, the pope has authority over all other bishops, the pope claims authority over all kings and emperors, priests may not marry, divorce is not permitted. Orthodoxy: Services are conducted in Greek/local languages, the patriarch and other bishops head the church as a group, the emperor claims authority over the patriarch and other bishops of the empire, priests may marry, divorce allowed under certain conditions.

Question 31

How did the Church deal with those who denied Christ and wanted entrance into the Church after persecution ended?

Answer 31

The Donatists didn't want to let them back in, wanted a pure church of saints, not sinners. The rest of the church wanted to allow them back.