Test 1

Question 1

T/F. A Calorie is the amount of energy required to raise the temp of 1g of water by 1°C

Answer 1

False. cal not Cal

Question 2

T/F. A starch seed will be smaller than one that contains more lipid.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

T/F a steer fed a grain diet will consume more carbs than a steer on a forage diet

Answer 3

False

Question 4

What is a triglyceride?

Answer 4

3 amino acids on a glycerol backbone

Question 5

T/F. All fats are lipids, but not all lipids are fats.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

How many amino acids of the 200 that exist, are used to synthesize protien?

Answer 6

20

Question 7

T/F. Dogs dont experience insensible loss cince they dont sweat.

Answer 7

False. They pant, which lets them lose water from the lungs

Question 8

Who is Antoine Lavoisier?

Answer 8

‘Father of Nutrition’ for development of bomb calorimeter

Question 9

Carbs are synthesized via _____ in plants, and _____ in animals

Answer 9

Photosynthesis, gluconeogenesis

Question 10

Carbs consist of ___ where n=__

Answer 10

CHO, 6

Question 11

T/F. Cholesterol and waxes are examples of vitamins

Answer 11

False, lipids

Question 12

Breakdown of insoluble molecules into compounfs capable of being absorbed into the blood

Answer 12

Digestion

Question 13

T/F. Double bonds in saturated fatty acids cause kinks in the fatty acids

Answer 13

False. Cause kinks in unsaturated fatty acids

Question 14

Glucose, frustose, lactose. Which is not a monosaccharide?

Answer 14

Lactose

Question 15

Lipids are insoluble in water, but they are soluble in..

Answer 15

Organic solvents

Question 16

What kind of linkage does maltose have?

Answer 16

Alpha linked glucose

Question 17

Why are ruminants fed non-protien nitrogen (NPN)?

Answer 17

To meet their amino acid requirements

Question 18

What elements are present in protiens?

Answer 18

C,H,O,N and sometimes S

Question 19

Where do sweet taste buds tend to be located?

Answer 19

Tip of the tongue

Question 20

What are the five tastes?

Answer 20

Sweet sour bitter salty and umami

Question 21

A joule is a unit of energy that is roughly ____ of a calorie

Answer 21

1/4 th

Question 22

What are the fat soluble vitamins

Answer 22

A,D,E and K

Question 23

Water lost from evaporation across the lungs is called..?

Answer 23

Insensable loss

Question 24

Leafy greens and yeast are good sourses of..?

Answer 24

Water soluble vitamins

Question 25

Define Cal or Kcal as it relates to animal nutrition

Answer 25

=1000 calories

Question 26

What is umami, what foods are assisosiated with umami

Answer 26

Savory. Maybe high protien?

Question 27

Do ruminants produce salivary amylase? Explain

Answer 27

Not technically but it is produced from the outside of the mouth on the muzzle

Question 28

Describe size and purpose of the esophageal grove

Answer 28

About 2". Channels milk in young ruminants straight to the abomasum

Question 29

Explain lactose intolerence

Answer 29

It means you dont have many lactase enzymes and therefore cannot digest lactose efficiantly

Question 30

Describe an evolutionary advantage of ruminants

Answer 30

They ruminate. Meaning that can eat as much as fast as they want to, and then rechew later.

Question 31

If a steer and horse were both fed oats, which would gain more weight

Answer 31

Horse. They digest grain before it gets to fermentation.

Question 32

What do steer feces look like and why

Answer 32

Smooth, runny. No particles. Due to rumination

Question 33

What do horse feces look like and why

Answer 33

Round, dry coarse. Lots of particles. Horses do not ruminate

Question 34

What do sheep feces look like and why

Answer 34

Round smooth pellets. No particles. Lambs ruminate but abdorb a lot more water

Question 35

Why would a steer fed grain gain more than a steer fed hay?

Answer 35

On a grain diet, you lose less energy fue to gas by producing more propionate. Eating hay results in more acetate and butrate, which produce gas

Question 36

Vestigial part of cecum in humans

Answer 36

Appendix

Question 37

Stomach cells that secrete HCL

Answer 37

Parietal cells

Question 38

Stomach cells that secrete digestive enzymes

Answer 38

Chief cells

Question 39

Special name for epithelial cell lining the villi

Answer 39

Enterocyte

Question 40

Secretes an alkaline mucous into the small intestine to protect against acid

Answer 40

Brunner's glands

Question 41

Secrete lysozyme into small intestine to kill bacteria

Answer 41

Paneth cells

Question 42

Mucous secreting cells embedded in the surface of the villi

Answer 42

Goblet cells

Question 43

Lymph capillary found in the villi

Answer 43

Lacteal

Question 44

Common external opening for the digestive and reproductive tract in birds

Answer 44

Vent

Question 45

Common chamber into which the digestive and reproductive tract open up in birds

Answer 45

Cloaca

Question 46

Clusters of white blood cells that project into the small intestine

Answer 46

Peyers patches

Question 47

Branched glucan used as a storage of carb in animals

Answer 47

Glycogen

Question 48

Disaccharide containing beta 1-4 glucose linkage

Answer 48

Cellulose

Question 49

Fiber component that is not a carbohydrate, but influences the utilization of forage carbs

Answer 49

Lignin

Question 50

Heptose monosaccharide that is a ketose

Answer 50

Sedoheptolose

Question 51

Heteroglycan that is a primary component of the plant cell wall

Answer 51

Hemicellulose

Question 52

Heteroglycan thay makes up white mesh of an apple

Answer 52

Pectin

Question 53

Hexose monosaccharide that is a ketose

Answer 53

Galactose

Question 54

A hexose monosaccharide that is an aldose

Answer 54

Glucose

Question 55

Homoglycan containing only glucose

Answer 55

Glucan

Question 56

Homoglycan found in high concentrations in chickory

Answer 56

Fructan

Question 57

Intermediate formed by the breakdown of amylopectin hy amylase

Answer 57

Limit dextrin

Question 58

Pentose monosaccharide that is an aldose

Answer 58

Ribose

Question 59

Polysaccharide of glucose liked both at 1-6 and 1-4

Answer 59

Amylopectin

Question 60

Polysaccharide of glycose like only by alpha 1-4

Answer 60

Amylose

Question 61

Polysaccharides linked by beta 1-4

Answer 61

Cellulose

Question 62

Process used to synthesize glucose in an animal

Answer 62

Gluconeogenesis

Question 63

Fruranose ring

Answer 63

Ring structure of fructose

Question 64

Pyranose ring

Answer 64

Ring structure of glucose

Question 65

Tetrose monosaccharide that is an aldose

Answer 65

Erythrose

Question 66

Triose monosaccharide that is a keytose

Answer 66

Dihydroxyacetone

Question 67

Pectin, hemicellulose, lignin, sucrose, glycogen | Which are heteroglycans?

Answer 67

Pectin and Hemicellulose

Question 68

Pectin, amylose, cellulose, amylopectin, maltose | Which are glucans?

Answer 68

Amylose, cellulose, amylopectin

Question 69

Theyre hydrogenated, lower in calories, and are responsible for cooling sensation in the mouth

Answer 69

Sugar alcohols

Question 70

Has virtually no calories, is chlorinated, and is 600x sweeter that sucrose

Answer 70

Sucralose

Question 71

Which are absorbed through the small intestine via active transport? Lactose, sucrose, galactose, fructose, glucose5

Answer 71

Galactose and glucose

Question 72

The primary site for absorbtion of nutrients in a pig

Answer 72

Jejunum

Question 73

Chicken, pig, horse, cow | Which produce salivary amylase

Answer 73

Chicken, and Pig