test 1 Flashcards
(295 cards)
1
Q
what is net heating value
A
2
Q
Both the Beattie-Bridgeman equation and the Beattie modification have been used with good accuracy at __________.
A
3
Q
what is the equation for the The Benedict-Webb-Rubin (BWR) Equation of State
A
4
Q
what is the equation for Apparent Molecular Weight of a Gas Mixture
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5
Q
how do you calculate reservoir content when Separator compositions known when separator gas yiSP and separator liquid compositions xiSP are known
A
6
Q
how do you calcualte the percent mole of gas or liquid from the phase diagram of a two component mixture
A
7
Q
what does yj represent in Dalton’s law of partial pressures
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8
Q
what are the properties of wet gases
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9
Q
what is the general formula for cycloalkanes
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10
Q
what are some other names for van der waals equation of state
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11
Q
what are the mixing rules for SRK and PR equation of states
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12
Q
how do you calculate the formation volume factor of a wet gas if the surface compositions are known
A
13
Q
A
14
Q
which constants must be derived experimentally in the The Benedict-Webb-Rubin (BWR) Equation of State
A
15
Q
what does the wet gas phase diagram look like
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16
Q
liquid gas two phase lines for two component mixtures are what shape
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17
Q
where do separator conditions lie well within the phase envelope of black oil
A
18
Q
The compressibility factors for natural gases have been correlated using __________
A
19
Q
what is a phenyl group
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20
Q
The crude oil in Figure 2-30 contains 35 mole percent CH4 . Will all mixtures of this oil and carbon dioxide be single phase (miscible) ?
A
21
Q
Production information usually will _______the type of fluid in the reservoir
A
indicate
22
Q
what is the joule thomson effect
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23
Q
how is the viscocity of gas mixtures calculated
A
24
Q
what is the triple point
A
Solid, liquid, and gas coexist
25
how do you calculate reservori content when when separator gas yiSP and stock tank compositions (xiSTO, yiST) are known (steps)
26
what are the different names of Cycloalkanes
27
name different types of phase diagrams
Types of phase diagrams for pure substance (Pressure-Temperature) (Pressure-Volume) or (Pressure-Density) (Temperature-Volume) or (Temperature-Density)
28
what are examples of alkenes
29
how do you calculate the heating value of an ideal gas and real gas
30
what are sulfur compounds in terms of petroleum
31
what does the The Law of Corresponding States for Pure Gases look like on a graph
32
The Coefficient of Isobaric Thermal Expansion of a Liquid, (beta)
33
what is ethylene
34
what is 2-methylpentane
35
how do the visocities of volitile oils compare to black oils
36
37
what is shrinkage factor
38
what is the The Law of Corresponding States for Gas Mixtures
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40
what are some of the manipulatons of the van der waals equation
41
what is theThe Coefficient of Isothermal Compressibility of Oil, co when pressures are below the bubble point pressure
42
what do z factors look like on a chart
43
44
Critical temperature isotherm on a P-V diagram for a pure substance has a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_as it passes through the critical pressure.
45
what are the physical and chemical properties of aromatics (general)
46
what kind of bonds do aromatics have
47
describe the z factor as a function of pressure
48
what is avogadros law
49
name the types of alkanes in the classification of petroleum fluids (gasoline, kerosene, etc)
50
what is another name for alkynes
unsaturated
51
name some characteristics of retrograde gases
52
what are plant products
53
how are oxygen compounds built into petroleum
54
what is the second rule for naming alkanes
55
what are two tests to measure paraffin content of liquid.
56
what is the name of the governing body for naming hydrocarbons
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) rules
57
what is a diolefin
58
Values of compressibility are \_\_\_\_\_\_for volatile oils than for black oils
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60
what is the Significance of Identifying Reservoir Fluids
* Determine the method of fluid sampling
* Dictate the types and sizes of surface equipment
* Determine the approaches to calculate oil and gas in place
* Determine techniques to predict oil and gas reserves
* Dictate the plan of depletion
* Determine selection of EOR method
61
what is the Peng-Robinson Equation of State
62
what are the names of common cycloalkanes
63
how are black oils identified in the field
64
what does the dry gas phase diagram look like
65
what is the Typical Shape of viscocity as a function of P for oil
66
what are the units used for plant products
67
how do you calculate reservoir content if the quantity and specific gravity of the stock-tank vent are not measured. and the second separator gas is unknown.
68
what is the difference between dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosity
69
what are aromatics
70
what are standard conditions
71
what is a mole
72
what defines aromatics
73
what is an equilibrium tie line
74
what is the equation for van der Waals' Equation of State
75
what is the equation for The Coefficient of Isothermal Compressibility of Oil, (co) in terms of (po)
76
what type of bond defines alkanes
single
77
what is heating value
78
what is the Coefficient of Viscosity Oil
79
what is the unit for interfacial tension
80
what is a pressure-composition diagram
81
what is an unsaturated hydrocarbon
82
describe ternary phase diagrams as a function of pressure
83
what is the formula for naming alkynes
84
what is the prefix and suffix of alkenes
Prefix : denotes the number of carbon atoms
Suffix –ene: classifies the compound as an alkene
85
how does B0 vary with P
86
what are the isotopes of carbon
Carbon has three isotopes: 12C, 13C, 14C
87
what is the formula for alkenes
88
What (3) factors caused the change in oil volume (from reservoir conditions to surface conditions)?
89
what is the coefficient of viscosity of gas
90
what is the formation volume factor of a wet gas
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92
where does saturated oil lie on the black oil phase diagram
93
what is the reciprocal of gas formation volume factor
The reciprocal of the formation volume factor sometimes is called gas expansion factor
94
what is cloud point
Cloud point is the temperature at which paraffin wax begins to solidify and is identified by the onset of turbidity as the temperature is lowered.
95
Liquid-gas two-phase lines for pure substances are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
96
what is a ternary diagram
97
what oil properties are used in reservoir engineering
98
how are Resins and Asphaltenes built into petroleum
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100
what is phase behavior
101
how do you calculate gas specific gravity from a chart
102
103
If the reservoir temperature, T, lies between the critical temperature, Tc , and cricondentherm,Tct, of the reservoir fluid, the reservoir is classified as a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
retrograde gascondensate reservoir
104
what is a binary interaction coeffecient
105
what are different names for volatile oils
106
what is an example of a ethyne
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108
what is the equation for Dalton's law of partial pressures
109
what are some trivial names of aromatics
110
Dry gases, wet gases, and gases separated from black oils normally have specific gravities which lie within the range of
111
what are alkanes, their formula, and their prefix and suffix
112
What is the coefficient of isothermal compressibility of gas
113
where does retrograde condensation occur
114
how do the five reservoir fluids field identification results compare
115
what is the locus of critical points
116
what is the melting point line
Separates liquid from solid
117
physical properties are termed either ______ or \_\_\_\_\_
118
what is the fifth rule for naming alkanes
119
what is the vaporization process for retrograde gas
120
Phase diagrams change as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_changes
121
what is ethylbenzene
122
what are dry gases
123
how are hydrocarbons classified
124
how do you calculate percent mole of gas or liquid using a ternary diagram
125
how do the five reservoir fluids phase diagrams compare to each other when plotted seperately
126
what is the equation of state for an ideal gas
127
what defines Cycloalkenes and Cycloalkadienes
128
how do the gas viscocities of pure substances vary against each other
129
what are Cycloaliphatic Hydrocarbons
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131
how does gas viscocity vary with temperature and pressure
132
what is the unit for gas formation volume factor
133
what is another name of Cycloalkanoaromatics
134
how are puesdo-ternary phase diagrams grouped
135
when is van der waals equation of state accurate
136
137
Determine the compositions and quantities of gas and liquid when 6 lb moles of mixture of 50 mole% CH4 , 15 mole% C3H8 , and 35 mole% n-C5H12 are brought to equilibrium at 160 oF and 500 psia
138
what does the retrograde gas phase diagram look like
139
what type of bond is in alkynes
triple
140
what is p-xylene
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142
how do you calculate the formation volume factor of a wet gas if the surface compositions are NOT known (general)
143
what is an equation of state
An equation which relates volume to pressure and temperature
144
what is toluene
145
what is interfacial tension
146
what does a/vm2 correct for in van der waals equation of state
147
Determine the compositions and quantities of gas and liquid formed when 3 lb moles of mixture of 70 mole% CH4 and 30 mole% C2H6 are brought to equilibrium at - 100 oF and 400 psia
148
what is the compressibility equation of state
149
what is the equation for Amagat’s Law of Partial Volume
150
what is the building block of organic chemistry
151
what is the typical Shape of co as a function of P
152
Retrograde gases and gases associated with volatile oils generally have specific gravities within what range
153
what is black oil
154
what is the heat of vaporization of the water of combustion.
155
what are the physical property categories of crude oils
156
how are the iso vols spaced in the volatile oil phase diagram
157
what are Resins & asphaltenes:
158
what is the gas formation volume factor
159
what is the law of The Law of Corresponding States for Pure Gases
160
what is the The Vapor-Pressure Line/Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium Curve
Separates liquid from gas
161
what is another name for aromatics
162
what is the sublimation line
Separates gas from solid
163
draw the structural formulas of methane, ethane, butane, n-butane, and iso-butane
164
• Phase behavior of reservoir and injected fluids is important for:
• Phase behavior of reservoir and injected fluids is important for:
oEnhanced oil recovery
oCompositional simulation
oGeochemical behavior
oWellbore stability
oGeothermal energy
oEnvironmental cleanup
oMultiphase flow in wellbores and pipes
oSurface facilities
165
166
what is the atomic mass number
• Atomic mass is the mass of an atom. • It is commonly expressed in unified atomic mass units (u) where by international agreement, 1 unified atomic mass unit is defined as 1/12 of the mass of a single carbon-12 atom (at rest). • For atoms, the protons and neutrons of the nucleus account for almost all of the mass, and the atomic mass measured in u has nearly the same value as the mass number. • The number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element’s mass number (protons + neutrons).
167
what are the units for kinematic viscocity
168
169
what are iso-vols or quality lines
170
what is charles' law
171
what does yj represent in Amagat’s Law of Partial Volume
172
how is the The Beattie-Bridgeman Equation of State used for gas mixtures
173
what is the composition of a dry gas reservoir
174
what are volatile oils
175
what oil properites are used in Production, EOR, Transportation…
176
what are Cycloalkanoaromatics
177
The Coefficient of Isobaric Thermal Expansion of a Liquid, (beta) in terms of density
178
what are two other names for alkanes
saturated
paraffin
179
what is boyle's law
180
what is an olefin
181
what are the names of cycloalkanes
182
• Why don’t we use actual critical temperature and critical pressure instead of Pseudoreduced Temperature and Pseudoreduced pressure?
183
what defines wet gases
184
what is the atomic number
is the number of protons found in the nucleus. The atomic number uniquely identifies the element and distinguishes it from all other elements
185
Reservoir fluid type can be confirmed only by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
observation in the lab
186
what does (b) correct for in van der waals equation of state
187
how do the phase diagrams of a one component mixture differ from a two component mixture
188
describe Pc and Tc
Upper limit of the vaporpressure line. At T\>Tc, gas cannot be liquefied, regardless of the pressure applied. At P\>Pc, liquid and gas cannot coexist.
189
what is a Cricondenbar
Highest pressure on the saturation envelope
190
what is Amagat’s Law of Partial Volume
191
what are the classifications of structural isomers
192
what are the mixtures rules for The Benedict-Webb-Rubin (BWR) Equation of State
193
what is the equation for thermal expanison of oil
194
Once the composition of reservoir gas is known, the estimation of _____ properties at reservoir condition follows the same procedure for \_\_\_\_\_
Once the composition of reservoir gas is known, the estimation of wet gas properties at reservoir condition follows the same procedure for dry gas
195
what is organic chemistry
196
how are Organo-metallic Compounds built into petroleum
197
what is the third rule for naming alkanes
198
what are the type of bonds in alkenes
double
199
condensate is very similar to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
200
what is the Coefficient of Isothermal Compressibility of Oil, (co)
201
how do the reservoir fluid field identification results compare to each other
202
how is black oil identified in the lab
203
what is the equation for pseudocritical temperature and pseudocritical pressure
204
how do the compositions of the 5 reservoir fluids compare to each other
205
what is the fourth rule for naming alkanes
206
what is the molecular weight
• The molecular weight is the sum of the atomic weights of the constituents of the molecule
Methane (CH4 ) molecular weight MW=12.01+ 4\*1.01= 16.05
207
what are the general trends of the physical trends of alkanes
208
what is a covalent bond
209
what is the equation for Specific Gravity of a Gas Mixture
210
how does the presence of N2 affect the z factor
211
what is the first rule for naming alkanes
212
what is unsaturated oil in terms of the black oil phase diagram
213
where does unsaturated oil lie on the black oil phase diagram
214
how are retrograde gases identified in the field
215
what are interaction coefficients
216
what is the pitzer accentric factor
217
218
219
what happens if the pressure drops below the bubble point pressure for volatile oil
220
The formation volume factor may be multiplied by the _______ to find the volume of reservoir oil required to produce that volume of stock-tank oil
221
what are Alkadienes, Alkatrienes, and Alkatetraenes
222
what are the properties of a black oil reservoir
223
what is gross heating value
224
what is pour point
Pour point is the lowest temperature, expressed as a multiple of 5 oF, at which the liquid is observed to flow when cooled under prescribed conditions
225
what is n-heptane
226
what is the equation for The Coefficient of Isobaric Thermal Expansion of a Liquid, (beta) over large temperature ranges
227
what are different names of black oil
The name black oil is a misnomer since the color of this type of oil is not always black. This type of reservoir fluid has also been called low-shrinkage crude oil or ordinary oil.
228
how is volatile identified in the field
229
how are two component phase envelopes affected when one componts percent composition increases
230
what is a phase diagram
A phase diagram is a graph showing the limiting conditions for solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a single substance or of a mixture of substances while undergoing changes in pressure and temperature or in some other combination of variables, such as solubility and temperature.
231
what is retrograde condensation
• Retrograde condensation : the opposite of condensation, liquid condenses out of gas
232
what kind of bonds are in cycloalkanes
single
233
what are the chemical classifications of crude oils
234
what are condensed rings
235
what properites are analyzed in black oil and what are their applications
236
what are some recent development in equations of states
237
what is the bubble point
Bubble Point: The point that first bubble of gas comes out of liquid
238
name names of aromatics
239
what does the The Beattie-Bridgeman Equation of State constants table look like
240
what are mercaptans in terms of petroleum
241
how is volatile oil identified in the lab
242
what are wet gases
243
what are the five branches of chemistry
Organic chemistry Inorganic chemistry Analytical chemistry Physical chemistry Biochemistry
244
how stable is a triple bond
Not stable as single bond Not found in naturally occurring petroleum fluids
245
what is an ionic bond
246
what is the chemical formula of benzene
247
how is gas formation factor calculated assuming real gases (steps)
248
If the reservoir temperature is greater than the critical temperature of the hydrocarbon fluid, the reservoir is considered a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
gas reservoir
249
what is cyclopentane
250
what do the five reservoir fluids compare to each other when they are plotted on the same phase diagram chart
251
how do liquid lines differ from gas lines
252
how do the bubble point and dew point differ for pure substances and two component phase diagrams
253
what are the steps for answering this problem
254
how can E be obtained when calculating the z factor when H2S and CO2 are present
255
256
what are two other names for alkenes
unsaturated
olefins
257
what three properties are used to identify reservoir fluids using production information
258
what is a Cricondentherm
Highest temperature on the saturation envelope
259
how do you calculate reservori content when when separator gas yiSP and stock tank compositions (xiSTO, yiST) are known (calculations)
260
what is a homologous series
261
what is the typical shape of c0 as a function of P
262
what are Two Ways to Develop the EOS of an Ideal Gas
1. From experimental evidence
2. From kinetic theory
263
how does the volatile oil phase diagram compare to the black oil phase diagram
264
how reactive are Cycloalkenes and Cycloalkadienes
265
The petroleum industry uses four adjectives to describe heating values:
266
how do Pseudo-critical properties need to be adjusted if CO2 and/or H2S exist?
267
what are ideal gas properties
1. The volume occupied by molecules is insignificant comparing with the volume occupied by gas
2. No attraction or repulsive forces between molecules or between molecules and the wall of container
3. All collisions of molecules are perfectly elastic, that is, there’s no loss of internal energy upon collision.
268
Phase diagrams of reservoir fluids are similar to those of _______ mixtures
269
what are the 5 types of reservoir fluids
* Black Oil
* Volatile Oil
* Gas Condensate (Retrograde Gas)
* Wet Gas
* Dry Gas
270
what do you need to do to the surface gases and liquids to calculate the reservoir content
271
what are examples of chemical names of alkanes
272
what is another name for gas formation volume factor
Formation volume factor also is known as reservoir volume factor
273
how does the composition and specific gravity of dry gas differ at the surface and in the reservoir
274
275
what is the equation for the Redlich-Kwong Equation of State
276
what are the physical states of the classifications of alkanes
277
278
what is Oil formation volume factor
Oil formation volume factor is the quantity of reservoir liquid in barrels required to produce one stock-tank barrel
279
what is the dew point
Dew Point: The point that last drop of liquid remains (or first drop of liquid condenses out of gas)
280
what is a two-stage seperation setup
281
what are different names for retrograde gases
Retrograde gases are also called regrograde gas-condensates, retrograde condensate gases, gas condensates, or condensates.
282
name the names of alkynes
283
what is Dalton's law of partial pressures
284
what are some other equations for the Coefficient of Isothermal Compressibility of Oil, co
285
what is a three stage seperation setup
286
how do you calculate reservoir content when gas composition is unknown (calculations)
287
what is the equation for the Beattie-Bridgeman Equation of State
288
what is the saturation envelope
289
what is the Soave-Redlich-Kwong(SRK) Equation of State
290
what are alkyl sulfides in terms of petroleum
291
how does the gas formation volume factor compare to pressure (graphically)
292
what is cyclohexane
293
mean density passes through what point
294
what are the different points on a ternary diagram
295
what is the gas formation factor using real gas laws
