Test 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Tuvan throat singing that produces two tones at the same time
A
Khoomii
2
Q
A set of bells operated from a keyboard
A
carillon
3
Q
A part of the range of a voice or instrument
A
register
4
Q
A series of tones above the fundamental tone
A
harmonics
5
Q
A small Tuvan fiddle decorated with a horse’s head
A
igil
6
Q
What three things does a soundscape include
A
sounds, settings, and significances of music
7
Q
What factors influence the content of a soundscape
A
technological advances, shifts in generational tastes, its contact or exposure to other soundscapes
8
Q
ethnomusicology is a field that combines the study of music with the concerns and methods of
A
anthropology
9
Q
different instruments have different tone qualities because of the presence and relative strength of
A
particular partials
10
Q
Ethnomusicologists often participate in the tradition they study
A
true
11
Q
What is one of the most effective ways to learn about a musical practice
A
participation actively in the tradition you are studying
12
Q
A soundmark is
A
a sound that identifies a given place and time
13
Q
Ethnomusicologists often conduct fieldwork to study music traditions that are no longer performed
A
false
14
Q
What aspects of a soundscape form its setting
A
everything from the venue to the behavior of those present
15
Q
How can outside observers of a particular musical culture become sensitive to its meanings
A
by discussing the music with musicians and other cultural insiders, by carefully considering insiders’ points of view, by repeated exposure to the music
16
Q
What music do ethnomusicologists study today
A
any and all musical phenomena in a variety of places
17
Q
Chinese bowed string instrument
A
erhu
18
Q
keyboard used to operate a carillon
A
baton console
19
Q
An Australian aboriginal instrument
A
didjeridu
20
Q
the special tone quality of an instrument or voice
A
timbre
21
Q
A style of Tuvan throat singing with whistle-like hamronics
A
sygyt
22
Q
What is distinctive about the Tuvan vocal style called Khoomii
A
Two sounds are produced at the same time; a low, steady tone with a higher tone above
23
Q
What do Khoomii singers try to do
A
Depict sounds of nature in order to reinforce their connection to the physical environment of Tuva
24
Q
Ethnomusicology
A
A field of study that joins the concerns and methods of anthropology with the study of music
25
soundscape
The distinctive sounds, settings, and significances of music
26
sound
vibrations with frequencies in the audible spectrum quality, duration, pitch, intensity
27
The context of a musical performance, place, structure of performance space, and behavior of those present
setting
28
Research, including observation and participation of living traditions
fieldwork
29
notes written down to record observations in the field
field notes
30
The process of identifying a musical scene and studying the soundscape of which it is a part
musical ethnography
31
The range of meanings constructed by musicians and listeners in response to musical sound and its settings
significance
32
What a researcher does when studying a living tradition during fieldwork
participant-observation
33
close, analytical listening in order to recognize characteristics of sound, formal structure, and aspects of musical styles
critical listening
34
the science that deals with sound
acoustics
35
The highness or lowness of a sound
pitch
36
The lowest tone in a harmonic series
fundamental tone
37
The series of simple vibrations that combine to create a complex pitched sound
harmonics or partials
38
The harmonics above the fundamental
overtones
39
The distinctiveness of a particular voice or instrument, arising from acoustical properties of the harmonic series. Also called quality
timbre
40
A style of khoomii characterized by text sung in a low register
kargyraa
41
Literally "stirrup;" a type of khoomii that features a rhythmic pulsing, said to imitate singing while riding a horse
ezengileer
42
Australian aerophone made from a hollowed-out, long piece of hardwood
didjeridu
43
The absence of sound
silence
44
The purposeful organization of the quality, pitch, duration, and intensity of sound
music
45
the voices and instruments that produce musical sound and whose vibrations give rise to our perceptions of quality
sound sources
46
The color of a sound, arising from acoustical properties of the harmonic series
quality
47
A regular fluctuation of a sound, produced by varying the pitch of the sound
vibrato
48
vocal style sung without audible vibrato
straight tone
49
A singing voice that is rough or gruff in quality
raspy
50
sound resonated from within the chest, with a low, powerful throaty vocal quality
chest voice
51
A light, bright tone resonated in the head
head voice
52
Male head voice
falsetto
53
A buzzing vocal quality produced by using the sinuses and mask of the face as sound resonators
nasal
54
The perceived loundess or softness of a sound
intensity
55
A series of pitches set forth in ascending or descending order.
scale
56
A sequence of pitches, also called a tune, heard in the foreground of music
melody
57
stepwise melodic movement using small intervals, as opposed to disjunct motion
conjunct, conjunct motion
58
Melodic motion by leaps of large intervals,
disjunct, disjunct motion
59
Melodic, rhythmic, and timbral elaborations or decorations such as gracings, rekrek, and grace notes
ornaments
60
A brief section of music that sounds somewhat complete in itself
phrase
61
The short, regular element of times that underlies beat and rhythm
pulse
62
An individual pulse
beat
63
The temporal relationships within music
rhythm
64
Music's rate of speed or pace
tempo
65
A term describing the regular pulse of much of Western Classical music and its divisions into regular groupings of two, three, four, or six beats
meter
66
The unit of time in western music and notation in which one grouping of meter takes place
measure
67
emphasis on a pitch by any of several means
accent
68
Assymetrical groupings
irregular meter
69
Rhythm that is not organized around a regular pulse
free rhythm
70
The study of musical instruments
organology
71
A classifical of musical instruments
Sachs-Hornbostel system
72
instruments that produce sound by being vibrated
idiophones
73
instruments with strings that can be plucked or bowed
chordophones
74
Chordophone whose strings are stretched along a neck and body
lute
75
Chordophone whose strings run at an angle away from the soundboard
harp
76
Chordophone whose strings are stretched over a soundboard and attached to a crossbar that spans the top of a yoke
lyre
77
A chordophone without a neck or yoke whose strings are stretched parallel to the soundboard
zither
78
Instruments that sound by means of vibrating air
aerophones
79
instruments whose sound is produced by a membrane stretched over an opening
membranophones
80
Instruments that produce sound using electricity
electrophones
81
the perceived relationship of simultaneous musical sounds
texture
82
a single melodic line sounded by one voice or instrument, or more than one, sounding the same melody at the same time
monophony
83
A two-voiced texture in which the lower part sustains a continuous pitch (drone) while the upper part sounds a melody
biphony
84
A musical texture, where the parts perform different pitches but move in the same rhythm
homophony
85
A musical texture in which two or more parts move in contrasting directions at the same time
polyphony
86
A musical texture in which two or more parts sound almost the same melody at almost the same time; often with the parts ornamented differently
heterophony
87
The structure of a musical piece as established by its qualities, intensities, pitches, and duration
form
88
A form in which all verses of text are set to the same melody. Strophic form can include a refrain that is sung between verses
strophic form
89
A fixed stanza of text and music that recurs between verses of a strophic song
refrain
90
Alignment of body motion to music heard
musical entrainment
91
The Indian system for organizing meolodies according to their distinctive pitch content, ornaments, and associations
raga
92
Indian category of melody associated with lullabies and sleep
raga nilambari
93
Emotion associated with a particular Indian raga
rasa
94
Music of south India
Karnatak
95
Indian notation that names the seven main pitches
sargam
96
Individual pitch within a raga, identified by position and and associated ornaments
svara
97
Ornament in South Indian music
gamaka
98
South Indian devotional song
kriti
99
An Indian rhythmic framework consisting of time cycles that contain a fixed number of counts
tala
100
Tala with eight beats 4+2+2
Tala Adi
101
South Indian double-headed drum
mrdangam
102
An aerophone with one or more drones and a chanter, all attached to an air reservoir or an airbag
bagpipe
103
Gaelic name for the great Highland bagpipes
piob mhor
104
Irish smallpipes with three drones, a keyed chanter, and a bellows to fill the bag
uilleann pipes
105
pipe with finger holes on which a bagpiper plays a melody
chanter
106
The pipe through which a bagpiper blows to fill the bag
blowpipe
107
pipes that sound a constant tone but are not fingered
drone pipes
108
the practice of inserting grace notes into bagpipe melodies
gracings
109
The addition of one or more notes in slight anticipation of a pitch
grace notes
110
Group of several grace notes in bagpipe music, one of which has the same pitch as the note ornamented
doubling
111
A quick ornamental figure of two adjacent pitches in bagpipe music
birl
112
A quick ornamental figure of two nonadjacent pitches that serves as a set of grace notes in bagpipe music
grip
113
Vocal music that imitates the sound of the bagpipe
canntaireachd
114
Traditional Irish mouth music
dydeling
115
Ornamented, quick note preceding the main pitch in Irish Bagpipe music
clip
116
a genre of solo bagpipe music that consists of a set of elaborate variations on a theme
pibroch, piobaireachd
117
A lively dance tune popular in Ireland and among Irish Americans
jig
118
A social or musical even dating back to the eighteenth century and associated with Celtic traditions
ceildh
119
A genre of Scottish and Irish dance music typically played on a bagpipe
reel
120
A flat bodied, plucked string instrument
zither
121
sounds seem higher or lower because of their
pitch
122
What is the universal definition of music
Impossible to give one
123
Who is Ganesh
the God of learning and auspicious beings
124
The atumpan are talking drums once used to communicate and tell historical narratives
true
125
non praise parts of Jay Ganesh
vibraphone, sitar, and zither accompany classical, popular, and devotional music
126
Highlife draws on
church hymns, sea chanteys, european military band music, and piano music
127
popular musical style in Ghana drawing on its past
highlife
128
The Agbadza dance music has what kind of instruments and texture
idiophones and membranophones in a polyphonic and polyrhythmic texture
129
What do praise Ganesh and Mum-bhai have in common
Both contain local sounds as well as sounds of international musical textures
130
Is raga nilambari used only for lullabies
No, it can also be used in ritual music used to lull deities to sleep as well as in compositions with no explicit connection to lullabies or sleep, though it continues to carry that significance for the knowledgeable listener.
131
What is the term for the social movement that self-consciously popularizes or re-establishes music whose tradition is broken or seen to be in a precarious state?
A. revivalism
132
Music most often conveys meaning by:
association with another phenomenon, such as an idea.
133
The mrdangam drum can produce rhythms, but not alterations in pitch.
False
134
What is the main function of a bagpipe's bag?
It allows the player to keep the sound going continuously.
135
What is the general term for South Indian classical music, a tradition in which raga nilambari can often be heard?
Karnatak music
136
How did the use of bagpipes after the attacks on New York City and Washington DC on September 11, 2001 reframe the historical use of the bagpipes in the American public consciousness, associating the instrument with that time of national tragedy?
The bagpipe squad of the Fire Department of New York City played at the funeral of every firefighter who died in the line of duty.
137
What is a major difference between the typical Irish bagpipes and the Scottish Highland pipes?
The Highland pipes are larger and have a blowpipe with which the player supplies air to the bag, whereas the Irish pipes' bag is filled with air by a bellows
