Test 1 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is the premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant target by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience?
Terrorism
How do terrorist get the funding for their attacks?
Illicit Drug Trading
What is an activity aimed at making illegally obtained and, therefore, untaxed funds appear legitimate?
Money Laundering
What is the body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon?
Criminology
Who must collect information for study and analysis in accordance with the research methods of modern science?
Criminologist
What term is used when a criminologist describes behavior that violates social norms including laws?
Deviance
What is any human conduct that violates a criminal law and is subject to punishment?
Crime
Who held the view that some form of behavior are innately criminal and that all societies condemn them equally?
Natural-Law Philosophers
According to this view, certain acts are deemed so threatening to the society’s survival that they are designated crimes.
Consensus Model
What model assumes that members of a society by and large agree on what is right and wrong?
Consensus Model
What model believes that the criminal law expresses the values of the ruling class in a society, and the criminal justice system is a means of controlling the classes that have no power?
Conflict Model
What means a “guilty mind”?
Mens Rea
What is an expression to the Mens Rea requirement?
Strict Liability
What are civil wrongs for which the law does not prescribe punishment but merely grants the injured party the right to recover damages?
Torts
What are severe crimes, subject to punishments of a year or more in prison or to capital punishment?
Felonies
What are less-severe crimes, subject to a maximum of 1 year in jail?
Misdemeanors
What are minor offenses, normally subject only to fines?
Violations
What is a systematic set of principles that explain how tow or more phenomena are related?
Theory
What is a testable proportion that describes how two or more factors are related?
Hypothesis
What is a collection of facts, observations, and other pertinent information?
Data
The facts and observations researchers gather for the purpose of a particular study is called what?
Primary Data
What is the systematic collection of respondents’ answers to questions asked in questionnaires or interviews;
Survey
What is a technique used in the physical, biological, and social sciences?
Experiments
What are factors that may change?
Variables
