Test 1

Question 1

Bilabial

Answer 1

Formed by closure or near closure of the lips as p, b, m, w

Question 2

Labiodental

Answer 2

Made with the lips and teeth, for example f and v

Question 3

Interdental

Answer 3

Produced by placing the tip of the tongue between the upper and lower front teeth

Question 4

Alveolar

Answer 4

Articulated with the tongue against or close to your be superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli of the upper teeth

Question 5

Palatal

Answer 5

Articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate.

Question 6

Velar

Answer 6

Pronounced with the back of the tongue near the soft palate, as in k and g in English

Question 7

Glottal

Answer 7

Using the glottis as their primary articulation

Question 8

Stop

Answer 8

A consonant sound characterized by the momentary blocking of some part of the oral cavity

Question 9

Nasal

Answer 9

Speech sounds in which the airstream passes through the nose as a result of lowering of the soft palate at the back of the mouth

Question 10

Fricative

Answer 10

Produced by bringing the mouth into position to block the passage of the airstream, but not making complete closure, so that air moving through the mouth generates audible friction

Question 11

Affricate

Answer 11

Begins as a stop and concludes as a fricative

Question 12

Glide

Answer 12

A sound that is phonetically similar to a vowel sound but functions as the syllable boundary, rather than as the nucleus of a syllable

Question 13

Liquid

Answer 13

A consonant sound in which the tongue produces a partial closure in the mouth, resulting in a resonant

Question 14

Phonology

Answer 14

The classification of sounds within the system of a particular language or languages

Question 15

Morphology

Answer 15

The study of words and other meaningful units of language

Question 16

Syntax

Answer 16

The study of sentences and phrases, and the rules of grammar that sentences obey

Question 17

Semantics

Answer 17

The literal meaning of sentences, phrases, words, and morphemes

Question 18

Lexicon

Answer 18

The vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge

Question 19

Descriptive grammar

Answer 19

Refers to an objective, nonjudgmental description of the grammatical constructions in a language

Question 20

Prescriptive grammar

Answer 20

The attempt to establish rules defining preferred or correct usage of language

Question 21

Teaching grammar

Answer 21

The types of grammars that are written to help people learn a foreign language or dialect of their own

Question 22

Universal grammar

Answer 22

The theory of the genetic component of the language faculty. A certain set of structural rules are innate to humans, independent of sensory experience.

Question 23

Literacy

Answer 23

The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts.

Question 24

Orthography

Answer 24

Graphemes (written symbols) correspond to phonemes (significant spoken sounds) of the language.

Question 25

Phonetics

Answer 25

The study and classification of speech sounds

Question 26

Discourse

Answer 26

A unit of language longer than a single sentence

Question 27

Pragmatics

Answer 27

The study of the use of natural language in communication

Question 28

Linguistic competence

Answer 28

The system of linguistic knowledge possessed by native speakers of a language of

Question 29

Linguistic performance

Answer 29

The way a language is used in communication

Question 30

Prealphabetic phase

Answer 30

Words are not decoded in an alphabetic sense but as icons

Question 31

Early alphabetic phase

Answer 31

A person can identify the names and major sounds of most consonants

Question 32

Later alphabetic phase

Answer 32

A person is apt to decode many words letter by letter

Question 33

Orthographic/consolidated phase

Answer 33

A person groups common patterns of letters and sounds as units

Question 34

International Phonetic Association (IPA)

Answer 34

An organization that promotes the scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science

Question 35

Pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism

Answer 35

Where the air is pushed out of the lungs by the ribs and diaphragm

Question 36

Place of articulation

Answer 36

The point of contact where an obstruction occurs in the vocal tract between an articulatory gesture, an active articulator, and a passive location

Question 37

Manner of articulation

Answer 37

The configuration and interaction of the articulators when making a speech sound

Question 38

b, bb

Answer 38

[b]

Question 39

d, dd, ed

Answer 39

[d]

Question 40

f, ff, ph, gh, lf, ft

Answer 40

[f]

Question 41

g, gg, gh, gu, gue

Answer 41

[g]

Question 42

h, wh

Answer 42

[h]

Question 43

j, ge, g, dge, di, gg (jam, wage, giraffe, edge, soldier, exaggerate)

Answer 43

[ ʤ ]

Question 44

k, c, ch, cc, lk, qu. q(u), ck, x

Answer 44

[k]

Question 45

l, ll

Answer 45

[l]

Question 46

m, mm, mb, mn, lm

Answer 46

[m]

Question 47

n, nn, kn, gn, pn

Answer 47

[n]

Question 48

p, pp

Answer 48

[p]

Question 49

r, rr, wr, rh

Answer 49

[r]

Question 50

s, ss, c, sc, ps, st, ce, se

Answer 50

[s]

Question 51

t, tt, th, ed

Answer 51

[t]

Question 52

v, f, ph, ve

Answer 52

[v]

Question 53

w, wh, u, o

Answer 53

[w]

Question 54

z, zz, s, ss, x, ze, se

Answer 54

[z]

Question 55

s, si, z (treasure, division, azure)

Answer 55

[ ʒ ]

Question 56

ch, tch, tu, ti, te (chip, watch, future, action, righteous)

Answer 56

[ʧ ]

Question 57

sh, ce, s, ci, si, ch, sci, ti (sham, ocean, sure, special, pension, machine, conscience, station)

Answer 57

[ ʃ ]

Question 58

th (thongs)

Answer 58

[ θ ]

Question 59

th (leather)

Answer 59

[ ð ]

Question 60

ng, n, ngue (ring, pink, tongue)

Answer 60

[ ŋ ]

Question 61

y, i, j (you, onion, hallelujah)

Answer 61

[j]

Question 62

a, ai, au (cat, plaid, laugh)

Answer 62

[æ ]

Question 63

a, ai, eigh, aigh, ay, er, et, ei, au, a_e, ea, ey (bay, maid, weigh, straight, pay, foyer, filet, eight, gauge, mate, break, they)

Answer 63

[eI]

Question 64

e, ea, u, ie, ai, a, eo, ei, ae (end, bread, bury, friend, said, many, leopard, heifer, aesthetic)

Answer 64

[e]

Question 65

e, ee, ea, y, ey, oe, ie, i, ei, eo, ay (be, bee, meat, lady, key, pheonix, grief, ski, deceive, people, quay)

Answer 65

[i]

Question 66

i, e, o, u, ui, y, ie (it, england, women, busy, guild, gym, sleve)

Answer 66

[I]

Question 67

i, y, igh, ie, uy, ye, ai, is, eigh, i_e (spider, sky, night, pie, guy, stye, aisle, island, height, kite)

Answer 67

[aI]

Question 68

o, oa, o_e, oe, ow, ough, eau, oo, ew (open, moat, bone, toe, sow, dough, beau, brooch, sew)

Answer 68

[oʊ]

Question 69

o, oo, u, ou (wolf, look, bush, would)

Answer 69

[ʊ]

Question 70

u, o, oo, ou (lug, monkey, blood, double)

Answer 70

[ʌ]

Question 71

o, oo, ew, ue, u_e, oe, ough, ui, oew, ou (who, loon, dew, blue, flute, shoe, through, fruit, maneuver, group)

Answer 71

[u:]

Question 72

oi, oy, uoy (join, boy, buoy)

Answer 72

[ɔI]

Question 73

ow, ou, ough (now, shout, bough)

Answer 73

[aʊ]

Question 74

a, er, i, ar, our, ur (about, ladder, pencil, dollar, honour, augur)

Answer 74

[ ə ]