test 1 Flashcards
what does a one liner contain
Name
Age and occupation
Problem and diagnoses (or symptoms and differentials)
how is the patient in relation to their problem/diagnosis”
Impression statement
what is your assessment?
impression not your physical exam
what age is the airway anatomy and physiology similar to an adult
8 years old
in infants and young children what part is anatomically much larger in proportion to the rest of the skull and more protuberant than that in an adult
occiput
When the child is in a supine position, there is more neck ______ and potential for _______
flexion
airway obstruction
sinusitis can lead to _____ of the overlying dermal layers or ____ formation
cellulitis
abscess formation
where is the landmark for the tip into which the tip of a curved McIntosh laryngoscope blade is inserted during an intubation attempt
The vallecular space which is the area between the glossoepiglottic folds
resistance in a tube is inversely proportional to the radius to the fourth power
what is this
example?
Poiseuille’s law of resistance
demonstrated clinically when edema or secretions reduce the airway size in children and resp distress occurs
the amount of air that can occupy space in the lung
lung capacity
the amount of air that does occupy space in the lung
lung volume
the maximum amount of air the lung can hold after a maximal inspiration
Total lung capacity (TLC)
the maximal amount of air forcefully expired after a maximum inspiration
Vital capacity (VC)
the air present in the lung after completion of a forced expiration
Residual volume (RV)
the sum of vital capacity (VC) and residual volume (RV)
Total lung capacity (TLC)
___ decreases with increases in RV
examples
VC
as in the case of obstructive airway diseases such as asthma and emphysema
describes the lungs remaining volume at the end of normal expiration
functional residual capacity (FRC)
films useful in the evaluation of nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and laryngeal pathology
lateral and AP films of neck
what x rays are useful in foreign body aspiration in cooperative patients and younger pt who may not be cooperative
inspiratory and expiratory AP CXR
decubitus CXR
if a tracheal compression is suspected, what test can you order
Barium esophagrams
further imaging such as MRI or angiography is warranted prior to surgical correction
imaging for soft tissue and pathology of face and neck
ultrasound
examples retropharyngeal or peritonsillar abscess
useful for difficulties involving nasal and paranasal structures
CT
ABG values that support the diagnosis of resp failure
PaO2 less than 60
PaCO2 of greater than 50
fluid resuscitation
isotonic crystalloids (NS or LR) 10-20ml/kg