Test 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the 2 main functions of the urinary system?
To remove waste
To maintain fluid balance in the body
Define cortex
Outer layer of kidney
Define medulla
Inner layer of kidney
What is a urinalysis
A physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of the urine
What is a urinalysis done for?
- To screen patients for the presence of disease
- To evaluate the effectiveness of medication therapy
- To diagnose a pathological condition
Which is bigger: Afferent Arteriole or Efferent Arteriole?
Afferent
Explain the process of urine formation
Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
Where is blood filtered after it goes through the glomerulus?
Bowman’s Capsule
List the anatomy of the urinary system, in order of largest to smallest
- Kidneys
- Nephrons
- Ureters
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
- Urinary meatus
How much urine can the bladder hold?
800 ml
What is the urinary meatus?
External opening of the uretha
True or false:
The urinary meatus doesn’t normally contain microorganisms
False - it does contain MOs
What are the nephrons?
The functional units of the kidney
What are nephrons also known as?
Mini factories
What is the function of nephrons?
They filter waste substances not needed in the body
They also reabsorb substances that the body needs
Define hilus/hilum
A depression where blood vessels and nerves go in and out in different organs
Define renal pelvis
a hollow structure where the urine flows
Define oliguria
a marked decrease in urine flow caused by dehydration
Define anuria
complete stoppage of urine flow
What is urethral stenosis?
abnormal narrowing of the urethra
Define prepuce
foreskin
Define nocturnal enuresis
involuntary passing of urine while asleep
How much of urine is water?
95%
What makes up the other 5% of urine?
Solutes
