Test 1:Chapter 1 And 2

Question 1

Law

Answer 1

A concise statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions

Question 2

Theory

Answer 2

A unifying principle that explained a body of facts and/or those laws that are based on them

Question 3

Chemistry

Answer 3

The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

Question 4

Substance

Answer 4

A form of matter that has a definite composition and distinct properties

Question 5

Mixture

Answer 5

Combination of 2 or more substances that retain theri distinct identities

Question 6

Homogeneous

Answer 6

Mixture that is the same throughout

Question 7

Heterogeneous

Answer 7

Mixture that is not uniform throughout

Question 8

What can be used to separate a mixture

Answer 8

Physical means

Question 9

Element

Answer 9

A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means

Question 10

Compound

Answer 10

A substance composed of atoms of 2 or more elements chemically united

Question 11

How can a compound be separated

Answer 11

Chemical means

Question 12

What are 3 states of matter

Answer 12

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 13

Extensive property

Answer 13

Depends on how much matter is being considered

Ex. Mass, length, volume

Question 14

Intensive property

Answer 14

A material does not depend on how much matter is being considered
Ex, density, temp. Color

Question 15

Mass

Answer 15

Measure of the quantity of matter

Kg

Question 16

Weight

Answer 16

Force gravity exerts on an object

Question 17

Density

Answer 17

Kg/m^3

D=m/v

Question 18

List. Prefixes of si units

Answer 18

Tera.  12
Giga. 9
Mega. 6
Kilo.   3
Deci-1
Centi-2
Mili-3
Micro-6
Nano-9
Pick-12

Question 19

Conversion factor for L

Answer 19

1 dm^3 = 1 L

1 cm^3= 1 mL

Question 20

Conversion of K to C

Answer 20

K=C+273.15

Question 21

Conversion of C and F

Answer 21

F= 9/5C+32

Question 22

Scientific notation rules for multiplication and division

Answer 22

Multiplication- multiply numbers and add exponents

Division- divide numbers and subtract exponents

Question 23

Sig fig rules addition and subtraction

Answer 23

Least decimal point

Question 24

Sig fig rules for multiplication/division

Answer 24

Smallest number(# of sig figs)

Question 25

Other Sig fig rule

Answer 25

Exact numbers do not contribute to sig fig

Question 26

Miles to feet

Answer 26

1 mile= 5,280 feet

Question 27

Quarts to liter

Answer 27

1 at. =.946 L

Question 28

Grams to pounds

Answer 28

454 grams= 1 pound

Question 29

Centimeters to inches

Answer 29

2.54 cm = 1 in.

Question 30

Kilometers to miles

Answer 30

1.609 km= 1 mil

Question 31

Daltons Atomic Theory

Answer 31

1808 1. Elements are composed of atoms 2. All atoms of an element are identical 3. Compounds are atoms of more than one element 4. A chemical reaction only combines, separates or rearranges atoms

Question 32

Law of multiple proportions

Answer 32

Different ratios make different compounds

Question 33

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 33

Never create or destroy any matter; contains same amount of mass

Question 34

Law of definite proportion

Answer 34

Same ratio=same compound

Question 35

Thomson

Answer 35

Cathode ray tube Found the electron Plum pudding model of atom

Question 36

Rutherford

Answer 36

Found nucleus | Atom was mostly empty space with concentration of nucleus in center

Question 37

Chadwick

Answer 37

Found neutron

Question 38

Atomic number

Answer 38

Z | Number of protons

Question 39

Mass number

Answer 39

A | Number of protons and neutrons

Question 40

Isotopes

Answer 40

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

Question 41

Molecule

Answer 41

An aggregate of two or more atoms in an arrangement

Question 42

Diatomic molecule

Answer 42

Contains only 2 atoms

Question 43

Polyatomic molecule

Answer 43

Has more than 2 atoms

Question 44

Group 1a

Answer 44

Alkali metals Most reactive Never found by themselves

Question 45

Group 2a

Answer 45

Alkali earth metals | 2nd most reactive

Question 46

Group 7a

Answer 46

Halogens Reactive n Never found by themselves

Question 47

Group 8a

Answer 47

Noble gases Don't combine with anything Unreactive Argon: most abundant on earth

Question 48

Ion

Answer 48

An atom or group of atoms that is charged

Question 49

Cation

Answer 49

Positive charged ion | Subtract electrons

Question 50

Anion

Answer 50

Negative charged ion | Add electrons

Question 51

Monoatomic ion

Answer 51

1 atom

Question 52

Polyatomic ion

Answer 52

More than one atom

Question 53

Mercury

Answer 53

Hg 2+ or -

Question 54

Tin

Answer 54

Sn 2+ or 4+

Question 55

Lead

Answer 55

Pb 2+ or 4+

Question 56

Copper

Answer 56

Cu 1+ or 2+

Question 57

Cobalt

Answer 57

Co 2+ or 3+

Question 58

Manganese

Answer 58

Mn 2+ or 3+

Question 59

Molecular formula

Answer 59

Exact number of atoms of each element in the smallest unit of the substance

Question 60

Empirical formula

Answer 60

Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a substance

Question 61

Ionic compounds

Answer 61

Combination of cations and anions Formula is usually the same as the empirical formula Sum of charges must = 0 Shaped like a crystal lattice

Question 62

What forms ionic compounds

Answer 62

Metals and nonmetals

Question 63

Ionic compound nomenclature

Answer 63

Metal and nonmetal | "Cation" "anion"ide

Question 64

Transition Metal ionic compound nomenclature

Answer 64

Indicate charge with Roman numerals | Right behind the cation

Question 65

Molecular compound nomenclature

Answer 65

Nonmetals or nonmetals and metalloids Uses prefixes to indicate number of atoms Last element ends in ide

Question 66

Greek prefixes for molecular compounds

Answer 66

``` Mono 1. Hexa 6 Di 2. Hepta 7 Tri 3. Octa 8 Tetra 4. Nona 9 Penta 5. Deca 10 ```