Test 1 - chp 1 Flashcards by Angela Ledford

General functions of epi

absorption, secretion, barrier

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Complete basement membrane

basal lamina + reticular lamina

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incomplete basement membrane

basal lamina only

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Functions of CT

nutrition and source of defensive cells

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zonula occludens AKA

tight junctions

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zonula occludens fxn

strong attachment & prevent passage of materials

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zonula adherins AKA

adhesion belt

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zonula adherins consist of

cadherins and marginal bands

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zonula adherins fxn

strong attachment, structural stability

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macula adherens aka

desmosome

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macula adherens fxn

strong attachment

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gap junction

6 connexins in a cylinder

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gap junction fxn

strong attachment, transport materials between cells

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junctional complex order from free edge

zonula occludens, zonula ahderens, macula adherens

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simple squamous locations

lung, bowman’s capsule, serosa

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simple cuboidal

exocrine ducts, thyroid follicular cells, kidney tubules

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simple squamous fxn

filter barrier, secretion

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simple cuboidal fxn

absorption, secretion, barrier

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simple columnar location

stomach, SI, gallbladder, larger exocrine ducts

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simple columnar fxn

absorption, secretion, barrier

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respiratory epi location

trachea, respiratory region/nasal cavity, bronchi

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cell types of respiratory epi

goblet cells, ciliated columnar, basal

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goblet cells fxn

produce mucus

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ciliated columnar cells fxn

move mucus

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basal cell fxn

be stem cell

microvilli location

kidney tubule cells, SI

microvilli fxn

increase SA = increase absorption

stereocilia location

epididymis and cochlear hair cells

cilia location

trachea or oviduct

cells with cilia

many mito, basal bodies block free surface= NO absorption/secretion

glycocalyx location

stomach and SI

glycocalyx fxn

protection and cell recognition

stratified squamous location

esophagus, oral cavity, tongue, vagina

stratified squamous fxn

protection in MOIST environment

keratinized stratified squamous location

skin

keratinized stratified squamous fxn

protection in DRY environment

layers of skin (free edge --> deepest)

stratum corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

stratum basale

1-2 layers of keratinocytes = mitotic

stratum spinosum

multiple layers of "spiny shaped" keratinocytes - produce keratin

stratum granulosum

2-5 layers of flattened living keratinocytes, keratin and lipid production

stratum lucidum

thin layer of dead or dying keratinocytes = only THICK SKIN

stratum corneum

dead cells, keratin, lipids

stratum corneum fxn

prevent water loss, barrier to microbes, protect against abrasions

melanocytes

protect against UV radiation, STRATUM BASALE

Langerhans cells

recognize and process external antigens and APC, STRATUM SPINOSUM

merkel cells

touch receptors, STRATUM BASALE

4 cell types of skin

keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans, merkel

stratified cuboidal location

larger ducts in sweat and salivary gl

stratified cuboidal layers

basal = flat, superficial = cuboid

stratified cuboidal fxn

increase protection, barrier

stratified columnar location

large ducts/pancreas, male urethra, conjuctiva

stratified columnar layers

basal = flat/cuboid, superficial = columnar

stratified columnar fxn

increase protection, transition between epi, barrier

transitional/urinary location

urinary tract

urinary fxn

protection, stretch, barrier

psoriasis vulgaris

patchy skin lesions, accelerated keratinocyte life cycle, accumulation in st corneum

freckles

spots with extra pigment, increase in melanin w/o increase in melanocyte numbers

vitiligo

patches w/o melanocytes

moles

discoloration due to proliferation of melanocytes

malignant melanoma

melanocytes become mitotically active and invade dermis

albinism

melanocytes fail to produce melanin (MC = lack tyrosinase)

exocrine secretion of epi glands

product released into duct or directly onto epi surface

merocrine/eccrine ex (MC, exocytosis)

goblet, salivary, pancreas, ALL kid sweat glands, many adult sweat glands

holocrine ex (cell dies, odor)

sebaceous gl, tarsal gl

apocrine ex (minimal cell damage, odor)

lactating mammary gl, some adult sweat gl, ceruminous gl, ciliary gl

serous glands produce

proteins

serous gl ex

pancreas, parotid gl,, chief cells in stomach

mucus gland produce

mucus

mucus gl ex

goblet, mucous cells in stomach, minor salivary gl/tongue and palate

mixed gland produce

serous and mucus

mixed glands ex

sublingual and submandibular salivary gl

endocrine secretion

released into nearby CT for vascular dispersal to target cells/hormone

paracrine endocrine secretion

signal close to target sell (hormone does not enter blood)

autocrine endocrine secretion

signaling cell is its own target