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Anesthesia Pharm Spring '25 > Test 1: History > Flashcards

Test 1: History Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

The following 4 areas require an assessment to determine which stage of sedation you have acheived.

A

1- Responsiveness
2- Airway
3- Spontaneous ventilation
4- CV function

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2
Q

________ focused on the benefits of anesthesia mainly for the surgeon

A

Hippocrates

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3
Q

Who discovered ether?

A

Valerius Cordus

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4
Q

Who discovered Nitrous Oxide

A

Joseph Priestly

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5
Q

This person discovered many elements/salts and was the first to suggest the use of Nitrous Oxide for surgical pain control.

A

Humphry Davy

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6
Q

The Chicago surgeon who first administered nitrous and oxygen together.

A

Andrews

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7
Q

__________ utilized ether for a patient with 2 vascular neck tumors

A

Crawford Long

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8
Q

_________ utilized ether as an anesthetic for denture fittings

A

William Morton

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9
Q

In the year ________ the first public demonstration of ether occurred at the ether dome.

A

1846

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10
Q

The father of big Pharma who developed a process that resulted in pure ether

A

Dr Robinson Squibb

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11
Q

The obstetrician who first utilized chloroform

A

James Simpson

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12
Q

_______ documented chloroforms hepatotoxicity in children

A

Guthrie

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13
Q

______ documented the development of Vfib when utilizing chloroform in animals

A

Levy

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14
Q

The ophthalmologist who not only utilized cocaine to anesthetize the eye but was also buddies with Sigmund Freud

A

Koller

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15
Q

The first regional nerve block with cocaine was performed by Dr

A

Halsted

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16
Q

This volatile anesthetic was lest explosive but had a lower onset and was responsible for a hepatitis outbreak

A

Halothane

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17
Q

The father of MAC (minimal alveolar concentration) anesthesia

A

Edmund Egar

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18
Q

This Dr from the Cleveland clinic utilized the local anesthetic procaine in hopes to achieve better outcomes.

A

George Crile

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19
Q

This Dr recorded HR and BP to accompany his anesthetic records and also, in hopes of better outcomes, provided regional blocks prior to emergence from Ether

A

Harvey Cushing

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20
Q

Early on, this type of anesthesia created a high incidence of awareness, dysphoria, and extrapyramidal movements

A

Neurolept anesthesia

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21
Q

The 3 phases of anesthesia

A

1- induction
2- maintenance
3- emergence

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22
Q

Stage 1 of anesthesia

A

1- Beginning of induction to loss of consciousness

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23
Q

Stage 2 of anesthesia

A

2- Loss of consciousness to onset of automatic breathing

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24
Q

Stage 3 of anesthesia

A

3- Onset of automatic respiration to respiratory paralysis

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25
Stage 4 of anesthesia
4. Stoppage of respirations until death
26
what happens in stage 1; plane 1
1- No amnesia or analgesia
27
what happens in Stage 1; plane 2 of anesthesia
2- Amnestic but only partially analgesic
28
what happens in Stage 1; plane 3 of anesthesia
3- Complete analgesia and amnesia
29
Stage 2 of anesthesia can be recognized by the following symptoms
1- Eyelash reflex disappears 2- coughing, vomiting, struggling may occur 3- Irregular respirations when breath holding.
30
What happens in stage 3; plane 1 of anesthesia
1- Automatic respiration to cessation of eyeball movement
31
What happens in stage 3; plane 2 of anesthesia
2- Cessation of eyeball movements to beginning of intercostal muscle paralysis; secretion of tears increase
32
What happens in stage 3; plane 3 of anesthesia
3- Beginning to completion of intercostal muscle paralysis; pupils dilate; desired plane prior to muscle relaxants
33
What happens in stage 3; plane 4 of anesthesia
4- complete intercostal paralysis to diaphragmatic paralysis
34
Sedation is a ________ of consciousness.
Spectrum - ranging from awake to unconscious.
35
Underneath Apollos temple a prophet had recently been exposed to ______
Ethylene fumes
36
The author of Materia Medica
Dioscorides
37
An early reversal of anesthesia was achieved by
smelling vinegar
38
The 2 creators of IV access who got a dog drunk and noticed it's short term effects
Christopher Wren and Robert Boyle
39
The dentist who used Nitrous on himself to extract teeth and provided it at Mass General in 1845 for an amputation.
Horace Wells
40
The humbug of nitrous as described by Horace Wells was
The patient moved around too much during their amputation.
41
Early on Nitrous administration had high incidences of hypoxia because it was administered with _______
air
42
The first anesthesia machine with nitrous and oxygen.
Hewitt
43
4 disadvantages of ether
1- highly flammable 2- prolonged induction and emergence 3- unpleasant and persistent odor 4- high incidence of nausea and vomiting
44
The anesthetist of queen Victoria who also discovered the cause of London's Cholera outbreak
Dr John Snow
45
The country of _________ claimed anesthesia with chloroform was very safe with proper methods, training, and ventilation
Hyderabad
46
This famous Dr performed the first spinal anesthetic with cocaine and also developed a block that bares their namesake.
Dr August Bier
47
The first nurse anesthetist
Sister Mary Bernard
48
The mother of anesthesia who was the verified GOAT at ether drop method
Alice Magaw
49
This woman founded the AANA and opened one of the first nurse anesthesia schools
Agatha Hodgins
50
This anesthetic was developed as 1934 and is described as being violently expolsive
Cyclopropane
51
This volatile anesthetic was deemed safter and faster than halothane and is still in use today.
Isoflurane
52
This rapid anesthetic has a high vapor pressure and requires large quantities for adequate anesthesia
Desflurane
53
This intermediate acting volatile anesthetic is the latest inhaled anesthetic synthesized
Sevoflurane
54
The triad of anesthesia contains the following 3 corners
Amnesia, analgesia, and muscle relaxation
55
The muscle relaxants today are a derivative of _______ from poison darts
curare
56
Balanced anesthesia achieves the following 4 things
1- Muscle relaxation 2- Amnesia 3- Analgesia 4- Homeostasis
57
This Dr was deadly fast, he killed his patient and 2 assistants during an amputation procedure.
Dr Liston
58
Define anesthesia
The lack of feeling or sensation
59
Define general anesthesia
Drug-induced loss of consciousness during which patients are not arousable, even by painful stimulation
60
Define regional anesthesia
Insensibility caused by interrupting the sensory nerve conduction of a particular region of the body.
61
Sedation can be divided into these 3 stages
1- minimal (anxiolysis) 2- moderate 3- deep

Anesthesia Pharm Spring '25 (2 decks)

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