Test 1 Material

Question 0

Roentgen

Answer 0

Unit for measurement of exposure to x radiation and gamma radiation
SI unit = coulombs per kilogram C/kg

Question 1

Rad

Answer 1

Radiation Absorbed Dose
Most often used when describing the quantity of radiation received by A patient
SI unit = gray

Question 2

REM

Answer 2

Radiation Equivalent Man
Occupational radiation monitoring devices
Used to express the quantity of radiation received by radiation workers
SI unit = sievert

Question 3

Curie

Answer 3

Quantity of radioactive material

SI unit = becquerel

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

Smallest unit of matter has the properties of an element

Smallest part of the 4 substances of matter earth water air and fire

Question 5

What is the atom made up of

Answer 5

The fundamental particles of an atom are the electron proton and neutron

Question 6

What is ALARA

Answer 6

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Question 7

Protons

Answer 7

Positive charge

Question 8

Neutrons

Answer 8

No charge electrically neutral

Question 9

Electrons

Answer 9

Negatively charged

Question 10

Atomic number

Answer 10

Represented by Z

The number of protons in the atom

Question 11

Atomic mass

Answer 11

Represented by A

The number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Question 12

Bohrs model

Answer 12

Resembled a mini solar system
Electrons revolve around the nucleus in orbits/energy levels
Contains a small dense positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons that orbit the nucleus

Question 13

Conversion of Fahrenheit to Celsius

Answer 13

Fahrenheit=9/5 Celsius + 32

Question 14

Conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit

Answer 14

Celsius = 5/9 (Fahrenheit - 32)

Question 15

Max electrons in shell formula

Answer 15

2n^2
2n squared
N= shell number

Question 16

Isotope

Answer 16

Atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
Same atomic number different atomic mass

Question 17

Isotone

Answer 17

Atoms that have the same number of neutrons but different number of protons
Different atomic numbers and different atomic mass numbers

Question 18

Isobar

Answer 18

Atoms that have different number of protons and different number of neutrons but the same atomic mass

Question 19

Isomer

Answer 19

Atoms that have the same atomic number and the same atomic mass
Identical atoms except they exist at different energy states

Question 20

Electromagnetic wave equation

Answer 20

C = f¥

Speed of light = frequency * wavelength

Question 21

Potential energy

Answer 21

The ability to do work by virtue of position
Stored energy

Ex: electrons buzzing around the filament have potential energy

Question 22

Kinetic energy

Answer 22

Energy of motion

Ex: once the kV is applied it turns to kinetic energy

Question 23

Chemical energy

Answer 23

Energy released by a chemical reaction

Ex: taking the X-ray film and putting it into the developing tank

Question 24

Electrical energy

Answer 24

Work that can be done when an electron or an electronic charge moves through an electric potential Ex: in digital radiography the electrical energy converts the image right onto the screen

Question 25

Conversion of inches to centimeters

Answer 25

1inch = 2.54 centimeters

Question 26

Inverse square law formula

Answer 26

Intensity1/intensity2 = (distance2) squared / (distance1) squared Cross multiply to solve

Question 27

Inverse square law

Answer 27

Radiation intensity is inversely related to the square of the distance from the source

Question 28

Energy

Answer 28

The ability to do work Measured in joules Exists in several forms

Question 29

Joule

Answer 29

SI unit of work and energy

Question 30

Heat

Answer 30

The kinetic energy of the random motion of molecules Unit of heat is the calorie Transferred by conduction convection and radiation

Question 31

Ionization

Answer 31

The removal or addition of an electron from an atom If electron is removed its atom is positive ion If electron is added it's atom is a negative ion

Question 32

What's the difference between X-rays and gamma rays

Answer 32

The origin

Question 33

Gamma rays

Answer 33

Emitted from the nucleus of a radioisotope

Question 34

X-rays

Answer 34

Produced outside the nucleus in electron shells

Question 35

Frequency

Answer 35

Rate of rise and fall or the number off wavelengths passing a point of observation per second

Question 36

Hertz

Answer 36

Unit off measure for frequency | Number of crests or valleys that pass an observation point per unit of time

Question 37

Wavelength

Answer 37

Represented by the lambda sign | Distance from one crest to another crest or one valley to another

Question 38

Attenuation

Answer 38

The reduction in intensity resulting from scatter and absorption

Question 39

Mass

Answer 39

Quantity of matter contained in any physical object | Measured in kilograms

Question 40

Work

Answer 40

The product of force and distance | Unit is the joule

Question 41

Energy levels/shells

Answer 41

Electrons can exist only in certain shells that represent different energy levels Shells have the code KLMN etc Orbital shell closest to nucleus is K shell K shell is the strongest has more binding energy

Question 42

Half life

Answer 42

The time required for a quantity of radioactivity to be reduced to one half it's original value

Question 43

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency

Answer 43

They're inversely proportional | Small wavelength = larger frequency

Question 44

Thermal energy

Answer 44

Energy of motion at the molecular level | Heat

Question 45

Nuclear energy

Answer 45

Energy contained in the nucleus of an atom

Question 46

Electromagnetic energy

Answer 46

Type of energy in an X-ray combining electric and magnetic fields

Question 47

Diagnostic range

Answer 47

30-150 kV

Question 48

Hertz to watts

Answer 48

1hz = 746 watts

Question 49

What's the largest source of natural ionizing radiation

Answer 49

Radon

Question 50

What's the largest source of man made ionizing radiation

Answer 50

Diagnostic X-rays

Question 51

Velocity

Answer 51

Speed of light | 3*10^8 m/s

Question 52

When was the discovery of X-rays

Answer 52

November 8th 1895

Question 53

Photon

Answer 53

The smallest quantity of electromagnetic radiation

Question 54

How much heat does the machine give off

Answer 54

98% heat 2% X-ray

Question 55

Types of electromagnetic radiation

Answer 55

X-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet, visible light

Question 56

What is the order of increasing energy of the electromagnetic spectrum from highest to lowest

Answer 56

``` Gamma rays X-rays Ultraviolet Visible light Infared Microwaves Raddiofrequency ```